Pieter Snyers

Not to be confused with Pieter Snayers.
Aquarius or The Month of January

Pieter Snyers or Peter Snijers (first name also written as: 'Peeter' and nickname 'De Heilige' or 'The Holy One') (30 March 1681 - 4 May 1752) was a Flemish art collector, painter, draughtsman and engraver who worked in a wide variety of genres.

Life

Pieter Snyers was born in Antwerp into a well-off merchant family.[1] He studied under Alexander van Bredael in 1694. He was registered as a master of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in 1707.[2] He became in 1741 one of the directors of the Antwerp Academy, which eventually replaced the Guild of Saint Luke.[3]

The bird's nest

He is reported to have resided in London in the period from 1720 to 1726, where he painted portraits of various members of the nobility.[4] He was given the nickname De Heilige or The Holy One because of his calm and pious lifestyle.[2] He married Maria Catharina van der Boven in 1726. This marriage left no children.[1]

He was the teacher of his nephew Pieter Jan Snyers and Jacob Xavier Vermoelen.[2][5]

He died in Antwerp. His estate included a large collection of art works of major artists of the preceding century showing that he was well-off.[2][6] His nephew and pupil Pieter Jan Snyers was heir to his considerable fortune.[1]

Work

Still life with dead game

Snyers was a versatile artist who painted in many genres including portraits, genre paintings, landscapes, still lifes, flower pieces, animal paintings, fruit pieces, game pieces, vegetable still lifes and plants. He painted both on large canvases and small copper plates. He was said never to have painted a composition twice.

Snyers painted a series of 12 paintings, each representing a different month of the year. This series is regarded as the masterpiece of the artist and never left his studio during his lifetime. The paintings were dispersed in 1763 when they were auctioned off.[7] Two of the paintings (January and July) are now in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts in Antwerp and two (April and May) in the Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium in Brussels.[2] Another two, those for March and December, were auctioned by Christie's (New York, 29 January 1998, lot 3).[8] There is a reduced copy of the month of March in the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.[7] The paintings in the series are genre paintings which include a representation of each month by its astrological sign. The painting of the month of January in the Royal Museum of Fine Arts, Antwerp depicts three Epiphany singers with a big star and a few women and children with special cakes, particular to the winter season, together with a man pouring water who symbolises Aquarius, the astrological sign of January. The painting series may, directly or indirectly, have inspired Pieter Casteels III and Jacob van Huysum to produce a series of paintings of the 12 months.[9]

His still lifes include outdoor settings with dead game and forest floors and indoor compositions with a profusion of small objects, fruits, single blossoms, nuts and other objects scattered across a surface.[10]

Snyers was also an engraver. The British Museum holds a charming portrait of a sleeping boy by Snyers.[11] He also produced an etched selfportrait (Rijksmuseum Amsterdam).[12]

Notes

Still life with tistle and nest
  1. 1 2 3 SNYERS (Peeter) in: Christiaan Kramm, De levens en werken der Hollandsche en Vlaamsche kunstschilders, beeldhouwers, graveurs en bouwmeesters, van den vroegsten tot op onzen tijd. Gebroeders Diederichs, Amsterdam 1857-1864 (Dutch)
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Peter Snijers at the Netherlands Institute for Art History (Dutch)
  3. ↑ Pieter Snijers on the site of the National Gallery
  4. ↑ "Snyers, Pieter" in Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers by Michael Bryan, edited by Robert Edmund Graves and Sir Walter Armstrong, an 1886–1889, vol. 5, p. 97.
  5. ↑ Jacob Xavier Vermoelen (1714-1784), Dead Birds at the Foot of a Tree and on a rocky Bank, on Christie's website
  6. ↑ The Collector's Cabinet: Flemish Paintings from New England Private Collections, Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1983, p. 112
  7. 1 2 Peter Snijers, Leeuw at the Royal Museum of Fine Arts Antwerp (Dutch)
  8. ↑ Peter Snijers, Market scene at Sotheby's
  9. ↑ Sam Segal, Mariël Ellens, Joris Dik, Stedelijk Museum "Het Prinsenhof.", Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, The temptations of Flora: Jan van Huysum, 1682-1749, Waanders, 2007, p. 321.
  10. ↑ Pieter Snijers (1681 - 1752): Still Life with Fruit and Flowers at the Ashmolean Museum
  11. ↑ Peeter Snyers, Head of a sleeping boy at the British Museum
  12. ↑ Peter Snijers, Zelfportret at the Rijksmuseum (Dutch)
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