Oldenlandia

Oldenlandia
Oldenlandia corymbosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Gentianales
Family: Rubiaceae
Subfamily: Rubioideae
Tribe: Spermacoceae
Genus: Oldenlandia
Linnaeus
Type species
Oldenlandia corymbosa
Linnaeus
Species

Many, see text

Oldenlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution and has about 240 species.[1][2] The type species for the genus is Oldenlandia corymbosa.[3]

Oldenlandia was named by Linnaeus in 1753 in Species Plantarum.[4] The name honors the Danish botanist Henrik Bernard Oldenland (c.1663-1699).[5] Some species are important in ethnomedicine; a number (usually island endemics) are threatened species, with one species and one variety being completely extinct already.

Some botanists have not recognized Oldenlandia, but have placed some or all of its species in a broadly defined Hedyotis.[6] More recently, the circumscription of Hedyotis has been narrowed to a monophyletic group of about 115 species and no longer includes Oldenlandia.[7] The genus Oldenlandia, as presently defined, is several times polyphyletic and will eventually be reduced to a group of species closely related to the type species. This group, known informally as Oldenlandia sensu stricto, is sister to a section of Kohautia that will eventually be separated from Kohautia and named as a new genus.[7]

Selected species
  • Oldenlandia marcanii Craib
  • Oldenlandia microtheca (D.F.K.Schldl. & Cham.) DC.
  • Oldenlandia ocellata
  • Oldenlandia oxycoccoides Bremek.
  • Oldenlandia patula Bremek.
  • Oldenlandia polyclada (F.Muell.) F.Muell.
  • Oldenlandia pulvinata
  • Oldenlandia sieberi Baker
    • Oldenlandia sieberi var. congesta
    • Oldenlandia sieberi var. sieberi (extinct)
  • Oldenlandia spathulata
  • Oldenlandia tenelliflora
    • Oldenlandia tenelliflora var. papuana
  • Oldenlandia thysanota (Halford) Halford
  • Oldenlandia umbellata – Chay Root, Choy Root
  • Oldenlandia uvinsae Verdc.

References

  1. ↑ Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Helga Ochoterena, Claes Persson, Timothy J. Motley, Jesper Kårehed, Birgitta Bremer, Suzy Huysmans, and Erik Smets. 2009. "Phylogeny of the herbaceous tribe Spermacoceae (Rubiaceae) based on plastid DNA data". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96(1):109-132.
  2. ↑ David J. Mabberley. 2008. Mabberley's Plant-Book third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4
  3. ↑ Oldenlandia In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In: Regnum Vegetabile (see External links below).
  4. ↑ Carolus Linnaeus. 1753. Species Plantarum 1:119. Laurentii Salvii. (see External Links below).
  5. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names, volume III. CRC Press: Baton Rouge, New York, London, Washington DC. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (vol. III). (see External links below).
  6. ↑ Edward E. Terrell (Jun 10, 1996), "Revision of Houstonia (Rubiaceae-Hedyotideae)", Systematic Botany Monographs, 48: 1–118, doi:10.2307/25027862
  7. 1 2 Jesper Kårehed, Inge Groeninckx, Steven Dessein, Timothy J. Motley, and Birgitta Bremer. 2008. "The phylogenetic utility of chloroplast and nuclear DNA markers and the phylogeny of the Rubiaceae tribe Spermacoceae". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49(3):843-866. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.025
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