Jinan dialect

Jinan dialect
濟南話
Native to	Urban Jinan in the People's Republic of China
Region	Northeastern China
Language family	Sino-Tibetan Chinese Mandarin Ji-Lu Mandarin Jinan dialect
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	None

Jinan dialect (simplified Chinese: 济南话; traditional Chinese: 濟南話; pinyin: jǐnánhuà) is Mandarin Chinese dialect spoken in Jinan in Shandong province.

Phonetics and Phonology

Consonants of the Jinan dialect
		Labial	Alveolar	Alveolo-palatal	Retroflex	Velar
Nasal		m	n	ɲ		ŋ
Plosive	voiceless unaspirated	p	t			k
Plosive	voiceless aspirated	pʰ	tʰ			kʰ
Affricate	voiceless unaspirated		ts	tɕ	tʂ
Affricate	voiceless aspirated		tsʰ	tɕʰ	tʂʰ
Fricative	voiced				ʐ
Fricative	voiceless	f	s	ɕ	ʂ	x
Approximant			l

Tone chart of the Jinan dialect
Tone number	Tone name	Tone contour	Description
1	yin ping (陰平)	˨˩˧ (213)	dipping
2	yang ping (陽平)	˥ (5)	high
3	shang sheng (上聲)	˨˦ (24)	rising
4	qu sheng (去聲)	˨˩ (21)	low

Běijīng dàxué zhōngguóyǔyánwénxuéxì yǔyánxué jiàoyánshì. (1989) Hànyǔ fāngyīn zìhuì. Běijīng: Wénzìgǎigé chūbǎnshè.(北京大學中國語言文學系語言學教研室. 1989. 漢語方音字匯. 北京: 文字改革出版社)
Norman, Jerry. [1988] (2002). Chinese. Cambridge, England: CUP ISBN 0-521-29653-6
Yuán, jiāhuá (1989). Hànyǔ fāngyán gàiyào (An introduction to Chinese dialects). Beijing, China: Wénzì gǎigé chūbǎnshè. (袁家驊. 1989. 漢語方言概要. 北京:文字改革出版社.)

Eastern	Fuzhou Fuqing Fu'an Manjiang

Southern	Hokkien Quanzhou Zhangzhou Amoy Taiwanese Philippine Hokkien Medan Hokkien Penang Hokkien Singaporean Hokkien Southern Peninsular Malaysian Hokkien Zhenan Longyan Teochew Shantou Haifeng Zhongshan Nanlang Sanxiang

other	Northern Jian'ou Jianyang Central Pu–Xian Shao–Jiang Leizhou Zhanjiang Hainan

Proposed

Unclassified

Phonology

Literary forms

Official	Classical Adoption in Vietnam Vernacular

Other varieties of Chinese	Written Cantonese Written Dungan Written Hokkien Written Sichuanese

Standard	Simplified Traditional

Historical	Oracle bone Bronze Seal Clerical Semi-cursive Cursive

Braille	Cantonese Braille Mainland Chinese Braille Taiwanese Braille Two-Cell Chinese Braille

Other	Romanization Pinyin Wade–Giles Bopomofo Xiao'erjing Nüshu Chinese punctuation Taiwanese kana Dungan Cyrillic

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