Yugoslav Railways

Yugoslav Railways
Jugoslavenske željeznice /
Југословенске железнице
Jugoslovenske železnice /
Jugoslovanske železnice
Југословенски железници

Type	Government-owned
Industry	Rail Transport
Founded	1918
Headquarters	Belgrade, SFR Yugoslavia
Products	Rail transport, rail infrastructure

Yugoslav Railways (Croatian: Jugoslavenske željeznice; Macedonian: Југословенски железници, Jugoslovenski železnici; Serbian: Југословенске железнице, Jugoslovenske železnice; Slovene: Jugoslovanske železnice), with standard acronym JŽ (ЈЖ in Cyrillic), was the state railway company of Yugoslavia, operational from the 1920s to the 1990s.

History

Railway map of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

The company was first founded as the National Railways of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes by incorporating the already existing railroad companies. In 1929, it was renamed along with the country to Yugoslav State Railways (JDŽ). In 1941 the railway ceased to exist and two new railway companies were created: Croatian State Railways (HDŽ) and Serbian State Railways (SDŽ). The railway was reestablished after World War II. In 1952 it was renamed to Yugoslav Railways.

It ceased to exist after the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s. Several successor companies were formed from the assets of the railway:

Željeznica Crne Gore (ŽCG) - Montenegro
Hrvatske željeznice (HŽ) - Croatia
Željeznice Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (ŽFBiH) - Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Željeznice Republike Srpske (ŽRS) - Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Makedonski Železnici (MŽ) - Macedonia
Slovenske železnice (SŽ) Slovenia
Železnice Srbije (ŽS) - Serbia
Hekurudhat e Kosovës - Kosovo

Rolling stock

In its beginnings, the JŽ was using mostly Austrian and Hungarian-made steam locomotives. Electric and diesel locomotives were introduced in number from the 1960s onwards; electric locomotives were acquired from Ansaldo (Italy); Alsthom, ASEA also supplied some classes, and locomotives were also license built in Croatia and at Electroputere in Romania; in the 1980s the indigenous AC electric JŽ series 442 was developed by Rade Koncar.^[1]

Most of the mainline diesel locomotives were from GM-EMD with a substantial number of Brissonneau et Lotz designs (some license built by Đuro Đaković). Shunters were acquired from MAVAG, and Jenbacher werke, and also license built by Đuro Đaković. The railway also operated locomotives from the Lyudinov works, Russia, ex-DB V60 shunters (Germany) and high power Krauss-Maffei ML 2200 C'C' type.^[1]

Railcars, EMUs, and DMUs were sourced from Spain, Italy, Hungary and Germany from a variety of manufacturers.^[1]

Classification system

A new numbering system was tried for the new standard locomotives built from 1930. All locomotives were renumbered by 1935, which was valid for steam engines.

The locomotives on the 760 mm (2 ft 5 ¹⁵⁄₁₆ in) Bosnian gauge were classified 70-98 and for the 600 mm (1 ft 11 ⁵⁄₈ in) gauge 99.2, 99.3 and 99.4.^[2]

A three plus three digit class designation system was used from the late 1950s - the first digit indicated the power type of vehicle: 3 indicated a 3 kV DC locomotive; 4, a 25 kV AC loco; 6 diesel electric; 7 diesel hydraulic; 8 diesel mechanical and 9 an infrastructure or works vehicle. The second digit indicated the vehicles gauge and axle arrangement: 0, a narrow gauge railcar; 1, a standard gauge railcar; numbers 2 to 6 indicated a locomotive with that number of driving axles. The third digit indicated different classes within the type description. The fourth digit indicated class subtypes, and the last two digits the vehicle number (starting at 01).^[1]

Locomotives and railcar classes

Rolling stock of the Yugoslav Railways

Steam locomotives	JŽ 01 JŽ 02 JŽ 03 JŽ 04 JŽ 05 JŽ 06 JŽ 07 JŽ 08 JŽ 09 JŽ 10 JŽ 11 JŽ 16 JŽ 17 JŽ 18 JŽ 20 JŽ 21 JŽ 22 JŽ 23 JŽ 24 JŽ 25 JŽ 26 JŽ 27 JŽ 28 JŽ 29 JŽ 30 JŽ 31 JŽ 32 JŽ 33 JŽ 35 JŽ 36 JŽ 37 JŽ 38 JŽ 50 JŽ 51 JŽ 52 JŽ 53 JŽ 60 JŽ 61 JŽ 62 JŽ 73 JŽ 83 JŽ 85 JŽ 99 JŽ 101 JŽ 102 JŽ 103 JŽ 104 JŽ 105 JŽ 106 JŽ 107 JŽ 108 JŽ 109 JŽ 110 JŽ 111 JŽ 112 JŽ 113 JŽ 114 JŽ 115 JŽ 116 JŽ 117 JŽ 118 JŽ 120 JŽ 121 JŽ 122 JŽ 123 JŽ 124 JŽ 125 JŽ 126 JŽ 127 JŽ 128 JŽ 129 JŽ 130 JŽ 131 JŽ 132 JŽ 133 JŽ 134 JŽ 135 JŽ 136 JŽ 137 JŽ 138 JŽ 139 JŽ 140 JŽ 141 JŽ 142 JŽ 143 JŽ 144 JŽ 145 JŽ 146 JŽ 147 JŽ 148 JŽ 150´ JŽ 150´´ JŽ 151 JŽ 152 JŽ 153 JŽ 154 JŽ 155´ JŽ 155´´ JŽ 156 JŽ 157 JŽ 158 JŽ 159 JŽ 160 JŽ 161 JŽ 162 JŽ 163

Electric locomotives	JŽ 341 JŽ 342 JŽ 361 JŽ 362 JŽ 363 JŽ 441 JŽ 442 JŽ 443 JŽ 444 JŽ 461 JŽ 462

Diesel locomotives	JŽ 641 JŽ 642 JŽ 643 JŽ 644 JŽ 645 JŽ 646 JŽ 661 JŽ 662 JŽ 663 JŽ 664 JŽ 665 JŽ 666 JŽ 667 JŽ 720 JŽ 731 JŽ 732 JŽ 733 JŽ 734 JŽ 741 JŽ 742 JŽ 743 JŽ 744 JŽ 761

Electric multiple units	JŽ 310 JŽ 311 JŽ 312 JŽ 314 JŽ 410 JŽ 411 JŽ 412

Diesel multiple units	JŽ 610 JŽ 611 JŽ 710 JŽ 711 JŽ 712 JŽ 713 JŽ 801 JŽ 802 JŽ 811 JŽ 812

Works vehicles	JŽ 813

References

1 2 3 4 Theo Stolz; Christophe Stolz (eds.), "Die Aufteilung des JŽ-Triebfahrzeugparkes", www.le-rail.ch (in German)
↑ Halliwell, C.J. (1973). The Locomotives of Jugoslavia. Malmö, Sweden: Frank Stenvalls Förlag. pp. 13–14. ISBN 91-7266-012-0.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jugoslovenske železnice.

Frank Válóczy (ed.), Railways of the former Yugoslavia, archived from the original on 26 October 2009
Winchester, Clarence, ed. (1936), "In central Europe", Railway Wonders of the World, pp. 1454–1463 illustrated description of the railways of Yugoslavia in the 1930s.

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