Hilton Chicago

The Hilton Chicago is a large centrally-located luxury hotel in Chicago, Illinois, United States. The hotel is a Chicago landmark that overlooks Grant Park, Lake Michigan, and the Museum Campus. It is the third-largest hotel in Chicago by number of guest rooms; however, it has the largest total meeting and event space of any Chicago hotel.^[2] The hotel has housed every president of the United States since its opening in 1927.^[3]

History

The Stevens Hotel

The hotel, designed in the Beaux-Arts architecture style, originally opened in 1927 as the Stevens Hotel, across Balbo Street from the older Blackstone Hotel. At the time, the Stevens was the largest hotel in the world.^[4][5] The hotel was developed by James W. Stevens, his son Ernest, and their family who ran the Illinois Life Insurance Company and owned the Hotel La Salle; James and Ernest Stevens are the grandfather and father, respectively, of former Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens. The Stevens featured 3,000 guest rooms, cost approximately $30 million to construct (more than ten times the cost of Yankee Stadium only few years earlier), and boasted of a virtual "City Within a City". The Stevens housed its own bowling alley, barber shop, rooftop miniature golf course (the "High-Ho Club"), movie theater, ice cream shop, and drug store.^[5] The first registered guest was Vice President Charles G. Dawes.^[6]

The Great Depression ruined the Stevens family, and the State of Illinois charged the hotel's owners with financial corruption. As with four out of five American hotels during the Great Depression, the Stevens Hotel went bankrupt.^[5] The government took the hotel into receivership, and by the late 1930s, it was valued at only $7 million.^[6] The youngest heir of the Stevens family was seven years old when the hotel opened. His legacy as John Paul Stevens would be to serve as a justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

In 1942, the U.S. Army purchased the Stevens Hotel for $6 million for use as barracks and classrooms for the Army Air Force during World War II. The Stevens housed over 10,000 air cadets during this time, who utilized the Grand Ballroom as their mess hall. In January 1944, the War Department closed a deal to sell the property for $4.91 million to a bricklayer turned private businessman named Stephen Healy.^[7]

On 7 December 1944, delegates from 54 nations gathered in the Grand Ballroom of the Stevens Hotel to conclude and sign the Convention on International Civil Aviation, also known more popularly as the ‘Chicago Convention’, the defining international agreement which has since permitted the global civil aviation system to develop peacefully and in a manner benefitting all peoples and nations of the world.

The Conrad Hilton

As World War II drew to a close, Conrad Hilton purchased the hotel from Healy in February 1945.^[8] The board of directors changed the name of the hotel, branding it after Conrad Hilton himself in November 1951.^[9] Conrad continued to use his Hollywood connections to entice film stars, politicians and royalty to the hotel.

Among improvements made to the hotel was the installation of a large ice stage in the Boulevard Room Supper Club which began featuring elaborate ice shows in 1948. In approximately 1960, among the shows was Jinx the skating chimp. The Hilton Center was added to the building in 1962, featuring a three-level structure containing expanded exhibit space, the Continental Ballroom and the International Ballroom.^[10]

In April 1951, crowds gathered in the Great Hall to hear a speech by General Douglas MacArthur defending his conduct of the war in Korea, calling for a new American policy toward the conflict to replace the current "political vacuum".^[11]

During the 1968 Democratic National Convention, the streets outside the Conrad Hilton Hotel were the scene of a battle between Chicago police and antiwar demonstrators. Some protesters escaped into the hotel, along with tear gas and "stink bombs".

Chicago Hilton and Towers

The Conrad Hilton hotel was aging and in the 1970s, its demolition was considered. However, in 1984, the hotel closed for over a year for what was then the most expensive hotel renovation ever undertaken, at $185 million. The hotel's 3,000 guest rooms were rebuilt into 1,544 larger and more elegant rooms; 600 were converted to double-sized rooms with two adjoining bathrooms. The reborn hotel glittered and helped to sustain a revival period in Chicago's South Loop neighborhood. The newly renamed Chicago Hilton and Towers was reopened on October 1, 1985.^[10]

Hilton Chicago

In 1998, under a new initiative by Hilton Hotels Corporation, the Hilton name was placed first in branding, and the Chicago Hilton and Towers became simply "Hilton Chicago".^[12]

Under general manager John G. Wells, the hotel continues its track record of having hosted every U.S. president since it opened in 1927.^[3]

In 2012 the hotel started re-invention with $150 million renovation, including new dining outlets 720 South Bar & Grill, SNAX and Kitty O'Sheas.

The Conrad Hilton Suite

The Hilton Chicago is home to Chicago's largest and most expensive hotel room, which formerly served as the Tower Ballroom. The Conrad Hilton Suite is a 5,000-square-foot (460 m²) suite that encompasses two floors, T3 and T4. The suite costs more than $7,000 per night. Refurbished in 2013, the suite includes 16-foot lakeview windows, a baby grand piano, a billiard table, three balconies, three bedrooms on the lower level - each with multiple flat screen televisions, and a helipad.^[13] It has hosted famous guests such as Tony Blair, Jay Blunk, Frank Sinatra, dairy magnate Conor McHale, John Travolta and Hu Jintao.^[4][14]

Appearances in popular culture

The Hilton Chicago has been featured in many prominent movies^[3][15] and TV shows including:

• Little Fockers (2010)
• The Express (2008)
• Road to Perdition (2002)
• Unconditional Love (2002)
• Love and Action in Chicago (1999)
• U.S. Marshals (1998)
• My Best Friend's Wedding (1997)
• Primal Fear (1996)
• E.R. (TV series)^[16] (1994–2009)
• The Fugitive (1993)
• The Package (1989)

The Hilton Chicago is home to the Normandie Lounge, a promenade that was created from panels and furniture from the famed French Line ocean liner, SS Normandie.

In Bernard Malamud's The Natural, Harriet Bird shoots Roy Hobbs in a room at the Stevens Hotel.^[17]

References

External links

• Hilton Chicago official website
• Hotel website

Coordinates: 41°52′21″N 87°37′27.7″W / 41.87250°N 87.624361°W / 41.87250; -87.624361