Det fri Aktuelt
Type | Daily newspaper |
---|---|
Format | Tabloid |
Founder(s) | Louis Pio |
Founded | 1871 |
Political alignment | Social democrat |
Language | Danish |
Ceased publication | April 2001 |
Headquarters | Copenhagen |
Det fri Aktuelt was a Danish language daily newspaper published in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 1871 and 2001. It was the first socialist[1] and the earliest newspaper published by a labor union in the world.[2] In addition, it was the last leading social democrat newspaper in Denmark.[3]
History and profile
The newspaper was established under the name of Socialisten (meaning the Socialist in English)[4] by the cofounder of the Social Democratic party, Louis Pio, in 1871.[5][6] The paper was the organ of the Social Democratic party.[5][7] Its headquarters was in Copenhagen.[8] In the mid-1970s the owner of the paper was A/S FagbevægeIsens Presse, a limited liability company.[9] Then It became owned by the trade union movement until 1987 when it declared its independency and freedom.[6] The paper was published by the Labour Movement Press during its final years.[7]
The paper was published under different names.[5] The original name, Socialisten, was changed into Socialdemokraten in 1874.[4] It was used until 1959 when it began to be published under the name of Aktuelt.[5][10] In 1987 the paper was renamed as Det fri Aktuelt.[5]
Being an official media outlet of the Social Democratic party the paper had a social democrat political leaning.[9][11] In 1881 Emil Wiinblad was appointed editor-in-chief of the paper.[12] At the end of the 1880s it discouraged the immigration of Swede workers to Denmark.[4] However, its attitude towards them totally changed in the 1890s and it supported the right of poor Swede workers to obtain Danish citizenship.[4] The paper followed the decisions taken in the Second International and adopted a positive approach towards labor immigration to the country until World War I.[4] It also supported the immigration of the Russian socialist refugees and Jews to the country from 1905 to the end of World War I.[4]
The Sunday edition of Aktuelt began to be published in tabloid format in 1966.[9] In 1973 the format of the paper was also changed to tabloid.[5] Carsten Jensen was among the contributors.[13][14] As of 1997 Lisbeth Knudsen was the editor-in-chief.[15]
Det fri Aktuelt ceased publication in April 2001.[2][4][16]
The photo archive of the paper is kept in Arbejdermuseet (meaning the Workers' Museum in English).[17][18]
Circulation
In 1901 the circulation of the paper was 42,000 copies.[1] From 1911 to the 1950s the paper had a fixed circulation of 55,000 copies.[5] During the last six months of 1957 its circulation was 39,445 copies on weekdays.[19] The circulation of the paper was 41,000 copies in 1963.[4] During the first half of 1966 the paper sold 39,400 copies.[20] Its circulation was 53,000 copies in 1973 and 54,600 copies in 1983.[4]
The circulation of Det fri Aktuelt was 47,000 copies in 1991, 45,000 copies in 1992,[21] and 41,300 copies in 1993.[4] Its circulation was 40,000 copies in 1994, 39,000 copies in 1995 and 37,000 copies in 1996.[21] It further fell to 36,000 copies in 1997, to 30,000 copies in 1998 and to 28,000 copies in 1999.[21] Its circulation was 26,000 copies both in the first quarter of 2000 and in 2000 as a whole, making it one of the top 20 newspapers in the country.[21][22]
See also
References
- 1 2 Casper Andersen; Hans H. Hjermitslev (2009). "Directing Public Interest: Danish Newspaper Science 1900-1903". Centaurus. 51. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0498.2009.00145.x. Retrieved 15 May 2015.
- 1 2 Georgios Terzis, ed. (2007). European Media Governance: National and Regional Dimensions. Intellect Books. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-84150-192-5. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ Raymond Kuhn; Rasmus Kleis Nielsen, eds. (7 November 2013). Political Journalism in Transition: Western Europe in a Comparative Perspective. I.B.Tauris. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-85773-479-2. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Bent Jensen (2001). "Foreigners in the Danish newspaper debate from the 1870s to the 1990s" (PDF). The Rockwool Foundation Research Unit. Copenhagen. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Bernard A. Cook, ed. (2001). Europe Since 1945: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. p. 302. ISBN 978-0-8153-4057-7. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- 1 2 Alastair H. Thomas (10 May 2010). The A to Z of Denmark. Scarecrow Press. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-8108-7205-9. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- 1 2 Jose L. Alvarez; Carmelo Mazza; Jordi Mur (October 1999). "The management publishing industry in Europe" (Occasional Paper No:99/4). University of Navarra. Retrieved 27 April 2015.
- ↑ Jan M. Olsen (6 November 1994). "Neo-Nazi Migration to Denmark From Germany Stirs Anger, Protests". Los Angeles Times. Kollund. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- 1 2 3 Aage Erhardtsen (May 1978). "Evolution of concentration and competition in the Danish newspaper and magazine sector" (Report). Commission of the European Communities. Brussels. Retrieved 8 March 2015.
- ↑ Bent Jensen (2008). The Unemployed in the Danish Newspaper Debate from the 1840s to the 1990s (PDF). Odense: University Press of Southern Denmark. Retrieved 14 January 2015.
- ↑ Hans Rask Jensen (2001). "Staging Political Consumption". Asia Pacific Advances in Consumer Research. 4. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "Factsheet Denmark" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. January 2007. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ "The World Today". BBC. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "Jensen, Carsten". Baltic Sea Library. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "Information Society: Final Report of the High Level Group of Experts". European Commission. Brussels. 1 July 1997. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ Henrik Søndergaard; Rasmus Helles (29 October 2010). "The case of Denmark". Media policies and regulatory practices in a selected set of European countries, the EU and the Council of Europe (PDF). Athens: The Mediadem Consortium. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "Arbejdermuseet Museum and the Labour Movement Library and Archives". Europeana. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ "The Workers' Museum: Home to History". Digital Meets Culture. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
- ↑ Britt-Mari Persson Blegvad (1964). "Newspapers and Rock and Roll Riots in Copenhagen". Acta Sociologica. 7 (3). JSTOR 4193580.
- ↑ "Daily Newspapers 1966" (PDF). Danmarks Statistik. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 "Culture" (PDF). Danmarks Statistik. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 May 2015. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
- ↑ "The 20 largest daily newspapers 2000" (PDF). Danmarks Statistik. Retrieved 15 February 2015.