Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)
Coordinates: 54°39′47″N 5°57′54″W / 54.663°N 5.965°W
Belfast North | |
---|---|
Borough constituency for the House of Commons | |
Boundary of Belfast North in Northern Ireland. | |
Districts of Northern Ireland | Belfast, Newtownabbey |
Population | 102,531 (2011 census)[1] |
Electorate | 67,422 (March 2011) |
Current constituency | |
Created | 1922 |
Member of parliament | Nigel Dodds (DUP) |
Number of members | One |
Created from | Belfast Duncairn, Belfast Shankill |
1885–1918 | |
Number of members | One |
Type of constituency | Borough constituency |
Replaced by | Belfast Duncairn, Belfast Shankill |
Created from | Belfast |
Overlaps | |
European Parliament constituency | Northern Ireland |
Belfast North is a parliamentary constituency in the United Kingdom House of Commons.
Boundaries
1950-1974: The County Borough of Belfast wards of Clifton, Duncairn, and Shankill.
1974-1983: The County Borough of Belfast wards of Clifton, Dock, Duncairn, and Shankill.
1983-1997: The District of Belfast wards of Ardoyne, Ballysillan, Bellevue, Castleview, Cavehill, Cliftonville, Crumlin, Duncairn, Fortwilliam, Grove, Legoniel, New Lodge, Shankill, and Woodvale.
1997-2010: The District of Belfast wards of Ardoyne, Ballysillan, Bellevue, Castleview, Cavehill, Chichester Park, Cliftonville, Crumlin, Duncairn, Fortwilliam, Legoniel, New Lodge, Water Works, and Woodvale, and the District of Newtownabbey wards of Abbey, Coole, Dunanney, Valley, and Whitehouse.
2010–present: The District of Belfast wards of Ardoyne, Ballysillan, Bellevue, Castleview, Cavehill, Chichester Park, Cliftonville, Crumlin, Duncairn, Fortwilliam, Legoniel, New Lodge, Water Works, and Woodvale, and the District of Newtownabbey wards of Abbey, Ballyhenry, Cloughfern, Collinbridge, Coole, Dunanney, Elmfeild, Glebe, Glengormley, Hightown, Valley, and Whitehouse.
The seat was created in 1922 when, as part of the establishment of the devolved Stormont Parliament for Northern Ireland, the number of MPs in the Westminster Parliament was drastically cut. The seat is centred on the north section of Belfast, though at times the area around the Docks on the north side of the Lagan Estuary has instead been part of variously Belfast East and Belfast West. Belfast North also contains part of the district of Newtownabbey.
Belfast North contains 14 wards of Belfast City Council and 5 of Newtownabbey Borough Council. The constituency suffered the highest level of violence in Northern Ireland during The Troubles and covers many areas synonymous with the conflict – the New Lodge, Ardoyne, Rathcoole, Ballysillan and Woodvale. The overall tenor of the constituency is working-class, with a high proportion of residents in public housing, and concentrations of low-income single people in the middle Antrim Road and Cliftonville areas. There are some upscale residential areas around Belfast Castle and on the slopes of Cavehill. Sectarian divisions are stark, with a number of Peace lines cutting through the constituency and occasional outbursts of sectarian street violence, and was the focus for post-ceasefire incidents such as the Holy Cross dispute.
At the boundary commission hearings in September 2005 prior to the 2010 general election, the SDLP proposed extending the seat to Cloughfern and Jordanstown. The DUP supported the addition of Cloughfern. Sinn Féin were generally supportive of the commission's proposals.
Following the revised recommendations, the Commission proposals were finalised and accepted by Parliament through the Northern Ireland Parliamentary Constituencies Order.[2]
History
Belfast North has historically had a narrow unionist majority, which has been gradually decreasing over time. The nationalist vote is considerable, and those from a Catholic background (47%) now slightly outnumber those from a Protestant background (46%), according to the 2011 census. It has generated particular interest for a number of highly unusual election results, as well as for several candidates and MPs prominently disagreeing with their parties.
Of the five main political parties in Northern Ireland, four (the Ulster Unionist Party, the Democratic Unionist Party, the Social Democratic and Labour Party and Sinn Féin) all have relatively strong support bases and routinely poll similar results. Other parties such as the Alliance, Progressive Unionist Party, Unionist Party of Northern Ireland, Conservatives and the Workers' Party have at times polled significantly, as have independent candidates, with the result that many elections have been won on comparatively low shares of the vote. The elections to the various assemblies have often seen the seats for the constituency heavily split – in 1998 no party won more than one Assembly seat.
The area saw a steady out movement of Protestants during the Troubles, to some degree replaced by a growing Catholic population, although the overall population of the area fell sharply. However, all the inner-city communities in the constituency are now haemorrhaging electors, and the overall ethnic composition of the constituency now seems stable.
The seat was consistently held by the Ulster Unionist Party from its creation until the 1970s. In 1972 the first notable dissent occurred when the sitting MP, Stratton Mills, dissented from the UUP's decision to withdraw from the Conservative whip at Westminster over the suspension of the Stormont Parliament. Mills remained as a Conservative MP, but the following year he joined the Alliance, giving them their only Westminster representation before 2010.
In the February 1974 general election the seat was won by John Carson of the Ulster Unionist Party with backing by the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party and the Democratic Unionist Party on a united slate in opposition to the Sunningdale Agreement. Carson's victory came despite a majority of votes being cast for pro-Sunningdale candidates, albeit split between the Pro-Assembly Unionists, the Social Democratic and Labour Party and the Northern Ireland Labour Party. Carson held his seat in the October 1974 election but was deselected by the local Ulster Unionists over his support for the minority Labour government.
The 1979 general election saw one of the most dramatic results of all when Johnny McQuade of the Democratic Unionist Party won the seat with a mere 27.6% of the vote – the third lowest total for a successful candidate in a UK general election in the twentieth century. This came about due to the strong showing of several other parties, dividing the vote strongly. McQuade also had the distinction of being the oldest person to be initially elected to Westminster in the 20th century and did not stand at the next general election.
In 1983, Cecil Walker regained the seat for the UUP, beating Scotsman George Seawright of the DUP. In the 1987 general election the UUP and DUP agreed a pact in opposition to the Anglo Irish Agreement. Seawright had been expelled from the DUP and stood in the election, reviving the Protestant Unionist Party label, but was unsuccessful.
Walker continued to hold the seat until 2001 but gained a reputation for inactivity. In the 2001 general election the DUP contested the seat for the first time since 1983, with their candidate Nigel Dodds campaigning heavily on both their opposition to the Good Friday Agreement and Walker's record. Walker also suffered from a disastrous television interview during the campaign. In the election Walker's vote collapsed to a mere 12%, coming fourth whilst Dodds won the seat. The UUP vote fell even further in both the 2003 Assembly election and the 2005 general election. Much of the attention in the run up to the 2015 general election focused on the growth of the Sinn Féin vote, as there was a 5% swing in their favour in the 2010 general election, now making it seem intensely marginal; in the event, however, a 7% increase in the DUP vote, possibly helped by the lack of a UUP candidate, and a 0.1% fall in the Sinn Féin vote, allowed for Dodds to hold the seat comfortably.
Members of Parliament
The Member of Parliament since the 2001 general election has been Nigel Dodds of the Democratic Unionist Party. He defeated Cecil Walker of the Ulster Unionist Party, who had sat for the seat since 1983.
Monuments at Belfast City Hall – MP's Belfast North
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Edward James Harland MP, Lord Mayor of Belfast
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James Horner Haslett MP, Mayor of Belfast
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Sir Daniel Dixon MP, Lord Mayor of Belfast
Elections
Elections in the 2010s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DUP | Nigel Dodds[5] | 19,096 | 47.0 | +7.0 | |
Sinn Féin | Gerry Kelly | 13,770 | 33.9 | -0.1 | |
SDLP | Alban Maginness[6] | 3,338 | 8.2 | -4.1 | |
Alliance | Jason O'Neill[7] | 2,941 | 7.3 | +2.4 | |
Workers' Party | Gemma Weir[7] | 919 | 2.3 | N/A | |
Independent | Fra Hughes | 529 | 1.3 | N/A | |
Majority | 5,326 | 13.1 | +7.1 | ||
Turnout | 40,593 | 59.2 | +2.7 | ||
DUP hold | Swing | +3.5 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DUP | Nigel Dodds | 14,812 | 40.0 | -2.9 | |
Sinn Féin | Gerry Kelly | 12,588 | 34.0 | +7.1 | |
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 4,544 | 12.3 | -4.5 | |
UCU-NF | Fred Cobain | 2,837 | 7.7 | -1.8 | |
Alliance | Billy Webb | 1,809 | 4.9 | +2.0 | |
Independent | Martin McAuley | 403 | 1.1 | +1.1 | |
Majority | 2,224 | 6.0 | |||
Turnout | 36,993 | 56.5 | -1.1 | ||
DUP hold | Swing | 5.0 | |||
Elections in the 2000s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DUP | Nigel Dodds | 13,935 | 45.6 | +4.8 | |
Sinn Féin | Gerry Kelly | 8,747 | 28.6 | +3.4 | |
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 4,950 | 16.2 | -4.8 | |
UUP | Fred Cobain | 2,154 | 7.1 | -4.9 | |
Alliance | Marjorie Hawkins | 438 | 1.4 | +1.4 | |
Workers' Party | Marcella Delaney | 165 | 0.5 | -0.1 | |
Rainbow Dream Ticket | Lynda Gilby | 151 | 0.5 | +0.2 | |
Majority | 5,188 | 17.0 | |||
Turnout | 30,540 | 57.8 | -9.4 | ||
DUP hold | Swing | +0.7 | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DUP | Nigel Dodds | 16,718 | 40.8 | 0.0 | |
Sinn Féin | Gerry Kelly | 10,331 | 25.2 | +5.0 | |
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 8,592 | 21.0 | +0.6 | |
UUP | Cecil Walker | 4,904 | 12.0 | -39.8 | |
Workers' Party | Marcella Delaney | 253 | 0.6 | -0.1 | |
Rainbow Dream Ticket | Rainbow George Weiss | 134 | 0.3 | N/A | |
Majority | 6,387 | 15.6 | |||
Turnout | 40,932 | 67.2 | +3.0 | ||
DUP gain from UUP | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1990s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Cecil Walker | 21,478 | 51.8 | -.04 | |
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 8,454 | 20.4 | +1.9 | |
Sinn Féin | Gerry Kelly | 8,375 | 20.2 | +8.7 | |
Alliance | Tom Campbell | 2,221 | 5.4 | -2.4 | |
Green (NI) | Peter Emerson | 539 | 1.3 | N/A | |
Workers' Party | Paul Treanor | 297 | 0.7 | N/A | |
Natural Law | Andrea Gribben | 98 | 0.2 | N/A | |
Majority | 13,024 | 31.4 | |||
Turnout | 64.2 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
1997 Changes are compared to the 1992 notional results shown below.[13]
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | N/A | 22,259 | 52.4 | N/a | |
SDLP | N/A | 7,867 | 18.52 | N/A | |
Sinn Féin | N/A | 4,882 | 11.5 | N/A | |
Alliance | N/A | 3,321 | 7.8 | N/A | |
NI Conservatives | N/A | 2,107 | 5.0 | N/A | |
Others | N/A | 2,041 | 4.8 | N/A | |
Majority | 14,392 | 33.9 | N/A | ||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Cecil Walker | 17,240 | 48.0 | ||
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 7,615 | 21.2 | ||
Sinn Féin | Paddy McManus | 4,693 | 13.1 | ||
Alliance | Tom Campbell | 2,246 | 6.3 | ||
NI Conservatives | Margaret Redpath | 2,107 | 5.9 | ||
New Agenda | Seamus Lynch | 1,386 | 3.9 | ||
Workers' Party | Margaret Smith | 419 | 1.2 | ||
Natural Law | David O'Leary | 208 | 0.6 | ||
Majority | 9,625 | ||||
Turnout | 65.2 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1980s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Cecil Walker | 14,355 | 39.0 | ||
SDLP | Alban Maginness | 5,795 | 15.7 | ||
Protestant Unionist | George Seawright | 5,671 | 15.4 | ||
Sinn Féin | Paddy McManus | 5,062 | 13.8 | ||
Workers' Party | Seamus Lynch | 3,062 | 8.3 | ||
Alliance | Tom Campbell | 2,871 | 7.8 | ||
Majority | 8,560 | 23.3 | |||
Turnout | 62.3 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Cecil Walker | 21,649 | |||
Alliance | Paul Maguire | 5,072 | |||
Workers' Party | Seamus Lynch | 3,563 | |||
Majority | 16,577 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Cecil Walker | 15,339 | 36.2 | ||
DUP | George Seawright | 8,260 | 19.5 | ||
SDLP | Brian Feeney | 5,944 | 14.0 | ||
Sinn Féin | Joe Austin | 5,451 | 12.9 | ||
Alliance | Paul Maguire | 3,879 | 9.1 | ||
Workers' Party | Seamus Lynch | 2,412 | 5.7 | ||
Independent DUP | William Gault | 1,134 | 2.7 | ||
Majority | 7,079 | 16.7 | |||
Turnout | 69.4 | ||||
UUP gain from DUP | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1970s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
DUP | Johnny McQuade | 11,690 | 27.6 | ||
UUP | Cecil Walker | 10,695 | 25.3 | ||
SDLP | Paschal O'Hare | 7,823 | 18.5 | ||
Unionist Party NI | Anne Dickson | 4,220 | 10.0 | ||
Alliance | John Cushnahan | 4,120 | 9.7 | ||
Republican Clubs | Seamus Lynch | 1,907 | 4.5 | ||
NI Labour | Alan Carr | 1,889 | 4.4 | ||
Majority | 995 | 2.4 | |||
Turnout | 42,344 | 65.1 | |||
DUP gain from UUP | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | John Carson | 29,662 | 62.6 | ||
SDLP | Thomas Donnelly | 11,400 | 24.1 | ||
Alliance | John Ferguson | 3,807 | 8.1 | ||
NI Labour | Billy Boyd | 2,481 | 5.2 | ||
Majority | 18,222 | 38.5 | |||
Turnout | 47,670 | 65.9 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | John Carson | 21,531 | 43.7 | ||
Pro-Assembly Unionist | David Smyth | 12,755 | 25.9 | ||
SDLP | Thomas Donnelly | 12,003 | 24.4 | ||
NI Labour | Sandy Scott | 2,917 | 5.9 | ||
Majority | 8,776 | 17.8 | |||
Turnout | 68.2 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Stratton Mills | 28,668 | 48.5 | ||
NI Labour | John Sharkey | 18,894 | 31.9 | ||
Protestant Unionist | William Beattie | 11,173 | 18.8 | ||
Independent Unionist | John McKeague | 441 | 0.8 | ||
Majority | 9,774 | 16.5 | |||
Turnout | 59,176 | 78.0 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1960s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Stratton Mills | 26,891 | 57.4 | ||
NI Labour | David Overend | 19,927 | 42.6 | ||
Majority | 6,964 | 14.9 | |||
Turnout | 46,818 | 65.5 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Stratton Mills | 29,976 | 59.6 | ||
NI Labour | Jack McDowell | 17,564 | 34.9 | ||
Independent Republican | Francis McGlade | 2,743 | 5.5 | ||
Majority | 12,412 | 24.7 | |||
Turnout | 50,283 | 69.5 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1950s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Stratton Mills | 32,173 | 60.7 | ||
NI Labour | Jack McDowell | 18,640 | 35.2 | ||
Sinn Féin | Francis McGlade | 2,156 | 4.1 | ||
Majority | 13,533 | 25.6 | |||
Turnout | 52,969 | 71.1 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Harford Montgomery Hyde | 33,745 | 63.3 | ||
NI Labour | Billy Boyd | 15,065 | 28.2 | ||
Sinn Féin | Francis McGlade | 4,534 | 8.5 | ||
Majority | 18,680 | ||||
Turnout | 69.3 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Harford Montgomery Hyde | 34,995 | 60.7 | ||
NI Labour | James Morrow | 22,685 | 39.3 | ||
Majority | 12,310 | 21.3 | |||
Turnout | 57,680 | 75.7 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Harford Montgomery Hyde | 36,412 | 64.4 | ||
NI Labour | William Leeburn | 20,146 | 35.6 | ||
Majority | 16,266 | 28.8 | |||
Turnout | 56,558 | 74.9 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1940s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | William Frederick Neill | 25,761 | 55.3 | ||
NI Labour | William Leeburn | 20,845 | 44.7 | ||
Majority | 4,916 | 10.6 | |||
Turnout | 46,606 | 63.6 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1930s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas Somerset | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
UUP hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas Somerset | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
UUP hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Elections in the 1920s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas Somerset | 27,812 | 62.1 | -34.5 | |
Independent Unionist | Thomas Gibson Henderson | 10,909 | 24.4 | n/a | |
Independent | David Wilson | 6,059 | 13.5 | n/a | |
Majority | 16,903 | 37.8 | -55.5 | ||
Turnout | 44,780 | 72.9 | -2.5 | ||
UUP hold | Swing | n/a | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas McConnell | 34,182 | 96.6 | ||
Sinn Féin | Hugh Corvin | 1,192 | 3.4 | ||
Majority | 32,990 | 93.3 | |||
Turnout | 35,374 | 75.4 | |||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas Edward McConnell | 16,771 | 52.5 | n/a | |
Independent Unionist | Thomas Gibson Henderson | 15,171 | 47.5 | n/a | |
Majority | 1,600 | 5.0 | n/a | ||
Turnout | 31,942 | 68.2 | n/a | ||
UUP hold | Swing | n/a | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Thomas McConnell | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
UUP hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Elections in the 1910s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Robert Thompson | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
UUP hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | Robert Thompson | 6,270 | 61.3 | ||
Belfast Labour | Robert Gageby | 3,951 | 38.7 | ||
Majority | 2,319 | 22.7 | |||
Turnout | 10,221 | ||||
UUP hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1900s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irish Unionist | George Smith Clark | 6,021 | |||
Belfast Labour | William Walker | 4,194 | |||
Majority | 1,827 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irish Unionist | Daniel Dixon | 4,907 | |||
Belfast Labour | William Walker | 4,616 | |||
Majority | 291 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irish Unionist | Daniel Dixon | 4,440 | |||
Belfast Labour | William Walker | 3,966 | N/A | ||
Majority | 474 | ||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irish Unionist | James Horner Haslett | 4,172 | |||
Ind. Liberal Unionist | T. Harrison | 1,855 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Elections in the 1890s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irish Unionist | James Horner Haslett | 5,935 | |||
Independent Unionist | Adam Turner | 3,434 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Edward James Harland | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Edward James Harland | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Elections in the 1880s
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Conservative | Edward James Harland | Unopposed | N/A | N/A | |
Conservative hold | Swing | N/A | |||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | William Ewart | 4,522 | 86.1 | ||
Irish Nationalist | J. Dempsey | 732 | 13.9 | ||
Majority | 3,790 | 72.1 | |||
Turnout | 5,254 | ||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ± | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UUP | William Ewart | 3,915 | |||
Liberal | Alexander Bowman | 1,330 | |||
Majority | |||||
Turnout | |||||
Irish Unionist hold | Swing | ||||
See also
References
- ↑ "Usual Resident Population". Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Retrieved 26 January 2015.
- ↑ OPSI SI
- ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ↑ http://www.eoni.org.uk/Elections/Election-results-and-statistics/Election-results-and-statistics-2003-onwards/Elections-2015/UK-Parliamentary-Election-Results/UK-Parliamentary-Election-Result-Belfast-East-(1)
- ↑ http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/general-election-2015/dup-and-uup-agree-general-election-pact-in-four-northern-ireland-constituencies-31075103.html
- ↑ "SDLP rules out nationalist electoral pact". UTV. 18 Mar 2015. Retrieved 22 April 2015.
- 1 2 "Member of Parliament for Belfast North". YourNextMP. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
- ↑ Election 2010: Belfast North, BBC News
- ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ http://www.bbc.co.uk/election97/constituencies/43.htm
- ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
- ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
External links
- BBC News, Election 2005
- BBC News, Vote 2001
- Guardian Unlimited Politics
- Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "B" (part 2)
- http://www.psr.keele.ac.uk/ (Election results from 1951 to the present)
- F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918 – 1949
- F. W. S. Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1950 – 1970
- The Constitutional Year Book For 1912, Conservative Central Office