James Clyman

James or Jim Clyman (February 1, 1792 – December 27, 1881) was a mountain man and an explorer and guide in the American Far West.

Early life

James Clyman was born on a farm that belonged to George Washington in Fauquier County, Virginia, in 1792. Clyman's family started to migrate from place to place when Clyman was 15, moving from Virginia to Pennsylvania, and then to Ohio. In 1811, his family decided to settle in Stark County, Ohio. In 1812, Clyman became a ranger to fight the Shawnee Indians in the War of 1812. After the war, he took up farming in Indiana, where he also traded with local Indians. In 1821, he became a surveyor working near the Little Vermilion River in Illinois. He was hired by a son of Alexander Hamilton, who was running government surveys, to make travels along the Sangamon River.

Mountain Man

While collecting his pay in Saint Louis in 1823, he met William H. Ashley, and joined Ashley's 1823 expedition.

James Clyman was with Ashley's men from 1823 to 1827. He fought in the Arikara War in 1823. Clyman traveled with Jedediah Smith, whose scalp and ear he sewed back on following a savage grizzly bear mauling, and Thomas Fitzpatrick in the discovery of the South Pass.^[1] He also was a member of the party of four that paddled around the Great Salt Lake and put to rest the myth of the Buenaventura River.

After his explorations, he bought a farm, near Danville, Vermilion County, Illinois and set up a store there. Then, the Blackhawk War broke out and Clyman joined the fight.

After the war, he traveled back West and crossed the Great Salt Lake Desert and the Sierra Nevada. On his way back, he encountered the Donner-Reed Party and accompanying parties and advised them to avoid the shortcut and remain on the regular route. They did not heed his warning and ended up resorting to cannibalism after becoming stranded and trapped by an early blizzard in the Sierra Nevada.

In 1848, Clyman settled in the Napa Valley. He died there in 1881 and was buried in the Tulocay Cemetery in Napa, California.^[2]

References

Sources

• DeVoto, Bernard The Year of Decision: 1846 Boston: Little, Brown, 1943.
• Morgan, Dale L. Jedediah Smith and the Opening of the American West. University of Nebraska Press, 1964.
• Stone, Irving. Men to Match my Mountains. New York, 1956.