Point Arena, California

City of Point Arena
City
The Point Arena Lighthouse
Location of Point Arena, California
City of Point Arena Location in the United States
Coordinates: 38°54′32″N 123°41′35″W / 38.90889°N 123.69306°W / 38.90889; -123.69306Coordinates: 38°54′32″N 123°41′35″W / 38.90889°N 123.69306°W / 38.90889; -123.69306
Country	United States
State	California
County	Mendocino
Incorporated	July 11, 1908[1]
Area[2]
• Total	1.350 sq mi (3.496 km2)
• Land	1.350 sq mi (3.496 km2)
• Water	0 sq mi (0 km2)  0%
Elevation[3]	118 ft (36 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	449
• Density	330/sq mi (130/km2)
Time zone	PST (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)	PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code	95468
Area code(s)	707
FIPS code	06-57876
GNIS feature ID	1659411
Website	www.cityofpointarena.net

Point Arena (formerly, Punta Arenas and Puntas Arenas)^[3] is a small coastal city in Mendocino County, California, United States. Point Arena is located 31 miles (50 km) west of Hopland,^[4] at an elevation of 118 feet (36 m) .^[3] The population was 449 at the 2010 census, down from 474 at the 2000 census, making it one of the smallest incorporated cities in the state. Its main street comprises part of State Route 1, California's coastal artery. Along with a number of other Mendocino County coastal communities, Point Arena is associated with the hippie and subsequent counterculture groups. Reportedly, the economy is largely geared toward servicing the summertime tourist industry. The City is near the headquarters of the tribal lands of Manchester Band of Pomo Indians of the Manchester-Point Arena Rancheria.

Geography and environment

The City of Point Arena is located at 38°54′32″N 123°41′35″W / 38.90889°N 123.69306°W / 38.90889; -123.69306.^[3] It is in USPS ZIP code 95468.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.6 km²), all of it land.

The city itself is built around a small natural cove, used as a harbor, and is located about a 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south of the actual Arena Point, a narrow peninsula jutting around 0.3 miles (0.48 km) into the Pacific Ocean. This is the location of the Point Arena Lighthouse, at 115 feet (35 m) the tallest lighthouse on the West coast of the United States. The lighthouse is also the closest location on the mainland (excluding Alaska) to Honolulu, Hawaii at a distance of 2,353 miles (3,787 km).

The city has three high schools: Point Arena High School, South Coast Continuation High School and the Pacific Community Charter High School. Students are allowed to cross-enroll and take courses at both the Point Arena High and Charter High schools, granting Point Arena students a broad curriculum from which to choose, although, due to limited teaching staff, many of the top students are left without options. The choice of the charter school has helped to keep in Point Arena many students who formerly commuted to Mendocino to attend its high school. Several feeder schools bring students through grammar school before sending them to Point Arena High School or the Charter School, meaning that the schools draw from a large pool of students in southern Mendocino and northern Sonoma counties.

A variety of fauna and flora occur in the Point Arena area. The location is also sometimes a range demarcation for occurrence of some species. For example, the Pacific Giant Salamander occurs at Point Arena and at points south, but not at all to the north.^[5]

The Point Arena State Marine Reserve & Point Arena State Marine Conservation Area are two marine protected areas that extend offshore from Point Arena. Sea Lion Cove State Marine Conservation Area and Saunders Reef State Marine Conservation Area lie south of Point Arena. Like underwater parks, these marine protected areas help conserve ocean wildlife and marine ecosystems.

Sound levels in Point Arena are relatively quiet, with many locations at night-time dominated by natural sounds such as those of the surf. The firm of Earth Metrics Inc., who prepared the Noise Element of the Point Arena General Plan, found that, even considering the presence of logging trucks on main city streets, composite sound levels rarely exceed 55 L_eq.^[6] The maximum acceptable sound level specified in that General Plan Element is 60 L_eq for residential areas.

Climate

Point Arena has cool, wet winters and mild, relatively dry summers. According to the Köppen climate classification system, it has warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Csb). The average January temperatures are a maximum of 56.4 °F (13.6 °C) and a minimum of 40.2 °F (4.6 °C). The average July temperatures are a maximum of 65.2 °F (18.4 °C) and a minimum of 49.9 °F (9.9 °C). There are an average of only 0.3 days with highs of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher and an average of 14.1 days with lows of 32 °F (0 °C) or lower. The record high temperature was 95 °F (35 °C) on August 12, 1947, and September 28, 1966. The record low temperature was 22 °F (−6 °C) on January 21, 1962.

Average annual precipitation is 41.28 inches (1,049 mm). There are an average of 83 days with measurable precipitation. The wettest year was 1983 with 83.34 inches (2,117 mm) and the driest year was 1976 with 21.23 inches (539 mm). The most precipitation in one month was 21.99 inches (559 mm). The most precipitation in 24 hours was 5.09 inches (129 mm) on January 24, 1944.^[7]

Geology

Point Arena pier and cove from Stormetta Public Lands

The San Andreas Fault runs out to sea at Point Arena. The 1906 earthquake was strongly felt at Point Arena and caused moderate damage.

The Point Arena Mountain Beaver

The Point Arena area is home to an endangered species of rodent known as the Point Arena Mountain Beaver (Aplodontia rufa nigra). According to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the habitat for this sub-species of Mountain Beaver lies only within a 24 sq mi (62 km²) area around Point Arena. The biggest threat to the PAMB is loss of habitat, and it was officially listed as an endangered species on December 12, 1991. Much local folklore revolves around this mysterious creature.^[9]

History

The first European to record Point Arena was Spaniard Bartolomé Ferrer in 1543, who named it Cabo de Fortunas (Spanish for "cape of fortunes"). The cape was renamed to Punta Delgado (narrow point) in 1775 by lieutenant Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra (commander of the schooner Sonora), part of a royal expedition chartered by the government of Mexico to map the north coast of Alta California. Later the point, and the small harbor town south of it, were called Barra de Arena (i.e. sandbar) and finally Point Arena (literally "sand point").

The Punta Arenas post office opened in 1858, and was renamed Point Arena in 1889.^[4] The first store at Point Arena opened in 1859.^[4] Point Arena incorporated in 1908.^[4]

The Point Arena area is also home to the Point Arena Cable Station, although the station is technically located in nearby Manchester. Built in 1956 by AT&T Corporation, the cable station serves as the eastern terminus of several undersea cables, including the JUSCN and connections to Hawaii and Canada.^[10][11][12] In 2002, AT&T applied for a permit from the EPA to connect an existing fiber optic conduit to the cable station, since further construction would cause incidental damage to the habitat of the endangered Point Arena Mountain Beaver.^[13]

Demographics

Downtown and the Point Arena Mercantile, 2012

2010

The 2010 United States Census^[16] reported that Point Arena had a population of 449. The population density was 332.6 people per square mile (128.4/km²). The racial makeup of Point Arena was 305 (67.9%) White, 2 (0.4%) African American, 1 (0.2%) Native American, 0 (0.0%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 118 (26.3%) from other races, and 23 (5.1%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 150 persons (33.4%).

The Census reported that 449 people (100% of the population) lived in households, 0 (0%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 192 households, out of which 57 (29.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 62 (32.3%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 25 (13.0%) had a female householder with no husband present, 13 (6.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 20 (10.4%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 3 (1.6%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 71 households (37.0%) were made up of individuals and 28 (14.6%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34. There were 100 families (52.1% of all households); the average family size was 3.08.

The population was spread out with 112 people (24.9%) under the age of 18, 31 people (6.9%) aged 18 to 24, 116 people (25.8%) aged 25 to 44, 132 people (29.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 58 people (12.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40.0 years. For every 100 females there were 109.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.0 males.

There were 225 housing units at an average density of 166.7 per square mile (64.4/km²), of which 87 (45.3%) were owner-occupied, and 105 (54.7%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 4.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.7%. 189 people (42.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 260 people (57.9%) lived in rental housing units.

2000

As of the census^[17] of 2000, there were 474 people, 191 households, and 109 families residing in the city. The population density was 348.5 people per square mile (134.6/km²). There were 218 housing units at an average density of 160.3 per square mile (61.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 73.63% White, 1.05% African American, 3.80% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 18.78% from other races, and 2.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 28.48% of the population.

There were 191 households out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 3.30.

In the city the population was spread out with 32.9% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 23.0% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females there were 110.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $27,083, and the median income for a family was $32,885. Males had a median income of $21,042 versus $15,000 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,591. About 24.1% of families and 26.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.0% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Point Arena is governed by an elected, five-member city council which includes the mayor.^[18]

In the state legislature, Point Arena is in the 2nd Senate District, represented by Democrat Mike McGuire,^[19] and the 2nd Assembly District, represented by Democrat Jim Wood.^[20]

Federally, Point Arena is in California's 2nd congressional district, represented by Democrat Jared Huffman.^[21]

References

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Point Arena.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Point Arena, California.

• Official website
• B. Bryan Preserve
• Point Arena lighthouse
• Manchester State Beach
• Schooner Gulch State Beach
• Article about pier fishing at the Point Arena Pier

Municipalities and communities of Mendocino County, California, United States
County seat: Ukiah
Cities	Fort Bragg Point Arena Ukiah Willits
CDPs	Albion Anchor Bay Boonville Brooktrails Calpella Caspar Cleone Comptche Covelo Hopland Laytonville Leggett Little River Manchester Mendocino Philo Potter Valley Redwood Valley Talmage
Unincorporated communities	Alpine Andersonia Arnold Asylum Bell Springs Bowman Place Branscomb Bredehoft Place Burbeck Cameron Camp Noyo Cape Horn Card Place Carpenter Place Clare Mill Crowley Cubbler Place Cummings Dawes DeCamp DeHaven Delmonico Place Dos Rios Duncan Springs Dunlap Place El Roble Elk Fair Oaks Farley Fish Rock Flumeville Four Pines Gallaway Glenblair Grove Gualala Hales Grove Hardy Hardy Place Hays Place Hearst Heath Place Heeser Addition Hendy Grove Indian Springs Inglenook Ingram Irmulco Jim Leggett Place Kibesillah Largo Laughlin Little Penny Longvale Marble Place Marks Place McClure Place Melbourne Mina Montgomery Nacomis Indian Rancheria Nashmead Navarro Newport Northspur Noyo Oasis Old Bailey Place Old Hopland Old Ornbaun Hot Springs Old Red Rock Place O'Neil Place Orrs Springs Philbrick Mill Piercy Pieta Pine Grove Pomo Pratt Place Presswood Pudding Creek Ranch Ralph Leggett Place Ramsey Redwood Lodge Reeves Place Regina Heights Reilly Heights Reyes Place Ridge Ridgewood Park Riverdale Shake City Simerson Soda Springs (Boonville) Soda Springs (Burbeck) South Fork South Leggett Spyrock Stronetta Tan Oak Park Tatu The Forks The Oaks Twin Rocks Ukiah Rancheria Underwood Park Union Landing Upp Vichy Springs Wanhala Westport Whiskey Springs Whitesboro Woodman Yorkville
Indian reservations	Coyote Valley Reservation Guidiville Rancheria Hopland Rancheria Iverson Indian Rancheria Manchester-Point Arena Rancheria Pinoleville Rancheria Potter Valley Rancheria Sherwood Valley Rancheria Redwood Valley Rancheria Round Valley Indian Reservation
Former settlements	Anderson Arthur Bentley Bokea Bucknell Buldam Cahto Carbon Carey Chomchadila Christine Christine Junction Clearbrook Comfort Crittendon Dapishul Dellavan Duffey Dunlap Echo Empire En Cimo Fairbanks Fountain Gracy Half Way Hardin Hermitage Iverson Junction Kenny Lane Redwood Flat Lema Masut Melborne Camp Mendocino Indian Reservation Moiya Muir Springs North Fork House Northwestern Noyo Lodge Ornbaun Poonkiny Rankin Redwine Reynolds River Garden Rockport Rodgers Rowes Salmon Creek Salsig Sawyers Sherburns Shiegho Signal Port Sunnyside Sylvandale Tilly Tolson Tomki Tomkiah Ubakhea Ulco Usal Wheeler Whitehall