Pilotwings 64

Pilotwings 64

The image shows a stylized title displaying "Pilotwings 64" in blue and red text. Two characters pose on the far left beside a yellow and checkerboard-colored autogyro. A third character is running from the right side of the foreground toward the others. On the right are the logos "Only for Nintendo 64" under a peeled away portion of the image and "K–A ESRB" set within a red tint.

North American Nintendo 64 cover art
Developer(s) Nintendo
Paradigm Simulation
Publisher(s) Nintendo
Director(s) Makoto Wada
Producer(s) Genyo Takeda
Shigeru Miyamoto
Composer(s) Dan Hess
Series Pilotwings
Platform(s) Nintendo 64
Release date(s)

‹See Tfd›

Genre(s) Amateur flight simulation
Mode(s) Single-player

Pilotwings 64 (パイロットウイングス64 Pairottouingusu Rokujūyon) is a video game for the Nintendo 64, originally released in 1996 along with the debut of the console. The game was co-developed by Nintendo and the American visual technology group Paradigm Simulation. It was one of three launch titles for the Nintendo 64 in Japan as well as Europe and one of two launch titles in North America. Pilotwings 64 is a follow-up to Pilotwings for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES), which was a North American launch game for its respective console in 1991. Also like that game, Pilotwings 64 received production input from Nintendo producer Shigeru Miyamoto.

Pilotwings 64 is a 3D amateur flight simulator that puts the player in control of one of six pilots as they try to earn pilot licenses through various forms of aviation. The events are flying an autogyro, using a jet pack, and hang gliding. Several bonus tasks are offered, such as skydiving and a human cannonball test. The game also puts focus on allowing the player to freely explore its detailed 3D environments, most notably a miniature representation of the United States.

The game received positive review scores and praise from gaming publications and news sources alike for its visual presentation and flying controls. Similar to its SNES predecessor, Pilotwings 64 serves to demonstrate the graphical capabilities of its gaming hardware. Although the flight simulator did not enjoy the same commercial success as its fellow launch game Super Mario 64, Pilotwings 64 nonetheless went on to sell over one million copies worldwide.

Gameplay

The screenshot shows a character in a red hang glider descending along an icey river between two snow-covered mountains. Green rings made up of yellow triangles accent the desired path. A radar is displayed at the top right. The character's time is on the top left. The character's speed, number of available photographs, and altitude are displayed at the bottom.
Piloting the hang glider, the player navigates a series of descending rings along a river.

Pilotwings 64 is a 3D flight simulator in which the player must complete a variety of missions involving different airborne vehicles and air sports. Before each mission, the player must choose one of six character pilots, each with their own advantages and disadvantages based on factors such as weight.[4][5] The tests presented to the player require him or her to complete an objective in order to earn a license for the given event. Depending on the mission, points are awarded or deducted based on time, damage, fuel usage, accuracy, softness of landing, and similar criteria. The player is awarded either a bronze, silver, or gold license based on the number of points attained.[4][6] More difficult tests become available as the player progresses.

There are three main events in Pilotwings 64 required to complete the game, each of which has its own objectives and unique flight controls centered around the Nintendo 64 controller's single analog stick. The first, hang gliding, usually requires the player to fly through a series of floating marker rings or snap a photograph of a particular piece of scenery before landing in a target area.[4][6] The player's movement is affected by wind currents and altitude can be gained by flying through thermal columns. The second event is the "Rocket Belt", a jet pack that allows the player to move and gain height as well as hover, tilt, and rotate in the air using the belt's equipped thrusters. Goals entail flying through rings or popping large balloons before landing.[4][6] The third event, the gyrocopter, challenges the player to take off and land on a runway after completing objectives like navigating a path of rings or destroying targets with missiles.[4][6] Pilotwings 64 also features several bonus events that are unlocked if the player performs well in the main missions.[4] The player can also earn medals on many of these events. They include skydiving, a human cannonball event, and the "Jumble Hopper", which grants the player special spring-loaded boots to be used in bouncing across the landscape to an end space.[4][6] Lastly, Pilotwings 64 features a "Birdman" mode that puts the character in a bird suit and gives players the opportunity to freely explore the game's detailed, object-dense environments set among its four distinct islands.[4] One of the islands is based on the United States, and has geographical replications of famous landmarks including the Statue of Liberty and Mount Rushmore and major cities such as Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York City.[4][5][6]

Representations of Nintendo characters and many other interesting quirks can be found in the landscapes of the game.

Development

Pilotwings 64 was co-developed by the Texas-based graphics company Paradigm Simulation and Nintendo's Entertainment Analysis and Development (EAD) and Integrated Research and Development (IRD) divisions. Due to Paradigm's experience with Silicon Graphics workstations, Nintendo contacted the American company in 1994 concerning it becoming one of the Nintendo 64's "Dream Team" of first developers.[6][7][8] Paradigm worked directly with a team at Silicon Graphics and spent nine months developing a technology base for Pilotwings 64 and Paradigm's other Nintendo 64 releases. Development on Pilotwings 64 began in earnest during June 1995, with Nintendo working on the game design and Paradigm working on the technical production.[7][9] Nintendo's Genyo Takeda and Makoto Wada acted as Paradigm's primary technical and design contacts individually.[7] Wada, the game's director, was also involved in design aspects such as modeling and animation.[10] Shigeru Miyamoto, the producer of Pilotwings for the SNES, reprised his role for Pilotwings 64 and oversaw the project from Japan. Miyamoto's involvement was more removed than with the SNES game due to his simultaneous work on the platformer Super Mario 64.[6][11]

It's difficult to explain, but the feeling of the flight simulation is very realistic. You can glide down from the top of a mountain, then turn around and look back up at the peak and say, 'Hey, I was just up there.' It's that real.

“
”

Shigeru Miyamoto, June 1996[12]

According to Miyamoto, Pilotwings 64 was designed to allow gamers to experience free flight in realistic 3D environments on the Nintendo 64.[12] Prior to the game's conception, Paradigm had worked on military vehicle and flight simulators, but not video games. Dave Gatchel of Paradigm disclosed that with regard to creating the game, they began with a "physics-based approach", but deviated from this in order to gain a balance between accuracy and fun for players.[6] He indicated that there was never an issue as to whether Pilotwings 64 should be more of an arcade game or a simulation, as their goal was to "always have a more arcade feel".[7] The technical team studied the original Pilotwings extensively during development.[6] Pilotwings on the SNES makes use of the power of the 16-bit console, principally its Mode 7 capability.[5][13] Similarly, Pilotwings 64 prominently demonstrates the graphical features of its own console. Gatchel suggested that just as design elements present in the game generated its production requirements, these same elements were influenced by the Nintendo 64's technology during development.[9] The large islands within the game were created using Paradigm's own 3D development tool Vega UltraVision.[14] Navigation of these environments is relatively smooth thanks to Pilotwings 64 taking advantage of several key Nintendo 64 hardware features.[5] Conventional level of detail and mipmapping were used to reduce the computational load of distant landscape objects and terrains when they were rendered. The processes respectively substitute simpler geometrical shapes for more complex ones and less detailed textures for more detailed ones, lowering the polygon count and 3D rendering time for a given frame and thus putting less demand on the geometric engine.[5] Pilotwings 64 also applies z-buffering, which keeps track of an object's depth and tells the graphics processor which portions of the object to render and which to hide. This, along with texture filtering and anti-aliasing, makes the object appear solid and smooth along its edges rather than pixelated.[5]

As Nintendo was in charge of its actual game design, they dictated the aircraft and characters that would be present in the game.[6][15] The six playable pilots in Pilotwings 64 are all named after various birds. The character Lark is modeled after Nester, a mascot for the North American Nintendo Power magazine.[4][16] The female character Robin is called "Hooter" in the Japanese version.[17][18] The soundtrack for Pilotwings 64 was composed and arranged by Dan Hess. The tracks were produced to complement each level, such as a "soothing" jazz-inspired musical piece played during the exploratory Birdman mode.[19] A now out-of-print CD soundtrack was released by Pony Canyon in Japan on December 16, 1996.[20]

Pilotwings 64 was one of thirteen Nintendo 64 games shown at Shoshinkai show in Tokyo in November 1995 when the console was first demonstrated to the public as the "Ultra 64".[11][21] The game was later displayed at the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) in Los Angeles during May 1996.[22]

Reception and legacy

Reception
Review scores
PublicationScore
CVG9 out of 10[23]
Edge9 out of 10[24]
EGM8.4 out of 10[25]
Famitsu29 out of 40[26]
GameFan95 out of 100[27]
Game Informer9.25 out of 10[28]
GamePro[29]
Game RevolutionD+[30]
GameSpot8.9 out of 10[31]
Hyper93%[32]
IGN8.2 out of 10[33]
Nintendo Power3.825 out of 5[34]
Maximum[35]
Next Generation[36]

Pilotwings 64 was released in Japan on June 23, 1996 as one of three Nintendo 64 launch titles, the other two being Super Mario 64 and Saikyō Habu Shōgi.[1][37] Pilotwings 64 managed to sell about one unit with about every tenth Nintendo 64 console, with regional sales totaling 136,986 copies by the end of the year.[38][39] The game was one of two original releases for the system during its September 26, 1996 debut in North America, which was a few days earlier than the date set by Nintendo.[2] While Super Mario 64 initially sold at a one-to-one ratio with each console in the United States, Pilotwings 64 sold an average of one copy with every fourth console.[40][41][42] Despite selling out, some store locations for Electronics Boutique and KB Toys reported little or no units of the flight simulator being shipped to retailers.[42] About 90,000 copies of Pilotwings 64 were sold in its first few days on sale in the country, putting the game at number four on the NPD Group sales charts for that September.[43][44] Pilotwings 64 saw a release in European nations on March 1, 1997, when it was one of three launch games along with Super Mario 64 and Star Wars: Shadows of the Empire.[3][45] In the United Kingdom, it was listed by Esquire magazine as the "cheapest game in Nintendo's frighteningly-priced opening range of titles".[46] It was confirmed in early 1998 that the game had sold over one million units worldwide.[47][48]

Pilotwings 64 was well received by most reviewers. The game's combination of 3D graphics, realistic settings, and flight simulation were applauded by many news sources and major gaming publications.[35][49][50][51][52][53] In his release review of the Nintendo 64, The Seattle Times contributor Steven L. Kent found that the flight mechanics and vast areas featured in Pilotwings 64 make it one of the most impressive games ever made.[54] Glenn Rubenstein of the website GameSpot summarized, "The graphics, sound, control, and all around excitement add up to make Pilotwings 64 one hell of a great ride."[31] Staff reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly, GamePro, and IGN all voiced positive comments on the game's polygon rendering and frame rates, as well as its sense of control and flying.[25][29][33] Alex Constantides of Computer and Video Games enjoyed the game's large environments, exclaiming, "You'll not believe just how huge the islands really are and, because certain elements are hidden at first, it'll take you months to see everything."[23] IGN's Levi Buchanan described this low-pressure, "challenge without competition" aspect of the game as a design philosophy adopted by later Nintendo titles such as Nintendogs.[55] Rich Leadbetter of Maximum said that "The sedate nature of the gameplay might not appeal to everyone, but the bottom line is that PilotWings 64 is an unparalleled test of skill, dexterity and control. It is a game that you must own and whilst not quite in the same league of 'must-have'itude as Super Mario 64, it remains an astounding achievement and another triumph for Nintendo."[35]

Pilotwings 64 has been criticized for lacking innovative gameplay. The New York Times writer Ashley Dunn characterized the game's E3 demonstration as "brain-dead" in its gameplay and suggested that even young children would rather fly a dragon on the Sony PlayStation.[22] Game Revolution issued Pilotwings 64 a particularly harsh review score, declaring the game to be nothing more than a graphical showcase for those with nothing better to do.[30] This sentiment was echoed by the columnists of Next Generation Magazine, who noted the game as one that would most likely become a footnote in the history of the hardware on which it is played: "While it provides some interesting challenges, it's less a game than a drop-dead gorgeous example of the kind of rock-solid, smoothly flowing worlds the Nintendo 64 can produce."[5] The sound effects present in the game were impressive to several reviewers, but the soundtrack has been negatively compared to lounge music and porn groove, although the 'Birdman' track was highly rated.[29][30][33]

Pilotwings 64 was ranked number 38 in Nintendo Power's "100 Best Nintendo Games of All Time" in its landmark 100th issue in September 1997.[56] In February 2006, it was rated the 117th best game made on a Nintendo system in the magazine's "Top 200 Games" list for its 200th issue.[57] In July 2007, the United Kingdom video game magazine Edge included Pilotwings 64 at number 69 on its own "Top 100 Games" list.[58] The UK's Official Nintendo Magazine listed it at number 40 on its "100 Best Nintendo Games" in February 2009.[59]

Paradigm announced at E3 1997 that they were producing a Nintendo 64 sequel to Pilotwings 64.[60] However, even though Nintendo expressed interest in Paradigm's early presentations, the game was cancelled because Nintendo did not have the resources to aid in its development at that time.[47] There were rumors of a sequel on the Nintendo GameCube and later the Wii, development courtesy of Factor 5, but no game was ever shown.[61][62] After their briefing time at E3 2010, Nintendo announced a sequel titled Pilotwings Resort for the Nintendo 3DS, which was released as a launch title for the handheld console.[63]

References

  1. 1 2 "Nintendo 64" (in Japanese). Nintendo. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  2. 1 2 IGN staff (September 26, 1996). "Nintendo 64 Breaks Loose". IGN. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  3. 1 2 IGN staff (February 28, 1997). "N64 Launches in Europe Saturday". IGN. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Now Playing". Nintendo Power. No. 88. Nintendo of America. September 1996. pp. 24–31.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "NG Alphas: Pilotwings 64". Next Generation Magazine. Vol. 2 no. 20. Imagine Publishing. August 1996. pp. 69–72.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "Special Features: Pilotwings 64". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 86. Ziff Davis. September 1996. pp. 63–65.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Carless, Simon (July 26, 2006). "Q&A: Paradigm Entertainment On Stuntman, Pilot Wings". Gamasutra. Retrieved 2009-11-21.
  8. ↑ "Press Start: Nintendo And Paradigm Team Up To Make Ultra 64 Flight Simulator". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 66. Ziff Davis. January 1995. p. 60.
  9. 1 2 Brightman, Benjamin (August 30, 2006). "Interview: Paradigm's Dave Gatchel". GameDaily. Retrieved 2010-02-06.
  10. ↑ "Wii Music — A First Time for Everyone". Nintendo. Archived from the original on February 21, 2009. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
  11. 1 2 "Out of the Shadows: Nintendo 64 Debuts in Japan". Nintendo Power. No. 80. Nintendo of America. January 1996. pp. 25–28.
  12. 1 2 "The Fun Machine". Nintendo Power. No. 85. Nintendo of America. June 1996. pp. 14–30.
  13. ↑ Parish, Jeremy (November 14, 2006). "Out to Launch: Wii – What Lessons Can Nintendo Learn From its Past System Launches?". 1UP.com. Retrieved 2010-01-23.
  14. ↑ "Paradigm Simulation Inc.: The Flight Crew". Nintendo Power. No. 86. Nintendo of America. July 1996. p. 33.
  15. ↑ "Nintendo's Ultramen". Edge. No. 29. Future Publishing. February 1996. p. 64.
  16. ↑ "Player's Pulse". Nintendo Power. No. 100. Nintendo of America. September 1997. p. 10. NP's very own comic strip character, Nester, entertained readers since our very first issue. After December 1993, he went AWOL (however, he's been spotted masquerading as "Lark" in PilotWings 64) (...)
  17. ↑ パイロット紹介 [Pilot Introduction] (in Japanese). Nintendo. Retrieved 2010-01-31.
  18. ↑ Davies, Paul (March 1997). "Pilotwings 64". Computer and Video Games. Future Publishing (184): 59.
  19. ↑ "Pilotwings 64 Takes Flight on Nintendo 64" (Press release). Nintendo. September 29, 1996. Archived from the original on December 22, 1996. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  20. ↑ 「パイロットウィングス64」オリジナル・サウンドトラック [Pilotwings 64 Original Soundtrack] (in Japanese). Amazon.com. Retrieved 2010-01-25.
  21. ↑ "Taking Flight Simulations to the Next Level with Paradigm's Pilotwings!". Maximum: The Video Game Magazine. No. 3. Emap International Limited. January 1996. p. 106.
  22. 1 2 Dunn, Ashley (May 22, 1996). "The E3 Extravaganza: Din, Chaos and Evolution". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  23. 1 2 Constantides, Alex (August 15, 2001). "Nintendo Review: Pilotwings 64 Review". Computer and Video Games. Archived from the original on May 26, 2008. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  24. ↑ Stuart, Keith (July 1996). "Pilotwings 64 review". Edge. Future Publishing (34).
  25. 1 2 "Reviews: Pilotwings 64". Electronic Gaming Monthly. No. 86. Ziff Davis. September 1996. p. 25.
  26. ↑ "Retrospective Review: Pilotwings 64". Weekly Famitsu (in Japanese). No. 773. Enterbrain. October 10, 2003.
  27. ↑ "Reviews: Pilotwings 64". GameFan. Metropolis Media. 4 (9). September 1996.
  28. ↑ "Review – PilotWings 64". Game Informer. No. 40. Sunrise Publications. August 1996. Archived from the original on 1999-09-08. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  29. 1 2 3 Air Hendrix (October 1996). "Pro Reviews: Pilotwings 64". GamePro. No. 87. IDG Communications. p. 76.
  30. 1 2 3 "Pilot Wings 64 review for the N64". Game Revolution. June 6, 2004. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  31. 1 2 Rubenstein, Glenn (December 1, 1996). "Pilotwings 64 Review". GameSpot. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  32. ↑ "Hyper@ctive 2.0 Reviews: Pilotwings 64". Hyper. Archived from the original on 1997-07-21. Retrieved 2010-04-04.
  33. 1 2 3 Perry, Doug (September 25, 1996). "Pilotwings 64 Review". IGN. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  34. ↑ "Now Playing". Nintendo Power. No. 88. Nintendo of America. September 1996. pp. 95, 97.
  35. 1 2 3 Leadbetter, Rich (June 1996). "Maximum Reviews:Pilotwings 64". Maximum: The Video Game Magazine. No. 7. Emap International Limited. pp. 118–9.
  36. ↑ "NG Reviews: Pilotwings 64". Next Generation Magazine. Vol. 2 no. 21. Imagine Publishing. September 1996.
  37. ↑ Buchanan, Levi (September 29, 2008). "Nintendo 64 Week: Day One". IGN. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  38. ↑ DeMaria, Rusel; Wilson, Johnny Lee (2003). High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games. McGraw-Hill Osborne. p. 382. ISBN 0-07-222428-2.
  39. ↑ "1996年テレビゲームソフト売り上げTOP100" [1996 Video Game Software Sales Top 100] (in Japanese). Geimin.net. Retrieved 2010-01-20.
  40. ↑ Horwitz, Jer & Miller, Skyler (October 31, 2000). "The History of Nintendo: A New "Reality" (1996–Present)". GameSpot. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  41. ↑ "Nintendo 64 Sold Out; Company Pushes for More Product; Frenzied Consumers Demand to Buy Before Product Officially Launches.". Business Wire. October 2, 1996. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
  42. 1 2 IGN staff (September 26, 1996). "N64 and Mario Sell One-to-One". IGN. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  43. ↑ Wolinsky, Howard (October 7, 1996). "Nintendo hits a winner". Chicago Sun-Times. Sun-Times Media Group. p. 43. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  44. ↑ IGN staff (November 1, 1996). "N64 Tops September Sales". IGN. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  45. ↑ IGN staff (March 3, 1997). "U.K. Launch Leaves Many Empty-handed". IGN. Retrieved 2010-01-24.
  46. ↑ Campbell, Stuart (June 1997). "Short List 10". Esquire. Nat Mags.
  47. 1 2 IGN staff (February 4, 1998). "Paradigm's Side of the Story". IGN. Retrieved 2009-11-21.
  48. ↑ "Take-Two Interactive Software, Inc. Announces Exclusive Partnership With Gathering of Developers, Ltd., for Edge of Reality, Inc.'s 4 X 4 Mud Monsters for the Nintendo 64". Business Wire. May 5, 1998. Retrieved 2010-02-11.
  49. ↑ Curtiss, Aaron (October 3, 1996). "Valley Weekend; Mario is Back to Help Launch New Nintendo; The little guy is still pursuing the elusive Princess Toadstool, but in a 64-bit format that allows better moves.". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Company. p. 18. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  50. ↑ Day, Vox (October 24, 1996). "Flying Colors; Nintendo 64's Flight Sim is a True Top Gun". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Lee Enterprises. p. 40. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  51. ↑ Burrill, William (December 5, 1996). "Nintendo's N64 lineup takes shape; A pair of new games are superb, but not quite up to Super Mario's super standards". Toronto Star. Torstar. p. G.3. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  52. ↑ "Can New N64 Outsell the Competition?". The Charlotte Observer. The McClatchy Company. October 13, 1996. p. 1E. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  53. ↑ Gwinn, Eric (September 27, 1996). "Game Reviews Reveal Stunning Graphics". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Company. p. 71. Retrieved 2010-01-26.
  54. ↑ Kent, Steven L. (June 20, 1996). "Game Gear – Nintendo 64 Console, Another `Super Mario' Add Zip To Video Fun". The Seattle Times. The Seattle Times Company. Retrieved 2010-02-02.
  55. ↑ Buchanan, Levi (October 1, 2008). "Nintendo 64 Week: Day Three". IGN. Retrieved 2010-02-17.
  56. ↑ "Nintendo Power's 100 Best Nintendo Games of All Time". Nintendo Power. No. 100. Nintendo of America. September 1997. p. 97.
  57. ↑ "NP Top 200". Nintendo Power. No. 200. Nintendo of America. February 2006. pp. 58–66.
  58. ↑ Schofield, Jack (July 4, 2007). "Edge's Top 100 games – almost certainly not yours". The Guardian. Guardian Media Group. Retrieved 2010-01-23.
  59. ↑ East, Tom (February 24, 2009). "100 Best Nintendo Games – Part Four". Official Nintendo Magazine. Future Publishing. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  60. ↑ IGN staff (June 18, 1997). "E3: PilotWings 2 Confirmed". IGN. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
  61. ↑ Giancarlo Varanini (April 30, 2003). "Pilotwings comes to the GameCube?". GameSpot. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
  62. ↑ AnGeL (December 30, 2008). "PilotWings on Wii?". LiveWii. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
  63. ↑ Thomas, Lucas M. (June 15, 2010). "E3 2010: Pilotwings Resort Announced". IGN. Retrieved 2010-06-16.

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