Daimler-Benz DB 600 series

DB 600 series

DB 600A in a Heinkel He 111B nacelle

The Daimler-Benz DB 600 series were a number of German aircraft engines designed and built before and during World War II as part of a new generation of German engine technology. The general layout was that of a liquid-cooled, inverted V12 engine. The design originated to a private venture project of Daimler-Benz, the F4 engine. Most newer DB engine designs used in WW2 were based around this engine. The decision by the RLM to concentrate on manufacturing aircraft engines using fuel injection systems rather than carburetors meant that the DB 600 was quickly superseded by the otherwise similar DB 601 that included direct fuel injection. Later DB series engines grew in bore, stroke, and horsepower, including the DB 603 and DB 605, but were generally similar to the pattern created with the DB 600.

Development

Origins: the F4

Based on the guidelines laid down by the Reichswehrministerium (Imperial Ministry of Defence), in 1929 Daimler-Benz begun development of a new aero engine of the 30-litre class: a liquid-cooled inverted-Vee 12-cylinder piston engine. This became the F4, and by 1931 two prototypes were running on the test bench. These were followed by the improved F4 B, which became the prototype for the DB 600.^[1]

Daimler-Benz DB 600

In 1933, Daimler-Benz finally received a contract to develop its new engine and to build six examples of the DB 600. For the year after, the DB 600 was the only German aero engine in the 30-litre class. In total, 2,281 DB 600s were built.^[1] Unlike the later engines of the DB 600 series, fuel mixture was developed by carburetor.^[1]

Variants:

DB 600 A¹ and B²

Developed in 1934, the A and B variants were identical except for their reduction gear ratios: the former was intended for the Bf 109 single-engine interceptor, the latter variant for the Bf 110 heavy fighter.^[1]

Power at sea level
Kurzleistung (short-term output): 1000 PS PS for 5 minutes
Kampfleistung (combat output): 900 PS PS for 30 minutes
Dauerleistung (continuous output): 900 PS PS, continuous

DB600C¹ and D²

As the A/B, but with supercharger and 13,120 feet (4000 m) rated altitude.^[1]

Power at Sea level
Kurzleistung (short-term output): 950 PS PS for 5 minutes
Power at 13,120 feet (4000 m) rated altitude
Kurzleistung (short-term output): 910 PS PS for 5 minutes
Kampfleistung (combat output): 850 PS PS for 30 minutes
Dauerleistung (continuous output): 800 PS PS, continuous^[1]

DB600G¹ and H²

Developed in 1936, the DB 600G and H offered increased power output, otherwise were similar to the C/D variants.^[1]

Power at Sea level
Startleistung (take-off output): 1050 PS for 1 minutes
Kurzleistung (short-term output): 920 PS PS for 5 minutes
Dauerleistung (continuous output): 775 PS PS, continuous
Power at 13,120 feet (4000 m) rated altitude
Kurzleistung (short-term output): 1050 PS PS for 5 minutes
Dauerleistung (continuous output): 800 PS PS, continuous^[1]

¹ Reduction Gearing = 1.55
² Reduction Gearing = 1.88

Daimler-Benz DB 601

The DB 601 was a development of the DB 600G with direct fuel injection, which permitted better fuel economy, and eliminated the carburetor cutting out the engine during negative G-loads.^[2] The supercharger in the new engine was driven through a stage-less, automatically controlled hydraulic clutch. The supercharger speed was adjusted via the slip in the clutch, controlled by a barometric device. This solution minimized the power loss typical to multispeed superchargers with fixed supercharger gear ratios.

The assembly of the first prototypes began in September 1934, designated as DB 601 V. The first powered flight of a DB 601/0 was in a Ju 52 testbed on 11 June 1936. The first prototype with the direct fuel injection, designated as F4E, was test run in 1935, and an order for 150 engines was placed in February 1937.^[2] Serial production begun in November 1937, and ended in 1943, after 19,000 examples of all types were produced.^[2]

As the previous DB 600s, all DB 601-series had 33.9 litre displacement.^[2] It was installed in the Heinkel He 112 (in 1937), the Heinkel He 111 (1938), the Fieseler Fi 167 (1938), the Messerschmitt Bf 109E (1938) and various experimental types.

References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Mankau&Petrick, 2001. p. 348.
1 2 3 4 Mankau&Petrick, 2001. pp. 347-355

Mankau, Heinz and Peter Petrick. Messerschmitt Bf 110, Me 210, Me 410. Raumfahrt, Germany: Aviatic Verlag, 2001. ISBN 3-925505-62-8.
Neil Gregor Daimler-Benz in the Third Reich. Yale University Press, 1998

External links

Aviation History.com, DB 600 series page

Daimler-Benz aircraft engines

Piston engines	DB 600 DB 601 DB 602 DB 603 DB 604 DB 605 DB 606 DB 607 DB 609 DB 610 DB 612 DB 613 DB 614 DB 616 DB 621 DB 622 DB 627 DB 628 DB 632

Turbofans	109-007 DB 730

Turboprops/Turboshafts	109-021 DB 720 DB 721

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