Ice hockey at the 1936 Winter Olympics

Ice hockey at the 1936 Winter Olympics
Tournament details
Host country  Germany
Dates 19–27 January
Teams 15
Venue(s) Große Olympiaschanze, Riessersee (in 1 host city)
Final positions
Champions   Great Britain (1st title)
Runner-up   Canada
Third place   United States
Fourth place  Czechoslovakia
Tournament statistics
Matches played 37
Goals scored 165 (4.46 per match)
Scoring leader(s) Canada Hugh Farquharson 10 goals.

The men's ice hockey tournament (women's was added in 1998) at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, was the 5th Olympic Championship, also serving as the 10th World Championships and the 21st European Championships.

The British national ice hockey team pulled off a major upset when they won the gold medal, marking a number of firsts in international ice hockey competition. Great Britain made history as the first team ever to win an Olympic, World, and European (its second) Championships and the first to win all three in the same year.[1] They were the first team to stop Canada from winning the Olympic ice hockey gold, following Canada's four consecutive gold medals. Great Britain also became the first European nation to win the World Championships, following eight wins by Canada and one by the United States.

Tournament summary

In previous Olympics, the British team had finished third (1924), and fourth (1928) but with teams that were, "largely composed of Canadian Army officers and university graduates living in the U.K."[1] It was decided that their team must be British-born this time, and while only one player on the team was born in Canada, nine of the thirteen players on the roster grew up in Canada, and eleven had played previously in Canada.[1] The CAHA, upon discovering that the rosters of the British and French teams were made up of primarily Canadians, whom they believed were ineligible, lodged a protest, and suspended the players in question.[1][2] As a result, the IIHF voted unanimously to ban Alex Archer and James Foster, however before tournament play began, Canada withdrew their protest.[3] Still unhappy with the state of affairs were the Americans, who believed the rules were not being followed,[3] and the French who were very angry that Canada did not repeal their protest with them.[2]

The tournament itself featured very close play for the medals. It was played in three rounds beginning with four groups, where the two best teams of each group moved on to two groups of four, where again the two best moved on to a final round robin group of four, to determine the medals. In the first round the Italians pulled off a major upset by beating the USA two to one, though USA would still advance to the second round.[1]

The second major upset occurred in the semi-finals, when Britain's Edgar Brenchley scored late in the third to defeat Canada two to one, setting up the eventual gold medal outcome. The format at these Olympics was to have head-to-head results from the semi-finals carried forward, so that the finals could be a four team round robin with only two additional games per team. The British team's shock victory over the Canadians, plus the win by USA over Czechoslovakia, both counted in the tables for the final round.[1] In the final round, the British team beat Czechoslovakia. then played six scoreless periods against USA before the game was called a tie, ensuring a silver or gold for the British. In the tournament's final game, Canada could win silver, and Britain gold, if Canada defeated USA, while the Americans could still achieve gold in a variety of tie-breaking scenarios. The Americans were very tired from the marathon scoreless tie, and lost one to nothing.

Another story of this Olympic hockey tournament was the participation of Rudi Ball. The Nazi leadership allowed this top player to lead their hockey team at these German hosted Olympics, making him the only Jew to represent Germany at these Olympic games.[3]

Medalists

Gold Silver Bronze
 Great Britain (GBR)
Carl Erhardt (Captain)
James Foster
Gordon Dailley
Archibald Stinchcombe
Edgar Brenchley
John Coward
James Chappell
Alexander Archer
Gerry Davey
James Borland
Robert Wyman
Jack Kilpatrick
Arthur Child		  Canada (CAN)
Francis Moore
Arthur Nash
Herman Murray
Walter Kitchen
Raymond Milton
David Neville
Kenneth Farmer
Hugh Farquharson
Maxwell Deacon
Alexander Sinclair
Bill Thomson
James Haggarty
Ralph St. Germain		  United States (USA)
Thomas Moone
Francis Shaughnessy
Philip LaBatte
Frank Stubbs
John Garrison
Paul Rowe
John Lax
Gordon Smith
Elbridge Ross
Francis Spain
August Kammer

First round

Top two teams in each group advanced to Second Round

Group A

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Canada 33002436
 Austria 32011174
 Poland 310211122
 Latvia 30033270
6 February  Canada 8-1
(5-0,2-1,1-0)		 Poland
7 February  Canada 11-0
(2-0,3-0,6-0)		 Latvia
7 February  Austria 2-1
(0-0,0-0,2-1)		 Poland
8 February  Canada 5-2
(4-0,1-2,0-0)		 Austria
8 February  Poland 9-2
(1-0,4-0,4-2)		 Latvia
9 February  Austria 7-1
(4-0,0-0,3-1)		 Latvia

Group B

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Germany 3201514
 United States 3201524
 Italy 3102252
  Switzerland 3102152
6 February  Germany 0-1
(0-1,0-0,0-0) 		 United States
7 February  United States 3-0
(0-0,3-0,0-0) 		  Switzerland
7 February  Germany 3-0
(1-0,1-0,1-0) 		 Italy
8 February  Germany 2-0
(0-0,1-0,1-0) 		  Switzerland
8 February  United States 1-2
(0-0,0-0,1-1,0-0,0-1)		 Italy
9 February   Switzerland 1-0
(0-0,1-0,0-0) 		 Italy

Group C

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Czechoslovakia 33001006
 Hungary 32011454
 France 3102472
 Belgium 30034200
6 February  Hungary 11-2
(1-1,2-0,8-1)		 Belgium
7 February  Czechoslovakia 5-0
(0-0,4-0,1-0)		 Belgium
7 February  Hungary 3-0
(0-0,1-0,2-0)		 France
8 February  Czechoslovakia 3-0
(1-0,1-0,1-0)		 Hungary
8 February  France 4-2
(1-0,0-1,0-0,1-1,2-0)		 Belgium
9 February  Czechoslovakia 2-0
(0-0,1-0,1-0)		 France

Group D

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Great Britain 2200404
 Sweden 2101212
 Japan 2002050
6 February  Great Britain 1-0
(1-0,0-0,0-0)		 Sweden
7 February  Great Britain 3-0
(2-0,0-0,1-0)		 Japan
8 February  Sweden 2-0
(1-0,1-0,0-0)		 Japan

Second round

Top two teams in each group advanced to Final Round.

Group A

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Great Britain 3210835
 Canada 32012244
 Germany 3111583
 Hungary 30032220
11 February  Germany 2-1
(0-0,1-0,1-1)		 Hungary
11 February  Great Britain 2-1
(1-1,0-0,1-0)		 Canada
12 February  Germany 1-1
(0-0,0-1,1-0,0-0)		 Great Britain
12 February  Canada 15-0
(3-0,9-0,3-0)		 Hungary
13 February  Great Britain 5-1
(1-0,3-1,1-0)		 Hungary
13 February  Germany 2-6
(0-1,0-3,2-2)		 Canada

Group B

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 United States 3300516
 Czechoslovakia 3201644
 Sweden 3102362
 Austria 3003140
11 February  United States 2-0
(0-0,2-0,0-0)		 Czechoslovakia
11 February  Sweden 1-0
(1-0,0-0,0-0)		 Austria
12 February  United States 1-0
(0-0,1-0,0-0)		 Austria
12 February  Czechoslovakia 4-1
(0-1,2-0,2-0)		 Sweden
13 February  United States 2-1
(0-0,1-1,1-0)		 Sweden
13 February  Czechoslovakia 2-1
(0-0,2-1,0-0)		 Austria

Final round

Pld W T L GF GA Pts
 Great Britain 3210715
 Canada 3201924
 United States 3111213
 Czechoslovakia 30030140
11 February  Great Britain 2-1
(1-1, 0-0, 1-0)		  Canada
11 February  United States 2-0
(0-0, 2-0, 0-0)		  Czechoslovakia
14 February  Great Britain 5-0
(2-0,3-0,0-0)		 Czechoslovakia
15 February  Canada 7-0
(3-0,3-0,1-0)		 Czechoslovakia
15 February  Great Britain 0-0
(0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0,0-0)		 United States
16 February  Canada 1-0
(1-0,0-0,0-0)		  United States

N.B. - Tournament rules stated that relevant results from the semi-final round would be carried over to the final round. After the semi-final round, the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association and the German organizers appealed against this rule and asked that in the final stage all four teams should play each other with the semi-final results ignored. This appeal was overwhelmingly rejected by the Olympic authorities. Thus, the 11 February games of Canada vs. Great Britain and the United States vs. Czechoslovakia were counted as games in the final round, hence their replication in both tables.

Final ranking

 Great Britain
 Canada
 United States
4  Czechoslovakia
5  Germany
5  Sweden
7  Austria
7  Hungary
9  Italy
9  France
9  Japan
9  Poland
13  Belgium
13  Latvia
13   Switzerland

European Championship medal table

 Great Britain
 Czechoslovakia
 Germany
 Sweden
5  Austria
5  Hungary
7  France
7  Italy
7  Poland
10  Belgium
10  Latvia
10   Switzerland

Top scorer

Team GP G A Pts
Canada Hugh Farquharson 810–10

There is some disagreement as to the totals of Farquharson, both the IOC and IIHF maintain that he scored ten goals. Assist totals were not officially tabulated at the time, and sources indicate anywhere from five to ten.[4][5]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Duplacey p. 459
  2. 1 2 Tournament summary
  3. 1 2 3 Wallechinsky p. 609
  4. ↑ Podnieks pg. 403
  5. ↑ Official games report from la84.org, pgs 107–21
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