Nukufetau

Nukufetau
Atoll

Nukufetau atoll from space
Nukufetau

Location in Tuvalu

Coordinates: 08°00′S 178°30′E / 8.000°S 178.500°E / -8.000; 178.500Coordinates: 08°00′S 178°30′E / 8.000°S 178.500°E / -8.000; 178.500
Country Tuvalu
Population (2012)
 • Total 536
ISO 3166 code TV-NKF
Main article: Tuvalu

Nukufetau is an atoll that is part of the nation of Tuvalu.[1][2] The atoll was claimed by the US under the Guano Islands Act some time in the 19th century and was ceded in a treaty of friendship concluded in 1979 and coming into force in 1983. It has a population of 536 who live on Savave islet (2012 census).[3] In 1951 the school that was located on Motumua islet was transferred to Savave and became the government primary school for Nukufetau.[4] It was named the Tutasi Memorial School in honour of its predecessor.

Geography

Nukufetau is an atoll with passages through the reef that allow large ships to enter and anchor in the lagoon. Nukufetau consists of at least 33 isles:

The biggest island is Motulalo. In the late 19th century, after the coming of the missionaries, the people of Nukufetau lived on Fale islet before shifting to Savave which is on the lagoon side of the Fale settlement.[5]

On Savave islet 331 people live in Aulotu and 191 live in Maneapa (2012 census).[3]

History

Nukufetau islander (1841).
A man from the Nukufetau atoll, drawn by Alfred Agate in 1841.

The traditional history of Nukufetau is that a party of Tongans were the first people to settle. When they landed they found only one fetau (or fetaʻu in Tongan) tree growing on the atoll, so they called the place Nukufetau - the island of the fetau. They planted coconut trees and settled on Fale on the western side of the atoll.[6]

Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours,[7][8] passed through the southern Tuvalu waters in May 1819 sighting Nukufetau.[9]

In 1820 the Russian explorer Mikhail Lazarev visited Nukufetau as commander of the Mirny.[9][10]

The United States Exploring Expedition under Charles Wilkes visited Nukufetau in 1841.[11]

Louis Becke, who later became a writer, operated a store on Nukufetau from February 1881 to August 1881.[12] Becke later wrote a story about a fishing expedition: The Fisher Folk Of Nukufetau.[13]

The population of Nukufetau from 1860-1900 is estimated to be 250 people.[14][15]

Alfred Restieaux was a trader on Nukufetau in the late 19th century from 1873 to 1879 and met his wife Litia.[16][17] He returned sometime in the 1880s; in 1892 Captain Davis, of HMS Royalist, recorded Alfred Restieaux and Emile Fenisot as trading on Nukufetau.[18][19] Restieaux died on Nukufetau in 1911.

Nukufetau Post Office opened around 1925.[20]

During World War II Coastwatchers, who observed and reported on Japanese shipping, had a station on Nukufetau.[21] In 1943 United States Navy Seabees build a deepwater wharf and an airfield on Motulalo, which is the largest islet of Nukufetau.[22] Two intersecting runways of Nukufetau Airfield formed an "X" shape.

B-24s were based at the airfield. The Marine Attack Squadron 331 (VMA-331) also flew Douglas SBD Dauntless dive bombers from Nukufetau.[23] After the war the airfield was dismantled and the land returned to its owners, however as the coral base was compacted to make the runway the land now provides poor ground for growing coconuts.[22]

Cyclone Pam, March 2015

Nukufetau was affected by storm surges caused by Cyclone Pam in early March 2015, which damaged houses, crops and infrastructure. As of 22 March, 76 people (13 percent of the population) were displaced and were living in 2 evacuation centres.[24] The Situation Report published on 30 March reported that on Nukufetau all the displaced people have returned to their homes.[25] Nukufetau suffering the loss of 90% of the crops.[25]

In 2016 a 500-metre seawall was constructed to improve the defences against severe wet weather events. The $8 million cost of the project was paid by the United Nations Development Programme and was carried out by dredging and civil contracting company Hall Pacific.[26]

General election, 2015

In the Nukufetau electorate Enele Sopoaga and Elisala Pita, were not opposed by other candidates. The Tuvaluan general election, 2015 was held on 31 March.[27]

Nukufetau constituency results
Party Candidate Votes %
Non-partisan Enele Sopoaga Elected unopposed
Non-partisan Elisala Pita Elected unopposed

Notable local people

References

  1. ↑ Map of Nukufetau Atoll. Tuvaluislands.com.
  2. ↑ British Admiralty Nautical Chart 766 Ellice Islands (1893 ed.). United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO). 21 March 1872.
  3. 1 2 "Population of communities in Tuvalu". Thomas Brinkhoff. 11 April 2012. Retrieved 20 March 2016.
  4. ↑ Nofoaiga Lafita, Hugh Laracy (ed.) (1983). "Chapter 12 - Nukufetau". Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. p. 91.
  5. ↑ Nofoaiga Lafita, Hugh Laracy (ed.) (1983). "Chapter 12 - Nukufetau". Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. pp. 86–87.
  6. ↑ Nofoaiga Lafita, Hugh Laracy (ed.) (1983). "Chapter 12 - Nukufetau". Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. p. 86.
  7. ↑ "De Peyster, Arent Schuyler, 1779-1863. Details of the discovery of the Ellice and de Peyster Islands in the Pacific Ocean in May, 1819" (PDF). Bibliothèque nationale du Québec.
  8. ↑ "The De Peysters".
  9. 1 2 Laumua Kofe, Hugh Laracy (ed.) (1983). "Chapter 15 - Palagi and Pastors". Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. pp. 102–103.
  10. ↑ Keith S. Chambers & Doug Munro, The Mystery of Gran Cocal: European Discovery and Mis-Discovery in Tuvalu, 89(2) (1980) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 167-198
  11. ↑ Tyler, David B. - 1968 The Wilkes Expedition. The First United States Exploring Expedition (1838-42). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society
  12. ↑ 'Louis Beck, Adventurer and Writer', Chapter 8, Rascals in Paradise, James A. Michener and Arthur Grove Day, Secker and Warburg (1957)
  13. ↑ Becke, Louis. "The Fisher Folk Of Nukufetau". Retrieved 5 October 2013.
  14. ↑ W.F. Newton, The Early Population of the Ellice Islands, 76(2) (1967) The Journal of the Polynesian Society, 197-204.
  15. ↑ Richard Bedford, Barrie Macdonald & Doug Monro, Population Estimates for Kiribati and Tuvalu (1980) 89(1) J. of the Polynesian Society 199
  16. ↑ Resture, Jane. "From Restieaux to Resture". Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  17. ↑ Resture, Alfred. "Alfred Restieaux Manuscripts – Part 2". Jane Resture. Retrieved 23 March 2013.
  18. ↑ Resture, Jane. "TUVALU HISTORY - 'The Davis Diaries' (H.M.S. Royalist, 1892 visit to Ellice Islands under Captain Davis)". Retrieved 20 Sep 2011.
  19. ↑ "A Brief History of Tuvalu". Retrieved 23 March 2013.
  20. ↑ Premier Postal History. "Post Office List". Premier Postal Auctions. Retrieved 5 July 2013.
  21. ↑ Clayworth, Peter (16 November 2012). "Coast-watching headquarters at Nukufetau, Ellice Islands, 1941". 'Intelligence services - Intelligence services, 1800s to 1945', Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
  22. 1 2 Melei Telavi, Hugh Laracy (ed.) (1983). "Chapter 18 - War". Tuvalu: A History. Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu. p. 143.
  23. ↑ Bartsch, Bill. "War Relics in Tuvalu and Kiribati" (PDF). South Pacific Bulletin (1975). Retrieved 7 April 2014.
  24. ↑ "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 1 (as of 22 March 2015)". Relief Web. 22 March 2015. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
  25. 1 2 "Tuvalu: Tropical Cyclone Pam Situation Report No. 2 (as of 30 March 2015)". Relief Web. 30 March 2015. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
  26. ↑ Shute, Peni (24 August 2016). "Construction of 500-metre-long seawall commences in Tuvalu". Newswire. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
  27. ↑ "Election looks set to return Sopoaga as Tuvalu's PM". Radio New Zealand. 2 April 2015. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
  28. ↑ Lansford, Tom (2015). Political Handbook of the World 2015. CQ Press.
  29. ↑ "Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu)". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2002. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
  30. ↑ "Palamene o Tuvalu (Parliament of Tuvalu)". Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2006. Retrieved 7 March 2013.


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