Exogyra
| Exogyra Temporal range: Jurassic-Cretaceous | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Exogyra flabellata (Owl Creek Formation, Late Cretaceous, Mississippi) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Ostreoida |
| Family: | Gryphaeidae |
| Genus: | †Exogyra |
| Species | |
| |
Exogyra is an extinct genus of fossil saltwater oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Gryphaeidae, the foam oysters or honeycomb oysters.[1] These bivalves grew cemented by the more cupped left valve. The right valve is flatter, and the beak is curved to one side. Exogyra lived on solid substrates in warm seas during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.
The subgenus Aetostreon is sometimes considered a separate genus, due to a lack of the fine set of parallel ribs (chomata) separated by pits, on the inner surface of the valves (which is present in the nominate subgenus).[2]
Species
Exogyra (subgenus Exogyra) (Say, 1820)
- Exogyra africana Say, 1820 [3]
- Exogyra aquillana Stephenson, 1953
- Exogyra arietina[4][5]
- Exogyra callophyla Ihering, 1903
- Exogyra cancellata Stephenson, 1914
- Exogyra clarki Shattuck, 1903
- Exogyra columbella Meek, 1876
- Exogyra contorta Eichwald, 1868
- Exogyra costata
Exogyra costata, Prairie Bluff Chalk Formation (Maastrichtian); Starkville, Mississippi.
- Exogyra davidsoni[6]
- Exogyra columba
- Exogyra erraticostata Stephenson [7]
- Exogyra fimbriata Conrad, 1855
- Exogyra flabellata
- Exogyra ganhamoroba Maury, 1936
- Exogyra guadalupae Whitney, 1937 (thesis)
- Exogyra haliotoidea Maury, 1936
- Exogyra laevigata[8]
- Exogyra laeviuscula Roemer, 1849
- Exogyra lancha Stoyanow, 1949
- Exogyra levis Stephenson, 1952
- Exogyra mutatoria White, 1887
- Exogyra obliquata Pulteney[9]
- Exogyra paupercula Cragin, 1893
- Exogyra plexa Cragin, 1893
- Exogyra potosina Castillo and Aguilera, 1895
- Exogyra ponderosa Roemer, 1852
- Exogyra praevirgula Douville & Jourdy, 1924 [10][11]
- Exogyra quitmanensis Cragin, 1893
- Exogyra sergipensis Maury, 1936
- Exogyra sigmoidea [12] Reuss, 1844
- Exogyra solea Muller, 1910
- Exogyra upatoiensis Stephenson, 1914
- Exogyra whitneyi Bose, 1910
- Exogyra woolmani Richards, 1947
Exogyra (subgenus Aetostreon) (Bayle, 1878)[13]
- Exogyra aquila Brongniart, 1871
- Exogyra bale
- Exogyra couloni Say, 1820
- Exogyra imbricatum Kraus, 1843 [2] (possibly a morphotype of E. couloni)
- Exogyra latissimum [14]
- Exogyra miotaurinensis Sacco, 1897 [15] (Type species of subgenus)
- Exogyra neocomiensis[16]
- Exogyra pilmatuegrossum [17]
- Exogyra rectangularis[16]
References
- ↑ http://crnmac1.physics.uiowa.edu/fossils/oysters/ilymatogyra/Exogyra-plexa.html Evolution of Exogyra plexa
- 1 2 Pewgaczewska.H., (n.d.) http://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app20/app20-047.pdf
- ↑ http://zipcodezoo.com/Animals/E/Exogyra_africana/
- ↑ http://www.bivatol.org/downloads/Lab_2_Bivalve_Fossil_Record_curriculum.pdf
- ↑ https://www.wardsci.com/store/catalog/product.jsp?catalog_number=528130
- ↑ http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=304725
- ↑ http://fossilsofnj.com/invertebrates/exogyra.htm
- ↑ Lake.P., and Rastall.R.H., (1913), A Text Book of Geology, 2nd edition, London: Edward Arnold's Geological series Page 426 and 436
- ↑ Castell. C.P., and Cox. L.R., (1975), British Mesozoic Fossils, 5th edition, London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), page 86
- ↑ https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://science.mnhn.fr/all/list%3FspecificEpithet%3Dpraevirgula%26genus%3DExogyra&prev=search
- ↑ http://gni.globalnames.org/name_indices/98855151/name_index_records
- ↑ Ivanov. M., Hrdlickova. S., and Gregorova. R., (2005), The Complete Encyclopedia of Fossils, 3rd. ed., Lisse: Rebo International, page 133
- ↑ Paleobiology Database, (n.d.), Exogyra (Aetostreon), [online], Exogyra (Aetostreon) entry, accessed 7 May 2013
- ↑ Anon, (n.d.), Aetostreon latissium As a Derived Fossil, [online], Available at: http://www.fcaq-geolotech.co.uk/shop/bivalves/96-aetostreon-latissimum-as-a-dreived-fossil.html, Accessed 7 May 2013
- ↑ Paleobiology Database, (n.d.), Exogyra (Aetostreon miotaurinensis, [online], Available at: http://paleodb.org/?a=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=118252, accessed 7 May 2013
- 1 2 Global Names Index, (2000), Global Names Index, [online], Available at: http://gni.globalnames.org/name_strings?page=213&search_term=ns%3AAET%2A, Accessed 7 May 2013
- ↑ Rubillar, A.E; Lazo, E.B. (2008). "Description of Aetostreon pilmatuegrossum sp. Nov. from the Lower Cretaceous of Argentina (Neuquén Basin), and significance of the conservative left valve morphology in oysters of the genus Aetostreon Bayle". Cretaceous Research. 30: 727–748. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2008.12.013.
- National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Fossils
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