An Triail

An Triail
Poster for 2016 Fibín production
Written by	Máiréad Ní Ghráda
Characters	Máire Ní Chathasaigh Bean Uí Chathasaigh Pádraig Mac Carthaigh Mailí Nábla Dailí Pailí Áine ní Bhreasail Seáinín an Mhótair Liam Ó Cathasaigh Seán Ó Cathasaigh Colm Ó Sé Bean Uí Chinsealigh Factory manager Priest 2 Attorneys Landlady
Date premiered	September 22, 1964 (1964-09-22)
Place premiered	The Damer Theatre, Dublin
Original language	Irish
Subject	Prostitution, hypocrisy, Single motherhood, Magdalene asylums
Genre	Expressionism, kitchen sink realism, social realism, melodrama
Setting	Rural Ireland and Dublin, 1960s

An Triail ([ən̪ˠ ˈtʲɾʲiəlʲ], "The Trial") is a play written by the Irish playwright Máiréad Ní Ghráda which starred well-known poet and Sean-nós singer Caitlín Maude in its first performance in 1964.^[1][2] The play was first broadcast on RTÉ radio in 1965.^[3]

The play is written entirely in the Irish language and is on the curriculum for the Leaving Certificate examinations since 2006.

Plot summary

The play is set in Ireland during the 1960s and deals with the pregnancy, and subsequent single motherhood, of a young woman, Máire. She is shunned by her family after becoming impregnated by the local primary school teacher Padraig, a married man, and must leave her parish and move to Dublin to find work to support herself and her child. Here she is once again marginalised, first for being a single pregnant woman and then for being single mother. After her accommodation collapses around her child, she moves into a brothel with a prostitute who took pity on her. An encounter with the child's father, where he further rejects her and his child, only serves to make matters worse and the girl takes her own life in a similar way to poet Sylvia Plath, as well as that of her child, by Natural Gas inhalation from her oven.

It often goes back and forth between "flashbacks" (memories of Máire, the protagonist) and the trial. At the beginning, Máire's mother is introduced, and proceeds to state she is a god-fearing woman who has done nothing wrong. Throughout the play, this is typical of most characters.

Main Characters

Máire She is the protagonist of the play. Her key flaw is her loyalty. She is very sheltered and naive due to her upbringing. As a young woman she falls in love with Pádraig, a school teacher, at a dance. Máire was raised with no knowledge of men and the like, as her mother raised her to be only a nun. She was only allowed to enter dances due to the priest being there. During the play, Máire's love for Pádraig never falters. Proof of this is seen how, even after his betrayal throughout the flashbacks, she never breaks her promises to "Never to mention [his] name", "Never to write to" him and to "Never tell anyone about" their relationship. When she becomes pregnant, she is thrown out by her mother, and goes to Dublin, where she meets Mailí, a prostitute, who shows her kindness by telling her of the Social Worker's plans to give her baby up for adoption. Máire rejects this plan, and after an accident that caused her house to collapse around her baby while she was at work, Mailí takes her in before she meets with Padraig. She kills herself and her baby after this meeting, because Padraig rejects her and anything to do with the child, showing her selfishness and folly. Throughout the flashbacks in which she and Pádraig meet, she is constantly told that he loves her, and would marry her, were he not married. Hence, when she finds out from a friend, a year later, that his wife died a month after she was thrown out, Máire has an emotional breakdown, and in finding out that he has remarried since, commits the fatal act in the penultimate scene.

Pádraig The school teacher responsible for Máire's pregnancy. During their meetings and even when they met at the dance, he is constantly teasing and testing her, manipulating her, making her feel pity for him while enticing her all the more. He convinces her that he has married her "With this ring, I marry you", although stating beforehand he could not marry her because his own wife, Nóra, is ill but alive. This pretend marriage, which he knows is fake but she does not, is a ploy to try to get Máire to sleep with him. He is unfaithful to his wife as she is dying, and is also unfaithfull to his new wife as he goes to the house of ill repute to get the services of a prostitute such as Mailí.

Bean Uí Cathasaigh The mother of Máire, Liam and Sean, an ambitious widow who has made many sacrifices for her children and plans to have her children feed her own ambition. A 'Christian' woman, she forces her son Sean into the priesthood, and tries to force Máire into being a nun until she falls pregnant. Her main worry is not for her daughter but herself being "embarrassed in front of the neighbours!" She tries to give Máire alcohol in order to abort the baby, and stands up in court defending this- "It's not a sin to put an end to something unclean, something damned by God and by people". She seems not to care that her daughter is dead, only that she had been given a Catholic Upbringing, and that it was Máire's own fault that she was marginalised.

Production

When it was first acted out on stage, many did not stay throughout the entirety of the play due to many reasons, one being people feeling all too familiar with the scenario and characters, as being thrown out of the family for being a pregnant woman before marriage was normal at that time, and the women were often shunned by society. Another reason was because the only good character who assisted the heroine was a prostitute. People did not want to face the truth of such things, that there were prostitutes and unlawful men.

Chris Morash placed it on a level with Brian Friel's Philadelphia, Here I Come! and Eugene McCabe's King of the Castle. ^[4]

References