Olanchito

Olanchito
Municipality
Olanchito

Location in Honduras

Coordinates: HN 15°29′N 86°35′W / 15.483°N 86.583°W / 15.483; -86.583
Country Honduras
Department Yoro
Area
 • Total 2,028 km2 (783 sq mi)
Population (2015)
 • Total 108,422
 • Density 53/km2 (140/sq mi)
Time zone Central America (UTC-6)
Climate Aw

Olanchito is a town and municipality in the Honduran department of Yoro.

History

The conquest of Honduras began with the arrival of several expeditions sent by Hernán Cortés, to extend the domain of Spain on Central America. In 1525 by his orders is the town of Truxillo, which would become the more important Atlantic port and the first capital of Honduras, and the outpost to the colonisation of hostile territory Olancho Valley, inside the country. Hernando de Saavedra, Governor of Honduras, had a dispute with his counterpart in Nicaragua Pedrarias Davila on the rich gold deposits and rivers of Olancho. After several battles between rival groups of Spanish for control of the area, was established the town of "San Jorge de Olancho". and because of the mistreatment of natives of Olancho these unexpectedly rebelled and attacked the place, destroying it completely. In this rebellion died Captain Juan de Grijalva one of the conquerors of the Aztec empire. The survivors were scattered, some in the town of "Border of Caceres" in 1526, and others went to the Valley of Aguan.

With the death of Diego de Salcedo, Governor of Honduras in 1530, the province was in caos. Domingo Juarrros Spanish chronicler says "not neglecting either the Governor and Captain General, the important issue of extending the settlement and continue the conquest of people who were not yet subjugated, sent Diego de Alvarado, his brother, Captain expert in things of war to found a town in the Province of Tezulutlán, according to Herrera, or in that of Honduras as Juarros, which says established the village of San Jorge ú Olanchito."[1]

The Guatemalan historian José Mata Gavidia explains: "With these and other graces came to Guatemala D. Pedro de Alvarado, for the year April 30. bringing people of Mexico, and some that found here in Nicaragua, Diego de Alvarado sent brother Jorge to found the city, called Olanchito, in the province of Honduras."[2]

It follows that the town of San Jorge de Olanchito was founded in 1530, located on the right bank of the Aguán river, its first inhabitants were few survivors of San Jorge de Olancho and others sent by Pedro de Alvarado, becoming in a staging of "Camino Real", which led from Truxillo to Olancho.

Ten years later (1540) the Governor Francisco de Montejo, was ordered to continue the colonisation of Olancho and sent his officer Alonzo Caceres, who established a settlement with the same last name: "San Jorge de Olancho" (The Viejo). Years later Alonzo de Reinoso founded the village of "New Salamanca", which was rapidly depopulated due to continuing native rebellions.

Olancho mining town was flourishing, producing huge amounts of gold and silver that was shipped in the port of Truxillo and Puerto Caballos. According to the chronicler Antonio Vasquez deEspinoza (in 1629) .... The city of San Jorge de Olancho is far from Comayagua to esnordeste 40 leagues, in the road of the city and port of Truxillo "...

In 1611 it was completely destroyed the town of San Jorge de Olancho, located in the foothills later known as "El Boqueron." several hondurans historians attribute it to a volcanic eruption or an earthquake, and some legends to divine causes, such as Biblical case of Sodom and Gomorrah. The survivors of this catastrophe, migrated in several directions as their ancestors had done a century earlier. Some founded the city of Juticalpa and others headed to San Jorge de Olanchito and Truxillo.

At Over the years, some people moved to the left bank of Aguán river, and on the route leading to the native village of Agalteca, established a place they called "San Jorge de Olancho" (The New). With the move all of the residents of the town to the new place, it took its name "San Jorge de Olanchito", and the old site was known then as "Old City" or "San Juan El Sevillano".

It is unknown the exact date of the foundation of the present city of Olanchito but this may have occurred between 1613–1620. The settlers were colonising the upper valley, and the road leading to Yoro, sites were established "Santa Barbara" in 1657, by Captain Pedro de Aliendo and Subiñas and "Santa Cruz" in 1682 by Don John of the Cross.[3]

In a report presented by Ing Luis Diez Navarro (1742–1745), to the King of Spain says: "The capital is that city of Comayagua, and has four cities named Gracias a Dios, that is the West, San Pedro Sula at northeast, San Jorge Olanchito at Levante [East] ... Forward the Partido of San Jorge Olanchito is Sonaguera, and Port of Truxillo distant twenty leagues"[4]

Another document concerning the invasion of the English: says: "In 1747, the British themselves with Miskito natives until Sonaguera village, where they committed great crimes and would have done more damage but for the energetic attitude of Governor Tablada. So says the latter adds that those foreigners who spared no means to intimidate Olanchito and Olancho El Viejo."[5]

In 1797 there was still a war between Spain and England: "In part this Captaincy General directed by the Lord Mayor Governor of the Province of Comayagua, Ramon Anguiano, from Olanchito in early this month have reported the following ads: On April 26 before five in the afternoon the British had place, two warships and a brigantine at the Voca of Truxillo Port given these and other provisions they go to the place known as The Ofrecedora, which contributed effectively to the back the Governor Intendant, as expressed through a cordon of Olanchito troops who had settled in contours Sonaguera."[6]

In the late eighteenth century due to this situation, the archive and the treasury of Real Hacienda de Truxillo was forwarded to town of Olanchito.

Sports

The local football club, Social Sol, play in the Honduran second division. They play their home games at the Estadio San Jorge.

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ José Milla and Vidaurre. History of Central America continued by Gomez Carrillo, Chapter XI, p, 228, Vol I, 1879–1905 Guatemala
  2. ↑ Jose Mata Gavidia (1969) p, 136. Guatemala No. 189 C: A:
  3. ↑ "New Lands File Index" National Printing 2nd edition 1901. Tegucigalpa. p. 182 to 218
  4. ↑ Manuel Sanchez Rubio. History of the Port of Truxillo Vol II p. 251 (1975) B: C: H: Printing shops Lopez y Cia
  5. ↑ University Magazine No 1, p. 55, Volume VII Tegucigalpa 15 January 1915
  6. ↑ Guatemala Gazette, Wednesday 17 May 1797, Folio 113

Coordinates: 15°29′N 86°35′W / 15.483°N 86.583°W / 15.483; -86.583

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