Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt

Frederick I (German: Herzog Friedrich I von Anhalt) (29 April 1831 – 24 January 1904) was a German prince of the house of Ascania who ruled the Duchy of Anhalt from 1871 to 1904.

Early life

Duke Frederick I of Anhalt

Frederick was born in Dessau in 1831 as the third child and only son of Duke Leopold IV of Anhalt-Dessau and his wife Frederica Wilhelmina of Prussia, the daughter of Prince Louis Charles of Prussia.^[1]

He studied in Bonn and Geneva, and in 1851 entered the Prussian military at Potsdam.

In 1863 he became heir to the united Duchy of Anhalt, when his father Leopold IV had inherited all the Anhalt territories following the death of the last Duke of Anhalt-Bernburg.

In 1864, he participated in the Second Schleswig War in the staff of his brother-in-law, Prince Frederic Charles of Prussia, and in 1870-71 in the Franco-Prussian War as Lieutenant General. He was present at the proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors at the Versailles Palace on 18 January 1871.

Reign

Frederick succeeded his father as Duke of Anhalt on 22 May 1871.

On 23 January 1904 he suffered an apoplectic stroke and died the next day at Ballenstedt castle. As his eldest son Leopold had predeceased him, he was succeeded as Duke by his second son who became Frederick II.^[2]

Family

Marriage and issue

He was married on 22 April 1854 at Altenburg to Princess Antoinette of Saxe-Altenburg. She was a daughter of Prince Eduard of Saxe-Altenburg and his wife Princess Amalie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen. They had six children:^[1]

Name	Birth	Death	Notes
Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt	18 July 1855	2 February 1886	married Princess Elisabeth of Hesse-Kassel; had issue
Frederick II, Duke of Anhalt	19 August 1856	22 April 1918	married Princess Marie of Baden, no issue
Princess Elisabeth of Anhalt	7 September 1857	20 July 1933	married Adolf Friedrich V, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz; had issue
Eduard, Duke of Anhalt	18 April 1861	13 September 1918	married Princess Luise of Saxe-Altenburg; had issue
Prince Aribert of Anhalt	18 June 1866	24 December 1933	married Princess Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein, no issue
Princess Alexandra of Anhalt	4 April 1868	26 August 1958	married Sizzo, Prince of Schwarzburg; had issue

Ancestry

Ancestors of Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt

16. Leopold II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau

8. Leopold III, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau

17. Gisela Agnes of Anhalt-Köthen

4. Frederick, Hereditary Prince of Anhalt-Dessau

18. Frederick Henry, Margrave of Brandenburg-Schwedt

9. Margravine Louise of Brandenburg-Schwedt

19. Leopoldine Marie of Anhalt-Dessau

2. Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt

20. Frederick IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg

10. Frederick V, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg

21. Countess Ulrike Louise of Solms-Braunfels

5. Landgravine Amalie of Hesse-Homburg

22. Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

11. Landgravine Caroline of Hesse-Darmstadt

23. Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg

1. Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt

24. Prince Augustus William of Prussia

12. Frederick William II of Prussia

25. Louise Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg

6. Prince Louis Charles of Prussia

26. Louis IX, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt

13. Margravine Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt

27. Countess Palatine Caroline of Zweibrücken

3. Princess Frederica Wilhelmina of Prussia

28. Duke Charles Louis Frederick of Mecklenburg, Prince of Mirow

14. Charles II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg

29. Princess Elizabeth Albertine of Saxe-Hildburghausen

7. Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

30. Landgrave George William of Hesse-Darmstadt

15. Landgravine Friederike of Hesse-Darmstadt

31. Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg

References

1 2 Almanach de Gotha. 1903. pp. 3, 4.
↑ "Duke of Anhalt is dead". New York Times. 1904-01-25. p. 7.

Regnal titles
Frederick I, Duke of Anhalt House of Ascania Born: 29 April 1831 Died: 24 January 1904
Preceded by Leopold IV	Duke of Anhalt 1871-1904	Succeeded by Frederick II

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 232121843 GND: 1019727365

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