List of tone rows and series

This is a list of tone rows and series. For a list of unordered collections, see set (music), Forte number, list of pitch class sets, and trope (music).

Twelve tone rows

Row form Integers Notation Composer: Composition Year Hexa-chord I Hexa-chord II Derivation/ Combina-toriality
P: 0 1 2 e t 9
5 4 3 6 7 8
Anton Webern:
Op. 32, later row[1]
un-
finished
6-1 6-1
I: 0 e t 1 2 3
7 8 9 6 5 4
P: 0 1 3 5 6 2
4 8 7 9 e t
Igor Stravinsky:
Abraham & Isaac[2][3]
1963 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 e 9 7 6 t
8 4 5 3 1 2
P: 0 1 3 6 7 9
8 t e 2 4 5
Arnold Schoenberg:
Serenade, op. 24, mov. 5[4]
1920–23 6-30 6-30 derived: 3-3
I: 0 e 9 6 5 3
4 2 1 t 8 7
P: 0 1 3 8 4 9
t 7 6 5 e 2
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Kammerkonzert[5]
1923–25 6-Z19 6-Z44 cryptogram: "Schoenberg"
I: 0 e 9 4 8 3
2 5 6 7 1 t
P: 0 1 3 9 2 e
4 t 7 8 5 6
Arnold Schoenberg:
Suite for Piano, op. 25[6][7][8][9]
1921–23 6-2 6-2
I: 0 e 9 3 t 1
8 2 5 4 7 6
P: 0 1 4 2 9 5
e 3 8 t 7 6
Pohlman Mallalieu[10][11]

Robert Morris:
Not Lilacs[10]

n.a.

1973

6-14 6-14 all-interval, RT6-invariant
I: 0 e 8 t 3 7
1 9 4 2 5 6
P: 0 1 4 3 2 5
6 9 8 7 t e
 Play 
Anton Webern:
Variations for Orchestra, Op. 30[12][3][13]
1940 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 e 8 9 t 7
6 3 4 5 2 1
P: 0 1 4 3 2 5
6 9 8 e t 7
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Pas de deux", "Four trios"[2][14]
1957 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 e 8 9 t 7
6 3 4 1 2 5
P: 0 1 4 3 7 6
e 2 t 9 5 8
Arnold Schoenberg:
Die Jakobsleiter[15]
un-
finished
6-Z13 6-Z42
I: 0 e 8 9 5 6
1 t 2 3 7 4
P: 0 1 4 5 8 7
6 3 2 7 e t
Walter Piston:
Symphony No. 8 (first movement)[16]
1965 6-Z19 6-Z44
I: 0 e 8 7 4 5
6 9 t 5 1 2
P: 0 1 4 5 7 6
8 9 t e 2 3
Roger Reynolds:
Ambages[17]
1965 6-5 6-5
I: 0 1 4 5 7 6
8 9 t e 2 3
P: 0 1 4 6 8 t
5 7 9 e 2 3
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 3[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 e 8 6 4 2
7 5 3 1 t 9
P: 0 1 4 9 5 8
3 t 2 e 6 7
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Twelve Instruments[3][19]
1948 6-20 6-20 dyadic, tri-, tetra-, and hexa- chordal combina-
toriality
I: 0 e 8 3 7 4
9 2 t 1 6 5
P: 0 1 5 2 6 t
3 8 9 4 7 e
Edison Denisov:
Fünf Geschichten von Herrn Keuner[20]
1966 6-Z43 6-Z17 all-trichord hexachord
I: 0 e 7 t 6 2
9 4 3 8 5 1
P: 0 1 5 8 t 4
3 7 9 2 e 6
Luigi Dallapiccola:
Quaderno musicale di Annalibera[21]
Variazioni per orchestra
Canti di Liberazione[22]
1952
1954
1951–55
6-31 6-31
I: 0 e 7 4 2 8
9 5 3 t 1 6
P: 0 1 6 2 7 9
3 4 t e 5 8
Arnold Schoenberg:
Violin Concerto, op. 36[23]
1936 6-Z50 6-Z29
I: 0 e 6 t 5 3
9 8 2 1 7 4
P: 0 1 6 2 t 9
4 7 3 8 e 5
Arnold Schoenberg:
A Survivor from Warsaw[24][25]
1947 6-15 6-15
I: 0 e 6 t 2 3
8 5 9 4 1 7
P: 0 1 6 5 7 e
2 t 3 9 8 4
Milton Babbitt:
All Set[26]
1957 6-7 6-7 second-order all-
combinatorial hexachord
I: 0 e 6 7 5 1
t 2 9 3 4 8
P: 0 1 7 2 3 9
t 8 6 5 e 4
Edison Denisov:
Viola concerto[27]
1986 6-Z41 6-Z12
I: 0 e 5 t 9 3
2 4 6 7 1 8
P: 0 1 7 5 6 4
t 8 9 e 2 3
 Play 
Arnold Schoenberg:
Moses und Aron[24]
un-
finished
6-5 6-5 inversional
I: 0 e 5 7 6 8
2 4 3 1 t 9
P: 0 1 7 5 6 e
9 8 t 3 4 2
Igor Stravinsky:
Movements[2]
1958–59 6-7 6-7
I: 0 e 5 7 6 1
3 4 2 9 8 t
P: 0 1 7 6 8 9
3 2 4 5 e t
Alberto Ginastera:
Don Rodrigo, Act I, op. 31[28]
1963–64 6-5 6-5
I: 0 e 5 6 4 3
9 t 8 7 1 2
P: 0 1 7 9 8 6
3 t 2 5 e 4
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Plus-Minus[29]
1963 (rev. 1974) 6-5 6-5
I: 0 e 5 3 4 6
9 2 t 7 1 8
P: 0 1 8 e 7 3
2 5 4 t 9 6
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Zeitmaße[30][31]
1955–56 6-16 6-16
I: 0 e 4 1 5 9
t 7 8 2 3 6
P: 0 1 9 e 3 2
6 7 t 8 4 5
Anton Webern:
Op. 32, row 1[32]
un-
finished
6-2 6-2
I: 0 e 3 1 9 t
6 5 2 4 8 7
P: 0 1 9 e 3 2
7 6 t 8 4 5
Anton Webern:
Op. 32, row 2[32]
un-
finished
6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 e 3 1 9 t
5 6 2 4 8 7
P: 0 1 9 e 8 t
4 5 6 2 3 7
 Play 
Anton Webern:
Variations for piano, mov. II, op. 27[33][34]
1936 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 e 3 1 4 2
8 7 6 t 9 5
P: 0 1 9 e t 7
8 3 4 6 5 2
Igor Stravinsky:
A Sermon, a Narrative and a Prayer[2]
1961 6-2 6-2
I: 0 e 3 1 2 5
4 9 8 6 7 t
P: 0 1 t 2 6 4
5 3 7 e 8 9
Luigi Dallapiccola:
Dialoghi[35]
6-21 6-21 RI-invariant:
P0 = RI9
I: 0 e 2 t 6 8
7 9 5 1 4 3
P: 0 1 t 3 4 6
8 9 e 5 7 2
Chen Yi:
Near Distance[3][36]
1988 6-Z23 6-Z45
I: 0 e 2 9 8 6
4 3 1 7 5 t
P: 0 1 e 2 t 3
9 4 8 5 7 6
 Play 
Luigi Nono:
Canti per tredeci
Il canto sospeso[15][37][38]
Composizione per orchestra n. 2: Diario polacco ’58
1955
1955–56
1959
6-1 6-1 symmetrical all-interval
row
; all-
combinatorial
I: 0 e 1 t 2 9
3 8 4 7 5 6
 Play 
Nicolas Slonimsky: Grandmother chord[39] 1938
P: 0 2 1 3 8 7
5 6 4 e 9 t
Joonas Kokkonen:
Symphonic Sketches, mov. 3, row A[40]
1968 6-Z38 6-Z6
I: 0 t e 9 4 5
7 6 8 1 3 2
P: 0 2 1 3 4 6
7 9 8 t 5 e
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, second coda[41][42]
1957 6-2 6-2
I: 0 t e 9 8 6
5 3 4 2 7 1
Igor Stravinsky:
coda[43]
P: 0 2 1 7 t 8
9 e 3 4 6 5
Igor Stravinsky:
The Flood[2]
1962 6-Z12 6-Z41
I: 0 t e 5 2 4
3 1 9 8 6 7
P: 0 2 1 7 e 8
9 6 t 4 3 5
Luigi Dallapiccola:
Requiescant[35]
6-5 6-5 RI-invariant:
P0 = RI5
I: 0 t e 5 1 4
3 6 2 8 9 7
P: 0 2 1 t 3 e
5 9 4 7 8 6
Alfred Schnittke:
String Quartet No. 1[3]
1966 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 t e 2 9 1
7 3 8 5 4 6
P: 0 2 3 1 4 5
6 7 8 9 e t
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Schigolch[24][44]
1934 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
, derived: 4–1
I: 0 t 9 e 8 7
6 5 4 3 1 2
P: 0 2 3 5 4 9
7 8 t e 1 6
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Bransles"[43]
1957 6-Z40 6-Z11
I: 0 t 9 7 8 3
5 4 2 1 e 6
P: 0 2 3 5 7 8
e 4 6 t 8 1
 Play 
Alban Berg:
"Der Wein"[45]
1929 6-16 6-16 D harmonic minor & in the inverted row-form added-sixth chord with both major and minor third
I: 0 t 9 7 5 4
1 8 6 2 4 e
P: 0 2 3 6 8 t
5 7 9 e 1 4
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 2[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 t 9 6 4 2
7 5 3 1 e 8
P: 0 2 4 5 8 t
6 7 9 e 1 3
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 1[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 t 8 7 4 2
6 5 3 1 e 9
P: 0 2 4 6 7 t
5 8 9 e 1 3
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 6[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 t 8 6 5 2
7 4 3 1 e 9
P: 0 2 4 6 8 9
5 7 t e 1 3
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 5[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 t 8 6 4 3
7 5 2 1 e 9
P: 0 2 4 6 t 8
e 7 9 1 3 5
Alban Berg:
Lulu[24]
1934 6-35 6-35
I: 0 t 8 6 2 4
1 5 3 e 9 7
P: 0 2 5 3 t 4
6 1 e 7 8 9
Igor Stravinsky:
Variations[46][2][3][47][48][49][50][51]
1963–64 6-9 6-9
I: 0 t 7 9 2 8
6 e 1 5 4 3
P: 0 2 6 4 t 9
7 e 8 5 1 3
Arnold Schoenberg:
Piano Piece [Klavierstück], op. 33b[24]
1931 6-34 6-34
I: 0 t 6 8 2 3
5 1 4 7 e 9
P: 0 2 6 t 4 7
8 3 5 9 e 1
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Schoolboy[44][52][53]
1934 6-34 6-34
I: 0 t 6 2 8 5
4 9 7 3 1 e
P: 0 2 9 e 8 6
5 7 t 1 4 3
Igor Stravinsky:
The Owl and the Pussy Cat[2]
1966 6-Z23 6-Z45
I: 0 t 3 1 4 6
7 5 2 e 8 9
P: 0 7 6 5 8 9
4 3 t e 2 1
Karel Goeyvaerts:
Nummer 2[54]
1951 6-Z36 6-Z3
I: 0 5 6 7 4 3
8 9 2 1 t e
P: 0 2 t e 1 8
6 7 9 4 3 5
 Play P 
Igor Stravinsky:
Requiem Canticles, 1st series[2]
1966 6-2 6-2
I: 0 t 2 1 e 4
6 5 3 8 9 7
P: 0 2 e 9 t 1
3 6 4 5 7 8
Joonas Kokkonen:
Woodwind Quintet, mov. 1 & 2, row A & B[40]
1973 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 t 1 3 2 e
9 6 8 7 5 4
P: 0 2 e 9 t 4
3 7 5 6 8 1
Arnold Schoenberg:
Dreimal Tausend Jahre, Op. 50a[3]
1949 6-9 6-9
I: 0 t 1 3 2 8
9 5 7 6 4 e
P: 0 3 1 2 4 7
5 6 8 e 9 t
Arvo Pärt:
Symphony No. 2[55]
1966 6-Z36 6-Z3 derived: 4–1
I: 0 9 e t 8 5
7 6 4 1 3 2
P: 0 3 1 2 e t
8 9 5 7 6 4
Milton Babbitt:
Woodwind Quartet[56]
1953 6-1 6-1
I: 0 9 e t 1 2
4 3 7 5 6 8
P: 0 3 1 6 2 4
t 5 9 7 8 e
Ernst Krenek:
Sechs Vermessene, Op. 168[57]
1958 6-2 6-2
I: 0 9 e 6 t 8
2 7 3 5 4 1
P: 0 3 1 6 2 t
9 8 e 7 5 4
Ernst Krenek:
Karl V[58][59]
1938 6-Z39 6-Z10
I: 0 9 e 6 t 2
3 4 1 5 7 8
P: 0 3 1 t 2 8
e 5 6 9 7 4
Donald Martino:
Fantasy Variations[60]
1962 6-9 6-9
I: 0 9 e 2 t 4
1 7 6 3 5 8
P: 0 3 2 1 4 8
e 5 t 7 6 9
Benjamin Frankel:
The Curse of the Werewolf[61]
1961 6-Z37 6-Z4
I: 0 9 t e 8 4
1 7 2 5 6 3
P: 0 3 2 9 7 8
e 6 1 5 4 t
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Aries", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6-18 6-18
I: 0 9 t 3 5 4
1 6 e 7 8 2
P: 0 3 2 1 5 4
t e 7 8 9 6
Anton Webern:
Symphony, Op. 21[4][63]
1928 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 9 t e 7 8
2 1 5 4 3 6
P: 0 3 4 6 e 8
7 t 9 5 1 2
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Mystery" (sketches only)[64]
1957 6-31 6-31
I: 0 9 8 6 1 4
5 2 3 7 e t
P: 0 3 5 1 2 6
4 e 7 8 e 9
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Klavierstück IV (second row of 48)[65]
1952 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 9 7 e t 6
8 1 5 4 1 3
P: 0 3 5 4 e t
9 8 7 6 2 1
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Aquarius", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6-Z6 6-Z38
I: 0 9 7 8 1 2
3 4 5 6 t e
P: 0 3 5 7 9 e
6 8 t 1 2 4
Ernst Krenek:
Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae, Op. 93, row 4[18]
1940–41 6-34 6-34 RI-symmetry
I: 0 9 7 5 3 1
6 4 2 e t 8
P: 0 3 7 e 2 5
9 1 4 6 8 t
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Violin Concerto[4][24][66]
1935 6-Z24 6-Z46
I: 0 9 5 1 t 7
3 e 8 6 4 2
P: 0 3 e 2 t 1
9 5 8 4 7 6
Anton Webern:
"Erlösung" from Drei Lieder, Op. 18, No. 2[67]
1910–13 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 9 1 t 2 e
3 7 4 8 5 6
P: 0 3 e 4 2 1
7 8 t 5 9 6
Ernst Krenek:
Quaestio temporis, Op. 170[68]
1959 6-1 6-1 all-
combinatorial
retrograde-symmetry
I: 0 9 1 8 t e
5 4 2 7 3 6
P: 0 3 e t 2 9
1 5 4 8 7 6
Anton Webern:
Op. 31[12]
1941–43 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 9 1 2 t 3
e 7 8 4 5 6
P: 0 4 1 8 5 9
3 e 2 7 t 6
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments, row iv[26]
1948 6–20 6–20 all-
combinatorial hexachord
I: 0 8 e 4 7 3
9 1 t 5 2 6
P: 0 4 1 e 3 2
8 6 5 t 7 9
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments[69]
1948 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial hexachord
I: 0 8 e 1 9 t
4 6 7 2 5 3
P: 0 4 2 5 7 8
t 9 e 1 6 3
Igor Stravinsky:
Anthem[2]
1962 6–33 6–33
I: 0 8 t 7 5 4
2 3 1 e 6 9
P: 0 4 3 2 5 6
t e 9 1 7 8
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Licht, Eve formula[70][71]
1977–
2003
6–2 6–2
I: 0 8 9 t 7 6
2 1 3 e 5 4
P: 0 4 3 7 e 8
9 6 5 1 2 t
Arnold Schoenberg:
Ode to Napoleon Buonaparte
Suite Op. 29[72]

Luigi Nono:
Variazioni canoniche sulla serie dell'op. 41 di Arnold Schönberg[73]

1942
1926

1950

6–20 6–20 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 8 9 5 1 4
3 6 7 e t 2
P: 0 4 3 8 7 e
5 1 2 9 t 6
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments, row iii[26]
1948 6–20 6–20 all-
combinatorial hexachord
I: 0 8 9 4 5 1
7 e t 3 2 6
P: 0 4 3 e 7 8
t 9 2 5 1 6
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Scorpio", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6–20 6–20
I: 0 8 9 1 5 4
2 3 t 7 e 6
P: 0 4 3 e t 9
1 7 8 6 2 5
Ernst Krenek:
Suite, Op. 84 for solo cello[74]
6–5 6–5
I: 0 8 9 1 2 3
e 5 4 6 t 7
P: 0 4 5 2 6 7
8 9 e t 3 1
Alban Berg:
Lulu[24]
1934 6–9 6–9
I: 0 8 7 t 6 5
4 3 1 2 9 e
P: 0 4 5 2 7 9
6 8 e t 3 1
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Basic[44][52][53]
1934 6–32 6–32 circle of fifths
I: 0 8 7 t 5 3
6 4 1 2 9 e
P: 0 4 5 e 6 t
7 3 1 2 9 8
Milton Babbitt:
All Set[75][76]
1957 6–7 6–7 all-interval row
I: 0 8 7 1 6 2
5 9 e t 3 4
P: 0 4 5 t 7 6
1 8 e 2 9 3
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Gemini", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6-Z41 6-Z12
I: 0 8 7 2 5 6
e 4 1 t 3 9
P: 0 4 8 9 3 2
t e 7 6 5 1
Robert Moevs:
Three Symphonic Pieces, mov. 2[77]
1954–55 6-Z17 6-Z43 all-trichord hexachord
I: 0 8 4 3 9 t
2 1 5 6 7 e
P: 0 4 t 6 3 8
7 2 5 9 1 e
Juan Carlos Paz:
Canciones y Baladas, Balada II[78]
1936 6–34 6–34
I: 0 8 2 6 9 4
5 t 7 3 e 1
P: 0 5 1 2 3 9
8 t 4 e 6 7
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Chorale[44]
1934 6-Z39 6-Z10
I: 0 7 e t 9 3
4 2 8 1 6 5
P: 0 5 1 4 2 3
9 8 t 7 e 6
Michael Gielen:
Six Songs, for bass, violin, viola, clarinet, bass clarinet, and piano[79]
1958 6–1 6–1 retrograde-symmetrical all-interval
row
, all-
combinatorial hexachords
I: 0 7 e 8 t 9
3 4 2 5 1 6
P: 0 5 1 4 t 8
e 9 3 6 2 7
Alfred Schnittke:
Concerto Grosso No. 3[3]
1985 6–31 6–31
I: 0 7 e 8 2 4
1 3 9 6 t 5
P: 0 5 2 7 4 9
6 e 8 1 t 3
Benjamin Britten:
The Turn of the Screw[80]
1954 6–32 6–32
I: 0 7 t 5 8 3
6 1 4 e 2 9
P: 0 5 2 7 t 1
e 4 6 8 9 3
Dmitri Shostakovich:
Symphony No. 14, mov. III[81]
1969 6-Z47 6-Z25
I: 0 7 t 5 2 e
1 8 6 4 3 9
P: 0 5 2 t 1 7
8 6 e 4 9 3
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Countess Geschwitz[24][44][53]
1934 6-Z47 6-Z25
I: 0 7 t 2 e 5
4 6 1 8 3 9
P: 0 5 4 7 t 6
e 8 1 9 2 3
Igor Stravinsky:
Threni[2]
1958 6-Z41 6-Z12
I: 0 7 8 5 2 6
1 4 e 3 t 9
P: 0 5 7 4 2 3
9 1 8 e t 6
Milton Babbitt:
Three Compositions for Piano, no. I[82]
1947 6–8 6–8
I: 0 7 5 8 t 9
3 e 4 1 2 6
P: 0 5 7 6 e 3
4 2 9 8 t 1
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Acrobat/Athlete[24][44][53]
1934 6-Z17 6-Z43 all-trichord hexachord
I: 0 7 5 6 1 9
8 t 3 4 2 e
P: 0 5 9 t 4 7
6 e 1 2 8 3
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Dr. Schön[44][52][53]
1934 6-Z25 6-Z47
I: 0 7 3 2 8 5
6 1 e t 4 9
P: 0 5 e 6 3 2
8 7 9 t 4 1
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Leo", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6Z-13 6-Z42
I: 0 7 1 6 9 t
4 5 3 2 8 e
P: 0 6 4 2 8 9
3 1 e t 7 5
Igor Stravinsky:
Elegy for J.F.K.[2]
1964 6–34 6–34
I: 0 6 8 t 4 3
9 e 1 2 5 7
P: 0 6 4 3 2 9
t 5 7 8 e 1
Karel Husa:
Mosaïques[83]
1960 6-Z45 6-Z23
I: 0 6 8 9 t 3
2 7 5 4 1 e
P: 0 6 5 1 e 7
4 8 9 3 2 t
Arnold Schoenberg:
"De Profundis", Op. 50b[3]
1950 6–7 6–7
I: 0 6 7 e 1 5
8 4 3 9 t 2
P: 0 6 5 2 3 4
7 8 9 t e 1
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Sagittarius", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6–2 6–2
I: 0 6 7 t 9 8
5 4 3 2 1 e
P: 0 6 5 e t 4
3 9 8 2 1 7
Witold Lutosławski:
Musique funèbre (Funeral Music)[84]
1954–58 6–7 6–7
I: 0 6 7 1 2 8
9 3 4 t e 5
P: 0 6 7 8 9 1
2 5 e 4 t 3
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart:
String Quartet in E major, K. 428 first movement, opening of development section[85]
6–5 6–5
I: 0 6 5 4 3 e
t 7 1 8 2 9
P: 0 6 8 5 7 e
4 3 9 t 1 2
 Play 
Arnold Schoenberg:
Variations, Op. 31[78][86][87]
1926–28 6–5 6–5 Bach motif
I: 0 6 4 7 5 1
8 9 3 2 e t
P: 0 6 8 t 2 4
9 5 3 e 7 1
Arnold Schoenberg:
Three Songs, Op. 48[63]
1933 6–35 6–35
I: 0 6 4 2 t 8
3 7 9 1 5 e
P: 0 6 9 2 8 t
4 7 1 e 3 5
Josef Matthias Hauer:
Salambo, op. 60[88]
1929 6-21 6-21
I: 0 6 3 t 4 2
8 5 e 1 9 7
P: 0 6 t 7 9 8
3 2 4 1 5 e
Michel Fano: Sonata for Two Pianos[89] 1951 6-Z3 6-Z36 retrograde-symmetry
I: 0 6 2 5 3 4
9 t 8 e 7 1
P: 0 6 t 8 4 7
2 5 1 e 3 9
Ben Johnston:
String Quartet No. 7, mov. 2[90]
1984 6–21 6–21 just intonation: otonality & utonality
I: 0 6 2 4 8 5
t 7 e 1 9 3
P: 0 7 1 t e 9
5 8 4 3 2 6
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Klavierstück IV (third row of 48)[65]
1952 6–2 6–2
I: 0 5 e 2 1 3
7 4 8 9 t 6
P: 0 7 2 1 e 8
3 5 9 t 4 6
 Play 
Arnold Schoenberg:
Piano Piece, op. 33a[24][91]
1928 6–5 6–5
I: 0 5 t e 1 4
9 7 3 2 8 6
P: 0 7 3 t 2 6
9 1 4 8 e 5
Alberto Ginastera:
Quintet, op. 29[28]
1963 6–31 6–31
I: 0 5 9 2 t 6
3 e 8 4 1 7
P: 0 7 4 e 6 t
3 9 1 8 5 2
Elliott Carter:
Piano Concerto, Orchestra[92]
1964–65 6-Z43 6-Z17 all-trichord hexachord; ordered in register
I: 0 5 8 1 6 2
9 3 e 4 7 t
P: 0 7 6 4 5 9
8 t 3 1 e 2
Igor Stravinsky:
Requiem Canticles, 2nd series[2]
1966 6-Z40 6-Z11
I: 0 5 6 8 7 3
4 2 9 e 1 t
P: 0 7 6 e 9 1
4 t 8 5 2 3
Ernst Krenek:
String Quartet No. 7, op. 96[58]
1943–44 6-Z12 6-Z41
I: 0 5 6 1 3 e
8 2 4 7 t 9
P: 0 7 e 2 1 9
3 5 t 6 8 4
Arnold Schoenberg:
Piano Concerto, Op. 42[93][94]
1942 6–9 6–9 inversional
I: 0 5 1 t e 3
9 7 2 6 4 8
P: 0 7 e 8 2 t
6 9 5 4 1 3
Anton Webern:
Op. 23[95]
1933 6-Z10 6-Z39
I: 0 5 1 4 t 2
6 3 7 8 e 9
P: 0 7 e t 2 9
6 1 5 4 8 3
Ross Lee Finney:
Edge of Shadow[21]
1959 6–8 6–8
I: 0 5 1 2 t 3
6 e 7 8 4 9
P: 0 7 e t 9 8
3 6 4 1 5 2
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Cancer", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 5 1 2 3 4
9 6 8 e 7 t
P: 0 8 1 7 2 e
9 6 4 5 3 t
Arnold Schoenberg:
String Trio, Op. 45[96]
1946 6–5 6–5
I: 0 4 e 5 t 1
3 6 8 7 9 2
P: 0 8 1 t 9 e
5 3 4 7 2 6

[97][98]
 Play 
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Klavierstück VII Gruppen
Klavierstück IX
Klavierstück X
1955
1955–57
1961
1961
6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
hexachord, retrograde-symmetrical all-interval
I: 0 4 e 2 3 1
7 9 8 5 t 6
P: 0 8 1 e t 7
5 9 4 6 3 2
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Klavierstück V (row of original 1954 version)[99]
Klavierstück VIII[100]
1954–55
1954
6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 4 e 1 2 5
7 3 8 6 9 t
P: 0 8 4 9 t 3
1 6 e 2 7 5
Elliott Carter:
Piano Concerto, Solo[ist][92]
1964–65 6-Z17 6-Z43 all-interval hexachord; ordered in register
I: 0 4 8 3 2 9
e 6 1 t 5 7
P: 0 8 5 t 7 1
6 4 e 2 3 9
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lulu, Alwa[44][52][53]
1934 6-Z25 6-Z47
I: 0 4 7 2 5 e
6 8 1 t 9 3
P: 0 8 7 t 4 5
2 9 e 3 1 6
Elliott Carter:
A Symphony of Three Orchestras[92]
1976 6-Z24 6-Z46 ordered in register
I: 0 4 5 2 8 7
t 3 1 9 e 6
P: 0 8 7 e t 9
3 1 4 2 6 5
 Play 
Anton Webern:
Variations for piano, mov. III, op. 27[101][102]
1936 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 4 5 1 2 3
9 e 8 t 6 7
P: 0 8 e t 2 1
4 3 7 6 9 5
Anton Webern:
Op. 29[103][35]
1938 6–2 6–2 semi-combinatorial, RI-invariant:
P0 = RI5
I: 0 4 1 2 t e
8 9 5 6 3 7
P: 0 8 e t 4 6
7 1 5 3 9 2
Ernst Krenek:
Sestina, op. 161[58]
1957 6–22 6–22
I: 0 4 1 2 8 6
5 e 7 9 3 t
P: 0 9 1 3 4 e
2 8 7 5 t 6
Luigi Dallapiccola:
Piccola musica notturna[104]
1954 6–8 6–8
I: 0 3 e 9 8 1
t 4 5 7 2 6
P: 0 9 1 8 4 5
7 2 3 6 t e
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Synthesizer[105]
1961 6–20 6–20
I: 0 3 e 4 8 7
5 t 9 6 2 1
P: 0 9 1 e t 2
8 7 5 4 6 3
 Play 
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments[106][107]
1948 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 3 e 1 2 t
4 5 7 8 6 9
P: 0 9 2 3 e t
5 4 1 6 7 8
Igor Stravinsky:
Epitaphium[2]
1959 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 3 t 9 1 2
7 8 e 6 5 4
P: 0 9 2 8 7 5
6 1 3 4 t e
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Capricorn", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75 6-Z47 6-Z25
I: 0 3 t 4 5 7
6 e 9 8 2 1
P: 0 9 8 4 7 6
1 t 3 5 e 2
David Dzubay: Di/Con[ver(gence/sions)][3] 1988 6-Z39 6-Z10
I: 0 3 4 8 5 6
e 2 9 7 1 t
P: 0 9 8 e t 2
3 4 5 7 1 6
Anton Webern:
Op. 22[108]
1929–30 6–2 6–2 semi-combinatorial
I: 0 3 4 1 2 t
9 8 7 5 e 6
P: 0 9 e 2 4 1
7 t 8 5 3 6
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments, row ii[26]
1948 6–8 6–8
I: 0 3 1 t 8 e
5 2 4 7 9 6
P: 0 t 1 2 5 4
6 3 7 e 8 9
Pierre Boulez:
Le marteau sans maître[3][109]
1953–55 6-Z10 6-Z39
I: 0 2 e t 7 8
6 9 5 1 4 3
P: 0 t 3 4 2 7
6 9 8 e 1 5
Charles Ives:
Tone Roads No. 1[110]
1911 6-Z46 6-Z24
I: 0 2 9 8 t 5
6 3 4 1 e 7
P: 0 t 3 e 8 7
1 2 5 9 4 6
Elliott Carter:
Night Fantasies[111]
1982 6–14 6–14
I: 0 2 9 1 4 5
e t 7 3 8 6
P: 0 t 9 8 7 5
e 1 2 3 4 6
Milton Babbitt:
Composition for Four Instruments, row i[26]
1948 6–8 6–8
I: 0 2 3 4 5 7
1 e t 9 8 6
P: 0 t 9 e 7 2
8 1 4 6 5 3
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Kreuzspiel[112]
1951 6-Z50 6-Z29
I: 0 2 3 1 5 t
4 e 8 6 7 9
P: 0 e 1 2 9 8
t 7 5 6 4 3
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Double Pas de Quatre"[2][113]
1957 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 1 e t 3 4
2 5 7 6 8 9
P: 0 e 1 3 4 2
5 7 6 8 t 9
Igor Stravinsky:
Fanfare[2]
1964 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 1 e 9 8 t
7 5 6 4 2 3
P: 0 e 1 3 4 2
7 6 9 5 8 t
Igor Stravinsky:
Canticum Sacrum, II & IV[2]
1955 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 1 e 9 8 t
5 6 3 7 4 2
P: 0 e 1 7 9 8
t 4 6 5 2 3
Chen Yi:
Woodwind Quintet[3][36]
1987 6-Z4 6-Z37
I: 0 1 e 5 3 4
2 8 6 7 t 9
P: 0 e 2 1 3 4
9 t 7 8 6 5
Arvo Pärt:
Diagrams[55]
1964 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 1 t e 9 8
3 2 5 4 6 7
P: 0 e 2 1 5 6
3 4 8 7 t 9
 Play 
Anton Webern:
String Quartet, Op. 28:[103][66][101]
1936 6–5 6–5 derived: 4–1 (BACH motif), semi-combinatorial
I: 0 1 t e 7 6
9 8 4 5 2 3
P: 0 e 2 3 4 1
6 5 8 9 t 7
Alberto Ginastera:
Violin Concerto, op. 30[28]
1963 6–1 6–1 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 1 t 9 8 e
6 7 4 3 2 5
P: 0 e 2 9 5 3
4 8 t 7 1 6
Elliott Carter:
String Quartet No. 3[114]
1973 6-Z23 6-Z45
I: 0 1 t 3 7 9
8 4 2 5 e 6
P: 0 e 3 1 7 9
6 2 t 5 8 4
Arnold Schoenberg:
Violin Phantasy, Op. 47[115][116]
1949 6–21 6–21
I: 0 1 9 e 5 3
6 t 2 7 4 8
P: 0 e 3 2 1 8
6 9 t 7 5 4
Igor Stravinsky:
Double Canon[2]
1959 6-Z36 6-Z3
I: 0 1 9 t e 4
6 3 2 5 7 8
P: 0 e 3 4 8 7
9 5 6 1 2 t
 Play 
Anton Webern:
Concerto for Nine Instruments, Op. 24[24][67][86][91][117]
1934 6–20 6–20 all-
combinatorial
, derived: 3–3
I: 0 1 9 8 4 5
3 7 6 e t 2
P: 0 e 4 5 7 3
2 6 8 1 t 9
David Lewin:
Just a Minute, Roger[118]
1978 6–16 6–16
I: 0 1 8 7 5 9
t 6 4 e 2 3
P: 0 e 5 2 1 6
3 8 7 4 t 9
Alfred Schnittke:
Viola Concerto[3]
1985 6–5 6–5
I: 0 1 7 t e 6
9 4 5 8 2 3
P: 0 e 5 9 6 2
7 3 1 4 t 9
Luigi Dallapiccola:
Cinque Canti[35]
6-Z50 6-Z29 RI-invariant:
P0 = RI9
I: 0 1 7 3 6 t
5 9 e 8 2 3
P: 0 e 6 5 4 3
1 t 9 7 2 8
Pierre Boulez:
Structures Ia[3][66]
1952 6–5 6–5
I: 0 1 6 7 8 9
e 2 3 5 t 4
P: 0 e 6 5 7 1
8 2 t 3 4 9
George Perle:
Three Inventions for Piano, no. 3[119]
6–7 6–7 all-
combinatorial
I: 0 1 6 7 5 e
4 t 2 9 8 3
P: 0 e 7 1 2 9
3 8 t 4 5 6
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite, mov. III[120]
1925–26 6–9 6–9
I: 0 1 5 e t 3
9 4 2 8 7 6
P: 0 e 7 1 4 8
3 9 t 2 5 6
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite, mov. VI, row 1[121]
1925–26 6-Z44 6-Z19
I: 0 1 5 e 8 4
9 3 2 t 7 6
P: 0 e 7 4 2 9
3 8 t 1 5 6
 Play 
Fritz Heinrich Klein[122]

Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite, mov. I[45][123]


Alberto Ginastera:
Sonata for Guitar, mvt. III, op. 47[28]

1920–22[124]

1925–26


1976

6–32 6–32 Mother chord (all-interval)
Trichordally combinatorial: 0369[125]
I: 0 1 5 8 t 3
9 4 2 e 7 6
P: 0 e 7 8 3 1
2 t 6 5 4 9
Arnold Schoenberg:
String quartet No. 4[63][115]
1936 6–16 6–16
I: 0 1 5 4 9 e
t 2 6 7 8 3
P: 0 e 8 4 7 3
1 5 2 6 9 t
Arnold Schoenberg:
Modern Psalm, Op. 50c[3]
1950 6–20 6–20
I: 0 1 4 8 5 9
e 7 t 6 3 2
P: 0 e 8 9 7 6
1 5 4 3 2 t
 Play 
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite, row 2[121]
1925–26 6-Z3 6-Z36
I: 0 1 4 3 5 6
e 7 8 9 t 2
P: 0 e 9 2 t 7
1 4 8 3 5 6
Milton Babbitt:
"The Widow's Lament in Springtime"[126]
1951 6–8 6–8
I: 0 1 3 t 2 5
e 8 4 9 7 6
P: 0 e 9 4 3 t
8 7 5 6 1 2
Dmitri Shostakovich:
Symphony No. 14, mov. I[81]
1969 6–5 6–5
I: 0 1 3 8 9 2
4 5 7 6 e t
P: 0 e 9 6 t 8
7 5 2 4 3 1
Igor Stravinsky:
Canticum Sacrum, II[2]
1955 6–2 6–2
I: 0 1 3 6 2 4
5 7 t 8 9 e
P: 0 e t 1 3 2
4 9 8 6 5 7
Alfred Schnittke:
String Quartet No. 4, Mov. I[3]
1989 6–1 6–1 all-combinatorial
I: 0 1 2 e 9 t
8 3 4 6 7 5
P: 0 e t 5 6 9
7 1 2 8 3 4
Arvo Pärt:
Symphony No. 1
Perpetuum Mobile[55]
1963
1963
6–5 6–5
I: 0 1 2 7 6 3
5 e t 4 9 8

Other lengths

Less than twelve

Five
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 e 8 9 t Igor Stravinsky:
In memoriam Dylan Thomas[127]
1954 5–1
Six
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 6 9 8 1 e
[128][129][130][131]
Pierre Boulez:
Messagesquisse

Répons


Dérive 1


Incises


sur Incises

1976

1984


1984


1994


1996

6-Z11, (6-Z40) Musical cryptogram:
Paul Sacher
Conrad Beck:
Für Paul Sacher: Drei Epigramme für Violoncello solo
1976
Luciano Berio:
Les Mots sont allés
Benjamin Britten:
Tema "Sacher"
Henri Dutilleux:
Trois Strophes sur le nom de Sacher
Wolfgang Fortner:
Zum Spielen für den 70. Geburtstag: Thema und Variationen für Violoncello Solo
Alberto Ginastera :Puneña n° 2, op. 45
Cristóbal Halffter:
Variationen über das Thema eSACHERe
Hans Werner Henze:
Capriccio per Paul Sacher
Heinz Holliger:
Chaconne, für Violoncello Solo
Klaus Huber:
Transpositio ad infinitum
Witold Lutosławski:
Sacher-Variationen
0 9 8 7 1 4
 Play 
Arnold Schoenberg:
Die glückliche Hand, Op. 18[132]

"Seraphita", op. 22, no. 1[132]

1910–13


1913–16

6-Z44 (6-Z19) Schoenberg hexachord
Eight
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 2 8 9
t 4 3 e
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite[44]
1925–26 8–5
0 2 9 7
t 8 e 1
Joonas Kokkonen:
Symphonic Sketches, mov. 3, row B[40]
1968 8–1
0 7 1 6
8 2 3 4
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite[44]
1925–26 8–5
0 8 2 3
t 4 9 e
Alban Berg:
Lyric Suite[44]
1925–26 8–5
0 t 2 4
5 7 3 1
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Pas-de-Deux" refrain
(b. 463–72)[133]
1957 8–10
0 t 3 5
2 4 1 e
Joonas Kokkonen:
Symphonic Sketches, mov. 3, row C[40]
1968 8–1
Nine
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 2 e 4 9
7 8 6 1
Joonas Kokkonen:
Symphonic Sketches, mov. 3, row D[40]
1968 9–8
Ten
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 e 2 1 5
6 4 9 7 8
Arvo Pärt:
Collage sur B-A-C-H[55]
1964 BACH motif
Eleven
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 1 e 5 6 8
7 9 2 3 4
Karel Husa:
Music for Prague 1968[3]
1968
0 4 3 e 2 7
6 8 t 5 1
Spacing,[134] orchestration not shown  Play 
Aaron Copland:
Inscape row 1[134]
1967
0 7 3 9 2 4
6 t 7 e 1
Aaron Copland:
Inscape row 2[134]
1967
0 e t 4 6 2
1 9 8 5 3
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Licht, Lucifer formula[70][135]
1977–
2003

More than twelve

Thirteen
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 1 4 5 t 8 7
t e 6 3 2 9
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Taurus", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75
0 1 t 6 8 3 5
2 4 e 9 7 0
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Choral[136]
1950
0 3 e 8 5 4
9 2 1 t 7 3 6
Luciano Berio:
Nones[137][138]
1953–54
0 4 1 5 7 t 2
8 e 9 3 6 9
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Pisces", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75
0 7 8 6 e t 2
5 1 3 9 4 0
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Licht, Michael formula[70]
1977–
2003
0 e 2 4 t 9
7 3 7 1 8 5 6
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Virgo", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75
0 e 4 t 9 5
8 6 2 1 6 7 3
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Klavierstück IV
(first row of 48)[65]
1952 6-Z38, 6-Z6
Fourteen
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 1 t 3 9 4 6
7 4 5 7 3 8 e
 Play 
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
"Libra", from Tierkreis[62]
1974–75
0 1 t 9 2 8 e
7 3 5 6 4 0 2
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Inori[139]
1973–74
0 e 2 4 1 8 t
e 9 4 7 5 3 6
Joonas Kokkonen:
Cello Concerto, mov. 3, row A[40]
1969
Seventeen
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 2 1 e t 8
9 e t 0 1 e
t 0 e 9 0
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, b. 104[140]
1957
0 2 3 5 4 9
7 8 e 1 6 e
t 0 e 9 0
Igor Stravinsky:
Agon, "Bransles"[140]
1957 6-Z40, 6-Z11
Twenty-two
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
0 e 6 8 7
2 1 3 t 9 4
6 9 7 8 3
1 2 4 e t 0
Joonas Kokkonen:
Cello Concerto, mov. 3, row B[40]
1969
Twenty-four
Prime form Notation Composer:
Composition
Year Set(s) Features
 0  1 12 14 23 22
19 18 20 21  3  4
16 13  6 15  8  7
17 10  9 11  2  5
Pierre Boulez:
Polyphonie X, quarter-tone series[141]
1950–51
 0 20  1 10  9 11
17 15 16  7  2  6
23 21 22 13  8 12
18 14 19  4  3  5
Karlheinz Stockhausen:
Himmelfahrt, mod24 (no octave equivalency)[142]
2004–
2005

See also

Sources

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  6. Whittall (2008), p.2.
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  109. Ulrich Mosch, Musikalisches Hören serieller Musik: Untersuchungen am Beispiel von Pierre Boulez' 'Le Marteau sans maître' (Saarbrücken: Pfau-Verlag, 2004): pp. 51, 71–72. ISBN 3-89727-253-9.
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  118. Andrew Mead, "Some Implications of the Pitch-Class/Order-Number IsomorphismInherent in the Twelve-Tone System: Part Two; The Mallelieu Complex: Its Extensions and Related Rows", Perspectives of New Music 27, no. 1 (Winter 1989): 180–233. Citation on pp. 209–13.
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  120. Stroh, Wolfgang Martin (Fall-Winter 1968). "Alban Berg's 'Constructive Rhythm'". Perspectives of New Music 7 (1): 18–31. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
  121. 1 2 Antokoletz, Elliott (1992). Twentieth-Century Music, p.70. ISBN 9780139341267.
  122. Whittall (2008), p.68.
  123. Perle, George (1996). Twelve-Tone Tonality, pp.12, 14, & 20. ISBN 0-520-20142-6.
  124. Pople, Anthony, ed. (1997). The Cambridge Companion to Berg, p.288-9, no.27. ISBN 9780521564892.
  125. Headlam, David John (1996). The Music of Alban Berg, p.202. Yale University. ISBN 9780300064001.
  126. Morris (2010), p.45. ISBN 9781580463492.
  127. Whittall (2008), p.127.
  128. Whittall (2008), 206.
  129. Steven Stucky, Lutosławski and His Music (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981): 97. ISBN 9780521227995.
  130. Robin Stowell, The Cambridge Companion to the Cello (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1999): 144. ISBN 9780521629287.
  131. Edward Campbell, Boulez, Music and Philosophy, . (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2010): 206. ISBN 978-0-521-86242-4.
  132. 1 2 Simms, Bryan R. (2000). The Atonal Music of Arnold Schoenberg, 1908–1923, p.145. ISBN 0-19-512826-5.
  133. Smyth (Summer 1999), pp. 135.
  134. 1 2 3 Ensign, Jeffrey S. "From Outward Appearance to Inner Reality: A Reading of Aaron Copland's Inscape". Master of Music (Music Theory), December 2010, 72 pp.
  135. Frisius and Stockhausen (1998). "Es geht aufwärts", pp. 396, 446. ISBN 978-3-00-002131-2.
  136. Frisius, Rudolf. 2008. Karlheinz Stockhausen II: Die Werke 1950–1977; Gespräch mit Karlheinz Stockhausen, p.29. Mainz, London, Berlin, Madrid, New York, Paris, Prague, Tokyo, Toronto: Schott Musik International. ISBN 978-3-7957-0249-6.
  137. Michael Hicks, "Exorcism and Epiphany: Luciano Berio's Nones", Perspectives of New Music 27, no. 2 (Summer 1989): pp. 252–68. Citation on p. 254.
  138. Christoph Neidhöfer, "Inside Luciano Berio's Serialism", Music Analysis 28, nos. 2–3 (2009): pp. 301–48. Citation on p. 306.
  139. Frisius and Stockhausen (1998). "Es geht aufwärts", p. 394. ISBN 978-3-00-002131-2.
  140. 1 2 Smyth (Summer 1999), p. 142.
  141. Pierre Boulez, "The System Exposed" in Orientations: Collected Writings by Pierre Boulez, edited by Jean-Jacques Nattiez, translated by Martin Cooper, 129–42 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986): p. 129. ISBN 0-674-64375-5.
  142. Karlheinz Stockhausen, Stockhausen-Kurse Kürten 2006: Kompositions-Kurs über KLANG, Die 24 Stunden des Tages: Erste Stunde: HIMMELFAHRT für Orgel oder Synthesize, Sopran, Tenor, 2004/05/Stockhausen-Courses Kuerten 2006: Composition Course on KLANG/SOUND, the 24 Hours of the Day: First Hour: ASCENSION for Organ or Synthesizer, Soprano and Tenor, 2004/05, Work No. 81 (Kürten: Stockhausen-Verlag, 2006): p. 12.
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