Foreign born

For the band, see Foreign Born.

Foreign born (also non-native) people are those born outside of their country of residence. Foreign born are often non-citizens, but many are naturalized citizens of the country that they live in and others are citizens by descent, typically through a parent.

The term foreign born encompasses both immigrants and expatriates but is not synonymous with either. Foreign born may, like immigrants, have committed to living in a country permanently or, like expatriates, live abroad for a significant period with the plan to return to their birth-country eventually.

The status of foreign born — particularly their access to citizenship — differs globally. The large groups of foreign born guest workers in Arab states of the Persian Gulf, for example, have no right to citizenship no matter the length of their residence. In Canada and the United States, by contrast, foreign born are often citizens or in the process of becoming citizens. Certain countries have intermediary rules: in Germany and Japan it is often difficult but not impossible for the foreign born to become citizens.

Further information: Nationality law

The percentage of foreign born in a country is the product mostly of immigration rates, but is also affected by emigration rates and birth and death rates in the destination country. For example, the United Kingdom and Ireland are destination countries for migrants from Eastern Europe, Africa, and Asia, but are themselves source countries for immigration to other Anglosphere countries. The countries with the highest rates of immigration are wealthy countries with relatively open nationality or migration laws including the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, and the Persian Gulf States.

The largest foreign-born population in the world is in the United States, which was home to 39 million foreign-residents in 2012, or 12.6% of the population.[1] The highest percentage of foreign-born residents occurs in small, wealthy countries with large numbers of temporary foreign workers, such as the United Arab Emirates and Qatar, the population of each is, depending on the economy at the time, around 80%.[2] In 2010, the Migration Policy Institute reported that the largest percentages were Qatar (86.5%) and UAE (70%).[3]

Cities with largest foreign born populations

Rank City Country Estimate Source Foreign-Born Population
1New York City United States2014 ACS3,160,471[4]
2London United KingdomONS 20143,082,000[5]
3Toronto CanadaCanada 2011 Census1,512,230
4Los Angeles United States2011 ACS1,489,640
5Houston United States2011 ACS593,412
6Chicago United States2011 ACS579,127
7Montreal CanadaCanada 2011 Census536,738
8Paris FranceINSEE436,576
9San Francisco United States2011 ACS382,463
10San Jose United States2011 ACS378,867
11San Diego United States2011 ACS350,768
12Dallas United States2011 ACS310,142
13Vancouver CanadaCanada 2006 Census260,760[6]
14 Calgary  Canada Canada 2006 Census 252,800[7]
15Milan ItalyIstat 2011236,855[8]
16Birmingham United KingdomONS 2014222,000[5]
17Ottawa CanadaCanada 2006 Census178,545[9]
18Boston United States2010 United States Census167,311
19Washington DC United States2010 United States Census83,429

Metropolitan regions with largest foreign born populations

Rank[10] City Country Foreign-Born Pop
1New York metropolitan area United States5,656,000[11]
2Los Angeles metropolitan area United States4,421,000[11]
3London and Home Counties United Kingdom4,051,502[5]
4Toronto metropolitan area Canada2,794,840[12]
5Hong Kong (SAR) Hong Kong 2,793,450
6Paris metropolitan area France2,429,223[13]
7Miami metropolitan area United States1,949,629
8Sydney Greater Statistical Area Australia1,759,129
9Chicago metropolitan area United States1,625,649
10Singapore (city only) Singapore1,305,011
11San Francisco metropolitan area United States1,201,209
12Melbourne Metropolitan area Australia1,200,000 [14]
13Moscow (city only) Russia1,128,035
14Houston metropolitan area United States1,113,875
15Metropolitan Dubai United Arab Emirates1,056,000
16Riyadh (city only) Saudi Arabia1,054,000
17Washington metropolitan area United States1,017,432
18Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex United States1,016,221

Miscellaneous regions with high percentage of foreign born population

Rank> City Country Percent Largest Source of Immigrants
1Dubai United Arab Emirates82 India  Pakistan
2Brussels, Capital Belgium68 [15] [16]  Italy  France  Morocco  Turkey
3Luxembourg City Luxembourg66 [17] France
4Santa Ana, CA United States53 Mexico
5Daly City, CA United States52 Philippines
6Toronto Canada52* [18] Europe  People's Republic of China  India  Philippines
7Miami United States51 [19] Cuba
8Queens, NY United States48 People's Republic of China /  India
9Muscat Oman45  India
10Singapore Singapore43  Malaysia,  People's Republic of China,  India,  Indonesia
11Vancouver Canada40 Hong Kong
12Geneva  Switzerland39  Portugal[20]
13Auckland New Zealand39  United Kingdom

See also

References

  1. ↑ United States Census Bureau. Current Population Survey - March 2012 Detailed Tables, Table 1.1. Accessed September 6, 2014.
  2. ↑ "UAE flatly rejects citizenship for foreign workers".
  3. ↑ "Data Hub". migrationpolicy.org.
  4. ↑ "Place of Birth by Year of Entry by Citizenship Status for the Foreign-Born Population - Universe: Foreign-born population 2014 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates New York City". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 "Population of the United Kingdom by Country of Birth and Nationality".
  6. ↑ "Community Profiles from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision". statcan.ca. 13 March 2007.
  7. ↑ "Immigration in Canada: A Portrait of the Foreign-born Population, 2006 Census: Portraits of major metropolitan centres". Statistics Canada. 2009-11-20.
  8. ↑ Archived January 5, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
  9. ↑ "Community Profiles from the 2006 Census, Statistics Canada - Census Subdivision". statcan.ca. 13 March 2007.
  10. ↑ "Data Hub". migrationpolicy.org.
  11. 1 2 Jie Zong and Jeanne Batalova (April 14, 2016). "U.S. Immigrant Population by Metropolitan Area". Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved April 23, 2016.
  12. ↑ "2006 Census: Immigration in Canada: A Portrait of the Foreign-born Population, 2006 Census: Immigrants in metropolitan areas: Vast majority of immigrants chose city life". statcan.ca. 4 December 2007.
  13. ↑ INSEE. "Répartition de la population de la France par région de naissance et région de résidence en 2008". Retrieved 2012-01-29.
  14. ↑ http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0main+features102014
  15. ↑ 3.2 Vreemde Afkomst in 2008 3.2.1.
  16. ↑ World Migration Report 2015, Brussels is the second most cosmopolitan city in the world after Dubai
  17. ↑ "Luxemburger Wort". Wort.lu.
  18. ↑ "National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011". statcan.gc.ca.
  19. ↑ "Miami-Dade County QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". census.gov.
  20. ↑ Mémento statistique du canton de Genève 2010, p. 1
  21. ↑ "National Household Survey: Immigration dramatically changing makeup of Toronto and Canada". thestar.com. 8 May 2013.
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