Kirsten Heiberg
| Kirsten Heiberg | |
|---|---|
 Kirsten Heiberg, between 1930–1935 | |
| Born |
25 April 1907 Kragerø, Telemark, Norway |
| Died |
2 March 1976 (aged 68) Oslo, Norway |
| Years active | 1929-1970s |
| Spouse(s) | Franz Grothe (1938-death) |
| Website | www.kirsten-heiberg.com |
Kirsten Heiberg (25 April 1907 – 2 March 1976) was a Norwegian actress and singer who had a major film career in Germany between 1938 and 1954. She reached the peak of her career in 1942-43, performing in Joseph Goebbels' version of Titanic. After the war she was given a two-year ban by the Allies due to her role in the Nazi propaganda.[1] In Norway she was never punished, as she was a German citizen.[2]
Biography
Heiberg grew up in the towns Kragerø, Kongsberg and Oslo, and studied in Lausanne, Dijon and Paris. Later, she studied English in Oxford, England.
She made her debut at Den Nationale Scene in Bergen in 1929, and in the 1930s at the Carl Johan-Teatret and Scala Revyteater in Oslo. Kirsten Heiberg also performed in several Norwegian and Swedish films in the early 1930s and had her breakthrough in the comedy Han, hon och pengarna ("He, she and the money") in 1936. After guest appearances in the operetta revue "Pam-Pam" at Theater an der Wien in 1937, she began a career in Germany both as a film actress and recording artist. She became a significant actress in the German film industry and The Third Reich's femme fatale - the "new Marlene Dietrich". In Vienna, she met the composer Franz Grothe, who was a member of the NSDAP[3] They married in Oslo in 1938 and moved to Berlin.
Kirsten Heiberg made her German film debut in Curt Goetz' Napoleon ist an allem Schuld, and a row of films followed, among others: Frauen für Golden Hill (1938), Achtung! Feind hört mit! (1940) and Titanic (1942–43).
Kirsten Heiberg was also very active in the German welfare for the troops (Truppenbetreuung), traveling around the country, also abroad, singing for the German soldiers.[4]
Kirsten Heiberg claimed after the war that she was black listed by German Nazi authorities for not joining the NSDAP, and that she spent two years without work. However, there is no evidence in German archive sources to prove this. On the contrary, Kirsten Heiberg's name can be found on the salary lists of the German film industry every year from April 1940, when she got her Reichsfilmkammer membership, until 1945.[5] Kirsten Heiberg was also, since April 1939, a member of the Kameradschaft der deutschen Künstler, an organisation for artists founded by the SS member Benno von Arent in 1933.[6] Both Goebbels and Hermann Göring were honorable members.
Kirsten Heiberg continued to act in the German Nazi propaganda until she left Berlin with her husband Franz Grothe at the end of April 1945.
In 1946 she dubbed Marlene Dietrich in the German version of the French picture Martin Roumaniac.
She was the sister of actress Else Heiberg.
After World War II
Back in Norway after the war, she met great difficulty in finding roles due to her time in Germany during the war. However, she was not arrested by the Norwegians since she still was a German citizen, her marriage to Franz Grothe having not been formally annulled.[7] In Germany, she was seen in four films after the war. In Trondheim, she got an engagement as a resident at Trøndelag Teater 1952–60, acting in operettas, comedies, and serious classics and modern dramas. She also sporadically appeared at the Oslo scene in the 1960s and 70s, but she faced a boycott in Oslo, and never again was given a steady job at any theatre or film company.[8]
Legacy
On 15 August 2008, the premiere was held of the monologue "Glamour for Goebbels" at Haugesund Teater as part of the film festival. Elsa Aanensen performed as Kirsten Heiberg. Øyvind Osmo Eriksen was the instructor for the performance, and Halvor Lillesund was pianist. On 14 May 2009, the play moved to Det Åpne Teater in Oslo.
Film clips and music were integrated in the monologue. It contained film of Aanensen as Kirsten Heiberg, but no clips from her old films were used. "Glamour for Goebbels" mostly dealt with Heiberg's time in Berlin, where she lived a glamorous lifestyle.[9]
In November 2014, Bjørn-Erik Hanssen's historical biography Glamour for Goebbels was published by Aschehoug Publishing House, Oslo, based on four years of studies in Norwegian and German archives.
Filmography and discography
Filmography
Discography
|
Literature
Glamour for Goebbels (2014) by Bjørn-Erik Hanssen[10]
References
- ↑ Bjørn-Erik Hanssen: Glamour for Goebbels Aschehoug Publishing House, Oslo 2014, p. 343
- ↑ Adresseavisen: Nazisten på Trøndelag Teater 2009, http://www.adressa.no/meninger/article1305752.ece
- ↑ Copy of Franz Grothe's membership book in the NSDAP, Bundesarchiv Lichterfelde, Berlin.
- ↑ Referred by Heiberg herself in a radio interview in December 1940. Norwegian Broadcasting archive, program dated 22. of December 1940.
- ↑ Bjørn-Erik Hanssen: Glamour for Goebbels Aschehoug Publishing House, Oslo 2014, p. 475
- ↑ Mitgliederverzeichnis (Membership list) KddK, August 1940, Deutsches Nationalbibliothek, Leipzig.
- ↑ Bjørn-Erik Hanssen: Glamour for Goebbels, Aschehoug Publishing House, Oslo 2014, p. 369
- ↑ Bjørn-Erik Hanssen: Glamour for Goebbels, Aschehoug Publishing House, Oslo 2014, p. 452
- ↑ Glamour for Goebbels, en norsk skuespillerinne i tysk film, program sheet at Det Åpne Teater, Oslo 2008.
- ↑ Rannveig Korneliussen: Nazistenes norske yndling Magasinet/Dagbladet 2015-05-02, p. 49
External links
- Author Bjørn-Erik Hanssen's website on Kirsten Heiberg
- Article on Kirsten Heiberg in Aftenposten
- "Nazi at Trøndelag Teater", Adresseavisen, 8 April 2009