List of Navy Midshipmen bowl games

An American football player in uniform points to the sky in rainy conditions under stadium lights.
A player celebrates after the Midshipmen win the 2004 Emerald Bowl.

The Navy Midshipmen football team represents the United States Naval Academy as an independent school in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS). The Midshipmen have played in 20 post-season bowl games and have a record of nine wins, ten losses, and one tie.[1]

Prior to the school's first true bowl game, a team of Navy players from Naval Station Great Lakes played in the 1919 Rose Bowl; however, that game during World War I was not a true college football game, since it drew teams from the armed services personnel.[2] Navy's first post-season bowl game was at the conclusion of the 1923 college football season, when they played the Washington Huskies in the 1924 Rose Bowl. During the Great Depression in 1930 and 1931, the Midshipmen played the Army Cadets before large crowds at Yankee Stadium (1923) in postseason charity games, with Army winning both contests.[3]

With the exception of the 1942 season, Navy finished each season between 1941 and 1945 ranked in the top ten teams in the Associated Press College Poll, but did not play in a bowl game. The Midshipmen ranked in the top five teams in the Associated Press poll after the 1954, 1957, 1960, and 1963 college football seasons,[4] and played in the 1955 Sugar Bowl, the 1958 Cotton Bowl Classic, the 1961 Orange Bowl, and the 1964 Cotton Bowl Classic, respectively. At its second appearance at the Cotton Bowl Classic, Heisman Trophy winner Roger Staubach led the Midshipmen against the undefeated Texas Longhorns in a 28–6 loss.[5]

After coach Wayne Hardin's departure in 1964, the Midshipmen did not play in a bowl game until the inaugural edition of the Holiday Bowl in 1978. After sporadic bowl game appearances in the 1980s and 90s, Navy hired coach Paul Johnson in 2002. Using an updated form of the triple option offense, Johnson led the team to five straight bowl appearances between 2002 and 2006. Two weeks prior to the 2007 Poinsettia Bowl, Johnson left Navy to coach the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. He was replaced by Ken Niumatalolo, who has led the team to bowl games in six out of the last seven seasons. Most recently, the Midshipmen won the 2015 Military Bowl against the Pittsburgh Panthers. Navy became a football-only member of the American Athletic Conference (formerly the Big East Conference) in 2015.[6] Among the conference's bowl game tie-ins will be the Military Bowl, which moved to Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium beginning in 2013.[7]

Key

General
† Attendance record
‡ Former attendance record
* De facto national championship game
Results
W Win
L Loss
T Tie

Bowl games

List of bowl games showing bowl played in, score, date, season, opponent, stadium, location, attendance and head coach[B 1]
# Bowl[9] Score[B 2] Date Season[B 3] Opponent[B 4] Stadium Location Attendance[10] Head coach
1 Rose Bowl T 14–14 January 1, 1924 1923 Washington Huskies Rose Bowl (stadium) Pasadena 40,000 Folwell, BobBob Folwell
2 Sugar Bowl W 21–0 January 1, 1955 1954 Ole Miss Rebels Tulane Stadium New Orleans 83,000 Erdelatz, EddieEddie Erdelatz
3 Cotton Bowl Classic W 20–7 January 1, 1958 1957 Rice Owls Cotton Bowl Dallas 75,500 Erdelatz, EddieEddie Erdelatz
4 Orange Bowl L 21–14 January 2, 1961 1960 Missouri Tigers Miami Orange Bowl Miami 71,218 Hardin, WayneWayne Hardin
5 Cotton Bowl Classic* L 6–28 January 1, 1964 1963 Texas Longhorns Cotton Bowl Dallas 75,504 Hardin, WayneWayne Hardin
6 Holiday Bowl W 23–16 December 22, 1978 1978 BYU Cougars San Diego Stadium San Diego 52,500double-dagger[B 5] Welsh, GeorgeGeorge Welsh
7 Garden State Bowl L 0–35 December 14, 1980 1980 Houston Cougars Giants Stadium East Rutherford 41,417dagger[B 6] Welsh, GeorgeGeorge Welsh
8 Liberty Bowl L 28–31 December 30, 1981 1981 Ohio State Buckeyes Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium Memphis 43,216 Welsh, GeorgeGeorge Welsh
9 Aloha Bowl W 42–38 December 25, 1996 1996 California Golden Bears Aloha Stadium Honolulu 30,411 Weatherbie, CharlieCharlie Weatherbie
10 Houston Bowl L 14–38 December 30, 2003 2003 Texas Tech Red Raiders Reliant Stadium Houston 51,068 Johnson, PaulPaul Johnson
11 Emerald Bowl W 34–19 December 30, 2004 2004 New Mexico Lobos SBC Park San Francisco 30,563double-dagger[B 7] Johnson, PaulPaul Johnson
12 Poinsettia Bowl W 51–30 December 22, 2005 2005 Colorado State Rams Qualcomm Stadium San Diego 36,842double-dagger[B 8] Johnson, PaulPaul Johnson
13 Meineke Car Care Bowl L 24–25 December 30, 2006 2006 Boston College Eagles Bank of America Stadium Charlotte 52,303 Johnson, PaulPaul Johnson
14 Poinsettia Bowl L 32–35 December 20, 2007 2007 Utah Utes Qualcomm Stadium San Diego 39,129double-dagger Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo[B 9]
15 EagleBank Bowl L 19–29 December 20, 2008 2008 Wake Forest Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium Washington, D.C. 28,777double-dagger[B 10] Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
16 Texas Bowl W 35–13 December 31, 2009 2009 Missouri Tigers Reliant Stadium Houston 69,441dagger Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
17 Poinsettia Bowl L 14–35 December 23, 2010 2010 San Diego State Aztecs Qualcomm Stadium San Diego 48,049dagger Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
18 Fight Hunger Bowl L 28–62 December 29, 2012 2012 Arizona State Sun Devils AT&T Park San Francisco 34,172 Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
19 Armed Forces Bowl W 24–6 December 30, 2013 2013 Middle Tennessee State Blue Raiders Amon G. Carter Stadium Fort Worth 39,246 Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
20 Poinsettia Bowl W 17–16 December 23, 2014 2014 San Diego State Aztecs Qualcomm Stadium San Diego 33,077 Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo
21 Military Bowl W 44–28 December 28, 2015 2015 Pittsburgh Panthers Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium Annapolis, Maryland 36,352[16] Niumatalolo, KenKen Niumatalolo

Game capsules

1924 Rose Bowl

Main article: 1924 Rose Bowl
1924 Rose Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 14 0 0 14
Washington 0 7 0 7 14
Date January 1, 1924
Stadium Rose Bowl
Location Pasadena, California

The first bowl game the Midshipmen participated in came at the conclusion of the 1923 college football season, when they were given a bid to play in the tenth edition of the Rose Bowl game. The Midshipmen, led by coach Bob Folwell, finished the regular season with five wins, one loss, and two ties (5-1-2). Their lone loss came at the hands of the Penn State Nittany Lions, falling 21-3.[17] One of the Midshipmen's two ties came in the Army-Navy Game. Navy's opponents in the Rose Bowl were the Washington Huskies, who came in with a record of ten wins and one loss (10-1).[18]

The game kicked off on January 1, 1924 in the Rose Bowl amidst the Tournament of Roses Parade. The first quarter went scoreless, but the Midshipmen scored twice during the second quarter: on a pass from quarterback Ira McKee and from a short run by McKee. The Huskies scored once on a long run from running back George "Wildcat" Wilson. The Midshipmen relied heavily on passing plays, while the Huskies relied on their running game the first half.[19][20]

The third quarter also went scoreless. The Midshipmen effectively controlled the Huskies during most of the fourth quarter, until they fumbled the ball on their own 10-yard line. Washington scored on a trick play from the Midshipmen 12-yard line, tying the game. The Midshipmen tried to score, but turned the ball over at midfield. Washington took the ball down to the Navy 20-yard line, but were unable to score again. The Huskies missed a last-second field goal, and the game ended 14-14 tie.[20]

1955 Sugar Bowl

Main article: 1955 Sugar Bowl
1955 Sugar Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Ole Miss 0 0 0 0 0
Navy 7 0 14 0 21
Date January 1, 1955
Stadium Tulane Stadium
Location New Orleans, Louisiana

The 1955 Sugar Bowl took place on January 1 – 31 years after Navy's first bowl game – following the conclusion of the 1954 college football season. The Midshipmen finished the regular season with a 7-2 record, with their two losses coming by fewer than seven points. The team entered the game ranked fifth in the nation by the AP Poll and the United Press International (UPI) poll. The Midshipmen faced the sixth-ranked Ole Miss Rebels, who, with a record of 10-1, were the Southeastern Conference (SEC) champions.[21][22]

The Midshipmen scored on the game's opening drive, off a three-yard run by running back Joe Gattuso. The Navy defense shut down the Ole Miss offense the first half, holding them to three first downs. The Rebels' longest drive during the first half went for a total of 16 yards. Neither team scored during the second quarter, although the Midshipmen managed to get within one yard of the Ole Miss goal line. Navy led at the half with a 7-0 lead.[23][24]

Navy controlled the third quarter by running the ball repeatedly. On a fourth down conversion attempt from the Ole Miss 16-yard line, Midshipmen kicker John Weaver caught a pass from quarterback George Welsh in the back of the end zone, giving Navy a 14-point lead. The Midshipmen stopped the Rebels on their next drive, but Rebels quarterback Eagle Day punted the ball 72 yards to the Midshipmen 7-yard line. The Midshipmen drove down the field in three plays, and Gattuso ran the ball in for another touchdown from two yards out. The Midshipmen defense shut out the Rebels' offense during the fourth quarter. By the end of the game, the Rebels had gained 121 yards of total offense, compared to the Midshipmen's 442.[23][24]

1958 Cotton Bowl Classic

1958 Cotton Bowl Classic
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Rice 0 0 7 0 7
Navy 6 7 7 0 20
Date January 1, 1958
Stadium Cotton Bowl
Location Dallas, Texas

The 1958 Cotton Bowl Classic was played between the Navy Midshipmen and the Rice Owls on January 1, 1958. Coming into the game, Navy's record was 8-1-1 under head coach Eddie Erdelatz; Rice's was 7-3 under coach Jess Neely. The game was the only bowl that year to feature two of the nation's top ten teams: Navy was ranked fifth in the nation, while Rice was eighth. Approximately 75,500 spectators attended the game.[25]

The game was expected to be a contest between quarterbacks Tom Forrestal (Navy) and King Hill (Rice), both of whom had been named to the 1957 College Football All-America Team. After Hill struggled early, however, he was replaced by Frank Ryan on the team's third possession. By the end of the first half, the Owls had managed only one first down, and the Midshipmen led 13-0. The Midshipmen extended that lead to 20-0 in the third quarter before Rice scored its only touchdown following an interception. The game ended in a 20-7 Navy victory; it was the Owls' first ever postseason loss. Navy's Tom Forrestal and Tony Stremic were named the game's MVPs. Both Forrestal and Ryan broke the previous bowl record for completions, set the previous year by Chuck Curtis, with 13 each.[25]

1961 Orange Bowl

Main article: 1961 Orange Bowl
1961 Orange Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Missouri 7 7 0 7 21
Navy 6 0 0 8 14
Date January 2, 1961
Stadium Orange Bowl
Location Miami, Florida

Among the 71,218 attendees for the 1961 Orange Bowl was newly elected President John F. Kennedy.[26] The game featured the fifth-ranked Missouri Tigers, who were the champions of the Big Eight Conference, and the fourth-ranked Navy Midshipmen. The contest quickly became a defensive battle early in the first quarter: Navy defensive back Greg Mather scored first for the Midshipmen after intercepting a lateral pass and running it 98 yards for a touchdown. Two drives later, Missouri's Norm Beal intercepted a pass and ran it 90 yards for another touchdown, making the score 7–6 at the end of the first quarter. The first offensive points of the game came when Missouri quarterback Ron Taylor ran in for a touchdown in the second quarter. halfback Joe Bellino, who had won the Heisman Trophy earlier that year, was held to four yards of rushing for the game, although he did score a touchdown on a pass intended for another receiver late in the game. Navy finished the game with four interceptions, while Missouri fumbled the ball five times, losing possession three times.[27]

1964 Cotton Bowl Classic

1958 Cotton Bowl Classic
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Texas 7 14 0 7 28
Navy 0 0 6 0 6
Date January 1, 1964
Stadium Cotton Bowl
Location Dallas, Texas

The 1964 Cotton Bowl was played between the second-ranked Navy Midshipmen and the first-ranked Texas Longhorns. Navy was 9-1-0 and led by Heisman Trophy winner Roger Staubach. Texas was 10-0-0 and the AP national champion (the AP poll did not publish polls after the bowls at the time, so Texas was the season-ending AP #1 regardless of the outcome of the game). The game took place on January 1, 1964. Texas defeated Navy with a score of 28-6. The attendance was approximately 75,300. The game's MVP's were Texas' Scott Appleton and Duke Carlisle. Navy was coached by Wayne Hardin and Texas by Darrell Royal[5] This was the first time the Cotton Bowl hosted both the #1 and #2 teams in the nation. It is just the second #1 vs #2 bowl game in college football history, the first being the 1963 Rose Bowl.

1978 Holiday Bowl

Main article: 1978 Holiday Bowl
1978 Holiday Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 3 7 13 23
BYU 3 6 7 0 16
Date December 22, 1978
Stadium San Diego stadium
Location San Diego, California

1980 Garden State Bowl

1980 Garden State Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 0 0 0 0
Houston 14 14 7 0 35
Date December 14, 1980
Stadium Giants Stadium
Location East Rutherford, New Jersey

1981 Liberty Bowl

Main article: 1981 Liberty Bowl
1981 Liberty Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Ohio State 10 7 7 7 31
Navy 7 6 7 8 28
Date December 30, 1981
Stadium Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium
Location Memphis, Tennessee

1996 Aloha Bowl

Main article: 1996 Aloha Bowl
1996 Aloha Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 7 21 0 14 42
California 13 22 3 0 38
Date December 25, 1996
Stadium Aloha Stadium
Location Honolulu, Hawaii

After playing a first half that saw both teams combine for a NCAA bowl game record 68 points,[28] Navy defeated the California Bears by keeping them to a field goal in the second half. Midshipmen quarterback Chris McCoy completed 9 of 13 passes for 277 yards, setting NCAA bowl game records for most yards per pass attempt (21.3) and most yards per completion (30.8).[29]

2003 Houston Bowl

Main article: 2003 Houston Bowl
2003 Houston Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 0 7 7 14
Texas Tech 0 14 10 14 38
Date December 30, 2003
Stadium Reliant Stadium
Location Houston, Texas

2004 Emerald Bowl

Main article: 2004 Emerald Bowl
2004 Emerald Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
New Mexico 7 12 0 0 19
Navy 14 10 7 3 34
Date December 30, 2004
Stadium SBC Park
Location San Francisco, California

The Midshipmen entered the Emerald Bowl with a 9-2 record, its best win-loss record since the 1963 season. Against the New Mexico Lobos, the team jumped to an early 21-7 lead. In the third quarter, the Midshipmen began a drive that would eventually comprise 26 plays and use almost 15 minutes of game time, setting a new NCAA record for the longest drive in a college football game.[30] The Midshipmen won the game with a score of 34-19, giving the team 10 wins for the season for the first time since the 1905 season.[31] As a result of the win, the Midshipmen finished the season ranked 24th in both the Associated Press and the USA Today Coaches' Poll.[32] The game's attendance of 28,856, an increase of 28 percent over the previous year, also set an Emerald Bowl record.[33]

2005 Poinsettia Bowl

Main article: 2005 Poinsettia Bowl
2005 Poinsettia Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Colorado State 10 0 14 6 30
Navy 17 20 14 10 61
Date December 22, 2005
Stadium Qualcomm Stadium
Location San Diego, California

The inaugural edition of the Poinsettia Bowl was played between the Navy Midshipmen and the Colorado State Rams. Navy's record was 8-3, while Colorado State's was 6-5. The game took place on December 22, 2005, and the Midshipmen defeated the Rams 51-30. The attendance was 36,842. Midshipmen Reggie Campbell, who tied the NCAA record for most points scored in a bowl game with 30,[34] received the game's offensive MVP award. Navy's Tyler Tidwell won the Defensive MVP award. Navy was coached by Paul Johnson and Sonny Lubick led Colorado State.[35]

2006 Meineke Car Care Bowl

2006 Meineke Car Care Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 7 14 3 0 24
Boston College 6 10 0 9 25
Date December 30, 2006
Stadium Bank of America Stadium
Location Charlotte, North Carolina

2007 Poinsettia Bowl

Main article: 2007 Poinsettia Bowl
2007 Poinsettia Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Utah 10 7 14 14 45
Navy 0 10 7 15 32
Date December 20, 2007
Stadium Qualcomm Stadium
Location San Diego, California

The 2007 Poinsettia Bowl was played between the Navy Midshipmen and the Utah Utes. Navy had a record of 8-4. Utah also had a record of 8-4. The game took place on December 20, 2007. Utah defeated Navy 35-32. The attendance was 39, 129. The game's MVP was Utah's Brian Johnson. Navy was coached by Ken Niumatalolo. Utah by Kyle Whittingham.[36]

2008 EagleBank Bowl

Main article: 2008 EagleBank Bowl
2008 EagleBank Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Wake Forest 0 7 7 15 29
Navy 10 3 0 6 19
Date December 20, 2008
Stadium Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium
Location Washington, D.C.

2009 Texas Bowl

Main article: 2009 Texas Bowl
2009 Texas Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 7 7 7 14 35
Missouri 7 3 0 3 13
Date December 31, 2009
Stadium Reliant Stadium
Location Houston, Texas

2010 Poinsettia Bowl

Main article: 2010 Poinsettia Bowl
2010 Poinsettia Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 14 0 0 14
San Diego State 14 7 0 14 35
Date December 23, 2010
Stadium Qualcomm Stadium
Location San Diego, California

2012 Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl

2012 Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 0 7 7 14 28
Arizona State 21 13 28 0 62
Date December 29, 2012
Stadium AT&T Park
Location San Francisco, California

2013 Armed Forces Bowl

2013 Armed Forces Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Middle Tennessee State 3 3 0 0 6
Navy 7 3 0 14 24
Date December 30, 2013
Stadium Amon G. Carter Stadium
Location Fort Worth, Texas

2014 Poinsettia Bowl

Main article: 2014 Poinsettia Bowl
2014 Poinsettia Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Navy 7 0 7 3 17
San Diego State 10 3 3 0 16
Date December 23, 2014
Stadium Qualcomm Stadium
Location San Diego, California

2015 Military Bowl

Main article: 2015 Military Bowl
2015 Military Bowl
Quarter
1 2 3 4 Total
Pittsburgh 7 0 14 7 28
Navy 14 7 10 13 44
Date December 28, 2015
Stadium Navy-Marine Corps Memorial Stadium
Location Annapolis, Maryland

Notes

Appearances table
  1. ↑ Beginning with the 2011 game, the Emerald Bowl was renamed the Kraft Fight Hunger Bowl.[8]
  2. ↑ Beginning with the 2010 game, the EagleBank Bowl was renamed the Military Bowl.[8]
  3. ↑ Beginning with the 2011 game, the Texas Bowl was renamed the Meineke Car Care Bowl of Texas.[8]
  4. ↑ Beginning with the 2011 game, the Meineke Bowl was renamed the Belk Bowl.[8]
Sortable table
  1. ↑ Statistics correct as of 2011–12 season.
  2. ↑ Results are sortable first by whether the result was an Navy win, loss or tie and then second by the margin of victory.
  3. ↑ Links to the season article for the Navy team that competed in the bowl for that year when available or to their general page when unavailable.
  4. ↑ Links to the season article for the opponent that Navy competed against in the bowl for that year when available or to their general page when unavailable.
  5. ↑ This was the inaugural Holiday Bowl, therefore giving it the highest recorded attendance at the time.[11]
  6. ↑ The Garden State Bowl was last held in 1981. The attendance for the 1980 bowl remains the record.[12]
  7. ↑ Surpassed by the 2006 Emerald Bowl.[13]
  8. ↑ This was the inaugural Poinsettia Bowl, therefore giving it the highest recorded attendance at the time.[14]
  9. ↑ Paul Johnson held the position of head coach at Navy until he was hired as the new head coach of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets prior to the 2007 Poinsettia Bowl. The school promoted Ken Niumatalolo to interim head coach and then made the position permanent prior to the bowl game.
  10. ↑ This was the inaugural EagleBank Bowl, therefore giving it the highest recorded attendance at the time.[15]

References

Footnotes
  1. ↑ "Navy Football History Database". NationalChamps.net. Bowl Games. Archived from the original on 2010-03-24. Retrieved 2012-11-11.
  2. ↑ Gogan, Roger (2008-12-12). "Sailors Earned Rose Bowl Victory 90 Years Ago". Great Lakes Bulletin. Waukegan, Illinois: Naval Station Great Lakes. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  3. ↑ NCAA 2011, p. 13.
  4. ↑ NCAA 2012, pp. 91–92.
  5. 1 2 "1964 Cotton Bowl Classic" (PDF). Cotton Bowl Classic History (PDF). Cotton Bowl Classic. p. 43. Archived from the original on 2011-04-24.
  6. ↑ Wang, Gene (2012-01-24). "Navy Will Join Big East as Football-only Member in 2015". Washington Post. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
  7. ↑ Favat, Brian (2013-06-03). "ACC, American Athletic Conference To Play In Military Bowl". SB Nation. Retrieved 2013-06-05.
  8. 1 2 3 4 Heika, Mike (2012-12-15). "Bowling Through Time: A Look at the History and Evolution of Bowl Games". The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 2012-12-16.
  9. ↑ NCAA 2011, p. 22.
  10. ↑ NCAA 2011, pp. 32–38.
  11. ↑ Staff. "The 1978 Holiday Bowl". Game History. Bridgepoint Education Holiday Bowl. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
  12. ↑ "Garden State Bowl Receives Praise From Participants". The Tuscaloosa News. Associated Press. 1981-12-05. Retrieved 2012-12-11. Last year's attendance of 41,417 for Navy–Houston remains the Garden State Bowl Record
  13. ↑ "Banner Year for Emerald Bowl" (Press release). Fight Hunger Bowl. 2005-02-14. Retrieved 2012-12-12. The in-stadium attendance of 28,856, also a record, was up 28% from the previous game.
  14. ↑ Staff. "Inaugural San Diego County Credit Union Poinsettia Bowl". Poinsettia Bowl. Archived from the original on 2009-04-29. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
  15. ↑ "Navy, Wake Forest meet again in EagleBank Bowl". Sporting News. Associated Press. December 8, 2008. Retrieved December 11, 2012.
  16. ↑ http://www.oregonlive.com/collegefootball/index.ssf/2015/12/military_bowl_2015_tv_channel.html
  17. ↑ Fanatics Retail Group. "1923 Penn State Nittany Lions vs Navy Midshipmen 36 x 48 Framed Canvas Historic Football Poster". Los Angeles Times. Fanshop. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  18. ↑ Washington Huskies (2009). "Husky History" (PDF). 2009 Outlook. University of Washington. p. 158. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  19. ↑ Staff. "Rose Bowl 1924". Rosebowlhistory.org. Rose Bowl History. Archived from the original on 2009-02-21. Retrieved December 13, 2012.
  20. 1 2 Eckersall, Walter (January 2, 1924). "Annual East-West Football Battle Ends In 14-14 Tie". The Detroit Free Press. p. 16. ISSN 1055-2758.
  21. ↑ "UCLA Edges Buckeyes in Last UP Grid Poll". The Vidette-Messenger. Valparaiso, Indiana. December 1, 1954. p. 6. OCLC 13213864.
  22. ↑ Mulé, Marty. "How Navy and Ole Miss Met in the 1955 Sugar Bowl". 21st Annual Sugar Bowl Classic. Allstate Sugar Bowl. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
  23. 1 2 Mulé, Marty. "21st Annual Sugar Bowl Classic ~ January 1, 1955". allstatesugarbowl.org. Sugar Bowl. Archived from the original on 2010-11-16.
  24. 1 2 Claassen, Harold (January 2, 1955). "Navy Skips Past Ol' Miss In Sugar Bowl". The Nevada Daily Mail. p. 8. ISSN 1056-3555. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
  25. 1 2 "1958 Cotton Bowl Classic" (PDF). Cotton Bowl Classic History (PDF). Cotton Bowl Classic. p. 37. Archived from the original on 2011-04-24.
  26. ↑ Bolding, Mark. "The Orange Bowl 1961". mmbolding.com. Archived from the original on 2010-10-27. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
  27. ↑ "Navy's Weapon Silenced". Orange Bowl. Orange Bowl History – 1961. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
  28. ↑ NCAA 2011, p. 40.
  29. ↑ NCAA 2011, p. 38.
  30. ↑ NCAA 2012, p. 14.
  31. ↑ "Navy Uses 14-minute Drive to Cap 10-win Season". ESPN.com. 2004-12-30. Archived from the original on 2011-05-19. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  32. ↑ "Navy Football Team Ranked 24th In Both Finals Polls" (Press release). United States Naval Academy. 2005-01-05. Retrieved 2012-10-14.
  33. ↑ "Emerald Bowl Announces New Date and Network for 2005 Game" (Press release). San Francisco, California. 2005-03-28. Retrieved 2012-10-19.
  34. ↑ NCAA 2011, p. 39.
  35. ↑ Bolding, Mark. "2005 Poinsettia Bowl". mmbolding.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-12. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  36. ↑ "2007 Poinsettia Bowl Summary". Retrieved 2012-03-03.
Bibliography
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