1885 in architecture
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Buildings and structures
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The year 1885 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings.
Events
- May - The original wooden structures of Hobson Block, West Union, Iowa, USA, are destroyed by fire, leading to construction of the present building.
- W. D. Caröe is appointed architect to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England.[1]
- Construction of the Altare della Patria (Monumento Nazionale a Vittorio Emanuele II) in Rome, designed by Giuseppe Sacconi, begins; it will not be completed until 1925.
Buildings opened
- July 13 - New building for the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, designed by Pierre Cuypers.[2]
- November 30 - London Pavilion variety theatre, designed by Robert Worley and James Ebenezer Saunders.
- December 27 - Church of St. Peter, Leipzig, designed by August Hartel and Constantin Lipsius.
- Castle Hotel, Conwy, Wales.[3]
- Church of Saint Anthony of Padua, Busovača, Bosnia-Herzegovina.[4]
- Vestermarie Church, Bornholm, Denmark.
- Metropole Hotel, London, designed by Francis Fowler and James Ebenezer Saunders.
Buildings completed
- Autumn - The Home Insurance Building in Chicago, Illinois, designed by William Le Baron Jenney. With ten floors and a fireproof weight-bearing metal frame, it is regarded as the first skyscraper.[5]
- Holloway Sanatorium near Virginia Water in England, designed by William Henry Crossland.
- Sway Tower in Hampshire, England, designed by Andrew Peterson using concrete made with Portland cement. It remains the world's tallest non-reinforced concrete structure.[6][7]
- House for Kate Greenaway, Frognal, London, designed by Richard Norman Shaw.
- Rebuilt Framingham Railroad Station in Framingham, Massachusetts, designed by H. H. Richardson.
Awards
- Royal Gold Medal - Heinrich Schliemann.
- Grand Prix de Rome, architecture: François Paul André.
Births
- February 23 - Yoshikazu Uchida, Japanese architect and structural engineer (died 1972)
- July 13 - Adolf Behne, art historian, architectural writer and leader of the Avant Garde movement (died 1948)
- August 13 - Charles Howard Crane, US architect (died 1952)
- August 30 - Paul Gösch, German Expressionist artist, architect, lithographer, and designer (died 1940)[8][9]
- September 22 - Gunnar Asplund, Swedish "Nordic Classicist" architect (died 1940)
- December 5 - Ernest Cormier, Canadian engineer and architect (died 1980)
- December 17 - Wells Coates, Canadian architect, designer and writer (died 1958)
- December 28 - Vladimir Tatlin, Russian painter and architect (died 1953)[10]
Deaths
- February 1 - Henri Dupuy de Lôme, French naval architect (born 1816)
- March 9 - Matthew Ellison Hadfield, English Victorian Gothic architect (born 1812)
- May 22 - Théodore Ballu, French architect of public buildings (born 1817)
- May 28 - Horace King, US architect, engineer, and bridge builder.[11]
- June 14 - William Tinsley, US-based Irish architect (born 1804)
- August 1 - Thomas Leverton Donaldson, British architect, co-founder and President of the Royal Institute of British Architects[12]
- August 24 - Eduard Riedel, German architect and Bavarian government building officer (born 1813)
- September 2 - Giuseppe Bonavia, Maltese architect (born 1821)
- November 16 - Frederick Ernst Ruffini, US architect (born 1851)
References
- ↑ MacAlister, Ian (2004). "Caröe, William Douglas (1857–1938)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32298. Retrieved 2012-07-05. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ↑ "Stadhouderskade 42. Rijksmuseum (1876/85)". Monumenten en Archeologie in Amsterdam. City of Amsterdam. Archived from the original on February 9, 2007. Retrieved 2013-03-24.
- ↑ Castle Hotel, Conwy, Cadw, retrieved 2013-07-04
- ↑ (Croatian)http://www.bosnasrebrena.ba/v2010/samostani-i-zupe/samostansko-podrucje-fojnica/busovaca.html
- ↑ "Home Insurance Building". SkyscraperPage. Archived from the original on 29 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-27.
- ↑ James, J. (1997). All about Sway Tower. Lymington: Lymington Museum Trust.
- ↑ Trout, Edwin (October 2002). "Sway Tower: an early example of high-rise concrete construction". Concrete: 64–5.
- ↑ Wolfgang Pehnt, Expressionist Architecture, Wetsport, CT, Praeger, 1973.
- ↑ Peter Selz, German Expressionist Painting, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1957.
- ↑ Lynton, Norbert (2009). Tatlin's Tower: Monument to Revolution. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 1. ISBN 0300111304.
- ↑ Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia, Horace King Historical Marker, retrieved November 3, 2007.
- ↑ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,Oxford University Press, 2004. Accessed 10 Feb 2014.
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