List of psychoactive plants, fungi, and animals

Minimally psychoactive plants which contain mainly caffeine and theobromine:

• coffee
• tea (caffeine in tea is sometimes called theine) – also contains theanine
• guarana (caffeine in guarana is sometimes called guaranine)
• yerba mate (caffeine in yerba mate is sometimes called mateine)
• cocoa
• kola

Most known psychoactive plants:

• cannabis: cannabinoids
• tobacco: nicotine and beta-carboline alkaloids
• coca: cocaine
• opium poppy: morphine, codeine and other opiates
• salvia divinorum: salvinorin A
• khat: cathine and cathinone
• kava: kavalactones
• nutmeg: myristicin

Solanaceae plants—contain atropine, hyoscyamine and scopolamine

• Datura
• Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladona)
• Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger)
• Mandrake (Mandragora officinarum)
• other Solanaceae

Cacti with mescaline:

• peyote
• Peruvian torch cactus
• San Pedro cactus

Other plants:

• kratom: mitragynine, mitraphylline, 7-hydroxymitragynine, raubasine and corynantheidine
• ephedra: ephedrine
• damiana
• Calea zacatechichi
• Silene capensis
• valerian: valerian (the chemical with the same name)
• various plants like chacruna, jurema, vilca, and yopo – 5-MeO-DMT
• Morning glory and Hawaiian Baby Woodrose – lysergic acid amide (LSA, ergine)
• Ayahuasca
• Tabernanthe iboga ("Iboga")—ibogaine
• Areca catechu (see: betel and paan)—arecoline
• Rauvolfia serpentina: rauwolscine
• yohimbe (Pausinystalia yohimbe): yohimbine, corynantheidine
• probably many others

Fungi:

• psilocybin mushrooms: psilocybin and psilocin
• various Amanita mushrooms: bufotenin
• Amanita muscaria: ibotenic acid and muscimol
• Claviceps purpurea and other Clavicipitaceae: ergotamine (not psychoactive itself but used in synthesis of LSD)

Psychoactive animals:

• hallucinogenic fish
• psychoactive toads: bufotenin, Bufo alvarius (Colorado River toad or Sonoran Desert toad) also contains 5-MeO-DMT