Mughal-Mongol genealogy

The rulers of the Mughal Empire shared certain genealogical relations with the Mongol royals. As they emerged in a time when this distinction had become less common, the Mughals identification as such has stuck and they have become known as one of the last Mongol successor states. As descendants of Timur, they are also members of the Timurid Dynasty, and therefore were connected to other royal families in the Mediterranean, Middle East, and Far East.

Timur was not directly descended from Genghis Khan in the male line, and therefore neither were his descendants. Timur's descendants were descended from Genghis Khan through his wife, Empress Saray Mulk Khanum. Babur and his descendants, the Mughals, were direct male-line descendants of Timur, and were additionally descended from Genghis Khan again through Babur's mother, Queen Qutlugh Nigar Khanum.