Afonso Pena

Ministerial positions (Empire)
Minister of Justice
In office 6 May 1885 – 20 August 1885
Prime Minister	José Antônio Saraiva
Preceded by	Sodré Pereira
Succeeded by	Ribeiro da Luz
Minister of Agriculture and Transport
In office 24 May 1883 – 6 June 1884
Prime Minister	Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira
Preceded by	Henrique d'Ávila
Succeeded by	Carneiro da Rocha
Minister of War
In office 1 March 1884 – 22 March 1884
Prime Minister	Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira
Preceded by	Antônio Joaquim
Succeeded by	Filipe Franco de Sá
In office 21 January 1882 – 3 July 1882
Prime Minister	Martinho Álvares
Preceded by	Franklin Dória
Succeeded by	Carlos Afonso
Minister of the Navy
In office 21 January 1882 – 28 January 1882
Prime Minister	Martinho Álvares
Preceded by	Viscount of Lima Duarte
Succeeded by	Bento de Paula Sousa

Personal details

Born

30 November 1847
Santa Bárbara, Minas Gerais Empire of Brazil

Died

14 June 1909 (aged 61)
Catete Palace, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Political party

Empire:
Conservative Party
Republic:
Minas Gerais Republican

Spouse(s)

Maria Guilhermina de Oliveira (m. 1875–1909); his death

Children

Alma mater

University of São Paulo

Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena (Portuguese: [aˈfõsu awˈɡustu moˈrejrɐ ˈpenɐ]; 30 November 1847 – 14 June 1909) was a Brazilian politician who served as President of Brazil between 1906 and 1909. Before his political career, Pena had been an attorney, legal scholar and member of the Brazilian Supreme Court.^[1] He was the first President to die in office.

Pena began his political career in 1874 with an election to the Imperial General Assembly. In the succeeding years, Pena reconciled legislative work with some periods occupying secretariats—secretary of Agriculture (1882), Commerce and Public Issues (1883) and Justice (1885). Pena then presided over the provincial assembly of Minas Gerais.

After the proclamation of the Republic, he was governor of Minas Gerais between 1892 and 1894. It was during his administration that Belo Horizonte was set for the future state capital (which at that time was Ouro Preto). He ran in the presidential election of 1894, but lost by a large margin to Prudente de Morais.

In 1902 Pena became Vice President to Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves. He was elected president in 1906 and served until his death in 1909, a few days after the passing of his son Álvaro Pena.

Afonso Pena was the first Brazilian president to advocate intervening in the coffee economy. The federal government started to buy production surplus, thus maintaining the high price of coffee in international markets. Pena also promoted the expansion of railroads.

The reorganization of the Brazilian army was done by Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca during the Pena administration. The president also supported Cândido Rondon's expeditions in the Amazon Rainforest.

Gallery

Painting of President Pena by Rodolfo Amoedo
Bust of Afonso Pena in the hall of the UFMG School of Law in Belo Horizonte, which he was one of the founders.
Press criticizing the young personnel of Pena's cabinet

References

↑ Afonso Pena - BrasilEscola (Portuguese)

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Afonso Pena.

Political offices
Preceded by Eduardo Ernesto da Gama Cerqueira	Governor of Minas Gerais 1892–1894	Succeeded by Chrispim Jaques Bias Fortes
Preceded by Francisco de Assis Rosa e Silva	Vice President of Brazil 1903–1906	Succeeded by Nilo Peçanha
Preceded by Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves	President of Brazil 1906–1909	Succeeded by Nilo Peçanha

Presidents of Brazil

Old Republic (1889–1930)	Deodoro da Fonseca Floriano Peixoto Prudente de Morais Campos Sales Rodrigues Alves Afonso Pena Nilo Peçanha Hermes da Fonseca Venceslau Brás Delfim Moreira Epitácio Pessoa Artur Bernardes Washington Luís Júlio Prestes

Vargas Era (1930–1945)	Military Junta (Augusto Fragoso • Isaías de Noronha • Mena Barreto) Getúlio Vargas José Linhares

Republic of 46 (1946–1964)	Eurico Gaspar Dutra Getúlio Vargas Café Filho Carlos Luz Nereu Ramos Juscelino Kubitschek Jânio Quadros Ranieri Mazzilli João Goulart

Military Regime (1964–1985)	Ranieri Mazzilli Humberto Castello Branco Artur da Costa e Silva Military Junta (Augusto Rademaker • Aurélio de Lira Tavares • Márcio Melo) Emílio Garrastazu Médici Ernesto Geisel João Figueiredo

New Republic (1985–)	Tancredo Neves José Sarney Fernando Collor de Mello Itamar Franco Fernando Henrique Cardoso Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva Dilma Rousseff Michel Temer

Vice Presidents of Brazil

First Republic (1889–1930)	Floriano Peixoto Manuel Vitorino Francisco Rosa e Silva Silviano Brandão Afonso Pena Nilo Peçanha Venceslau Brás Urbano Santos Delfim Moreira Bueno de Paiva Estácio Coimbra Fernando de Melo Viana Vital Soares

Fourth Republic (1946–1964)	Nereu Ramos Café Filho João Goulart

Fifth Republic (1964–1985)	José Maria Alkmin Pedro Aleixo Augusto Rademaker Adalberto Pereira dos Santos Aureliano Chaves

Sixth Republic (1985–)	José Sarney Itamar Franco Marco Maciel José Alencar Michel Temer

Governors of Minas Gerais (1889 — 2016)

Antônio Olinto dos Santos Pires Cesário Alvim João Pinheiro da Silva Domingos José da Rocha Chispim Jacques Bias Fortes Frederico Augusto Álvares da Silva Antônio Augusto de Lima Eduardo Ernesto da Gama Cerqueira José Cesário Faria Alvim Eduardo Ernesto da Gama Cerqueira Afonso Augusto Moreira Pena Chrispim Jacques Bias Fortes Francisco Silviano de Almeida Brandão João Cândido da Costa Sena Francisco Antônio de Salles João Pinheiro da Silva Júlio Bueno Brandão Venceslau Brás Pereira Gomes Júlio Bueno Brandão Delfim Moreira da Costa Ribeiro Arthur da Silva Bernardes Raul Soares de Moura Olegário Dias Maciel Fernando de Mello Viana Antônio Carlos Ribeiro de Andrada Olegário Dias Maciel Gustavo Capanema Filho Benedito Valadares Ribeiro Nísio Batista de Oliveira João Tavares Corrêa Beraldo Júlio Ferreira de Carvalho Noraldino Lima Alcides Lins Milton Soares Campos Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira Clóvis Salgado da Gama José Francisco Bias Fortes José de Magalhães Pinto Israel Pinheiro da Silva Rondon Pacheco Aureliano Chaves Levindo Ozanan Coelho Francelino Pereira dos Santos Tancredo Neves Hélio Garcia Newton Cardoso Hélio Garcia Eduardo Brandão Azeredo Itamar Franco Aécio Neves Antônio Anastasia Alberto Pinto Coelho Júnior Fernando Pimentel

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 13700456 LCCN: n84002178 BNF: cb12066329p (data)

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