Bourne Wood

Coordinates: 51°11′28″N 0°46′41″W / 51.191°N 0.778°W / 51.191; -0.778

Mock castle at the Bourne Wood at the end of filming of the film Robin Hood, showing the burnt-out castle gate

Bourne Wood (also known as Bourne Woods) is an area of predominantly coniferous woodland just south of Farnham, Surrey, England and a film location. Locally it was known as the Clumps, and was called this until the forestry commission changed the name in the 1950s when fire breaks were introduced, Charles Darwin may have written about the area in Appendices of Natural Selection-describing the trees in clumps. A promontory (rise) above a large heathland clearing (made for the filming of Gladiator) provides views over the surrounding woodland.^[1] Much of the wood was formerly heathland at the western end of the Greensand Ridge that was developed privately during the 20th century as commercial conifer plantations. This part of the wood has been purchased by the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and is being restored mainly to heath, with retention of some woodland of wildlife significance, as Farnham Heath nature reserve. Their aim is to benefit scarce heathland species such as nightjar, woodlark, Dartford warbler and tree pipit as well as species such as sand lizard.^[2]

Filming

Since 1999, part of Bourne Wood has been frequently used as a location for filming movies, television series and music videos, most notably the opening battle scenes of the film Gladiator. In addition, television adverts for products such as Marmite and IKEA have been filmed at the woods.^[3]

In September 2012 the Forestry Commission announced plans to allow filming to take place in the Bourne Wood for up to eight months a year, noting that the site was a "nationally strategic film industry resource".^[4] In October 2013 Waverley Borough Council planning committee granted permission for filming to be allowed at Bourne Wood for up to six months in one year or eight months over two years, with night filming for no more than seven days a year. Use of helicopters during filming will require additional permission from the council. Temporary structures may not exceed 25 m in height. The decision will be reviewed after five years.^[5]

In chronological order, the following productions have included scenes filmed in the Bourne Wood. All films are feature films unless otherwise stated.

Picture	Title	Release	Set construction and filming	Notes
	It Ain't Half Hot Mum[6]	1974–1981		British sitcom. Jungle scenes were filmed at the Bourne Wood.
	Gladiator[7]	2000	January – February 1999
	The Man Who Cried[7]	2000
	Band of Brothers	2001		Miniseries
	Storm[8]	2001		Short film
	The Scientist	2002		Music video
	Gladiatress[9]	2004
	Children of Men[10]	2006
	The Golden Compass[11]	2007
	Inkheart[12]	2008
	We Call Her Daisy[13]	2008		Short film
	The Descent Part 2[14]	2009
	Harry Potter And The Half-Blood Prince[11]	2009
	Burke & Hare[15]	2010	March 2010
	Robin Hood[11]	2010	May – August 2009
	The Wolfman[16]	2010
	Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1	2010
	Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2	2011
	Captain America: The First Avenger[17]	2011
	War Horse[18]	2011
	Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows[19]	2011
	Dark Shadows[20]	2012	June – July 2011
	Jack the Giant Slayer[21]	2013	January – March 2011
	Snow White & the Huntsman[22]	2012	August – September 2011
	Thor: The Dark World[23]	2013	August – September 2012
	Avengers: Age of Ultron[24]	2015	June – July 2014
	Transformers: The Last Knight[25]	2016	October 2016

Wartime

During the Second World War a searchlight post was established in the woodland, the concrete base of which is marked and still visible today. Three structures were erected by Canadian soldiers in the northernmost section of the woods bordering Dene Lane, consisting of a mess hut and barracks for those manning the searchlight.^[26]Two of these buildings became separate dwellings owned by the Forestry Commission providing accommodation for employees before becoming private houses.

Other

Much of the wood was formerly heathland at the western end of the Greensand Ridge^[27] that was developed privately during the 20th century as commercial conifer plantations.

The headwaters of the Wey (west branch) converging on the town to the north are locally known also as The Bourne, which accordingly has helped to name Lower Bourne, a ward and neighbourhood of Farnham.

Two round tumuli are east and south-east of Forest Cottage in the wood. They are late Bronze Age, 21m and 26m in diameter and 1.7m and 2m high and one has suffered some disturbance in the centre and the south-eastern quadrant. Surrounding the mound is a ditch from which material was quarried during the construction of the monument. This is no longer visible at ground level, having become infilled over the years, and can be seen in a geophysical survey as a buried feature about 3m wide.^[28][29]

References

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