Robert Angus Smith

Robert Angus Smith
FRS
Born (1817-02-15)15 February 1817
Died 12 May 1884(1884-05-12) (aged 67)
Alma mater University of Glasgow
Occupation chemist

(Robert) Angus Smith FRS (15 February 1817 – 12 May 1884) was a Scottish chemist, who investigated numerous environmental issues. He is known for his research on air pollution in 1852, in the course of which he discovered what came to be known as acid rain. He is sometimes referred to as the 'Father of Acid Rain'.[1][2][3][4]

Education and early life

A Royal Society of Chemistry Blue plaque commemorating Smith in Grosvenor Square Manchester, the site of Smith's laboratory

Born at Pollokshaws, Glasgow, Smith was educated at the University of Glasgow in preparation for ministry in the Church of Scotland but left before graduating. He worked as a personal tutor and, accompanying a family to Gießen in 1839, he stayed on in Germany to study chemistry supervised by Justus von Liebig, earning a Ph.D. in 1841.[4]

Career and research

On returning to England the same year, he again considered Holy Orders but instead was attracted to Manchester to join the chemical laboratory of Lyon Playfair at the Royal Manchester Institution. Here he became involved in some of the environmental issues of the world's first industrial city (see History of Manchester). Playfair left for greener pastures in 1845 and Smith worked at making a living as an independent analytical chemist. After some initial alarming experiences, Smith refused to take on expert witness work which was a staple of consulting scientists of the day and which he saw as corrupt. Consequently, when the Alkali Inspectorate was established by the Alkali Act 1863, Smith's integrity made him the natural candidate. He held the post until his death.[4] He is buried in the graveyard of St Paul's Church on Kersal Moor, Salford[5]

In 1872 Smith published the book Air and Rain: The Beginnings of a Chemical Climatology, which presents his studies of the chemistry of atmospheric precipitation.[4] He was conferred with Honorary Membership of the Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland in 1884.[6] After his death his collection of about 4,000 books was acquired by the library of Owens College, Manchester. They are now in the John Rylands University Library, the successor of the college library.[7]

Spiritualism

Smith with his friend William Crookes, attended a séance on April 21, 1870 in London. He sent Crookes 15 letters on spiritualism between April 1869 and 1871.[8] Smith did not choose to write widely about spiritualism as he believed it may have damaged his scientific reputation. He was a member of the Society for Psychical Research from 1882-1884. After he died, 89 books on the occult were discovered in his library.[9]

Awards and honours

Smith was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1857.[1]

Publications

References

  1. 1 2 Thorpe, T. E. (1884). "Robert Angus Smith". Nature. 30 (761): 104–105. doi:10.1038/030104a0.
  2. ↑ Gibson, A. & Farrar, W. V. (1973). "Robert Angus Smith, FRS, and Sanitary Science". Notes and Records of the Royal Society. 28 (2): 241–62. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1974.0017.
  3. ↑ Gorham, E. (1982). "Robert Angus Smith, F.R.S., and 'Chemical Climatology.'". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 36 (2): 267–72. doi:10.1098/rsnr.1982.0016. PMID 11615878.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Hamlin, C. (2004) "Smith, (Robert) Angus (1817–1884)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, accessed 10 Aug 2007 doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/25893 (subscription required)
  5. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2008-08-20. Retrieved 2008-06-09.Retrieved on 2008-06-10
  6. ↑ "Honorary Members and Fellows". iesis.org. Institution of Engineers and Shipbuilders in Scotland.
  7. ↑ "Smith Memorial collection and Schunck Library". University of Manchester (The). Retrieved 2012-03-07.
  8. ↑ Brock, William Hodson. (2008). William Crookes (1832-1919) and the Commercialization of Science. Science, technology, and Culture, 1700–1945. Ashgate Publishing. p. 124. ISBN 0-7546-6322-1
  9. ↑ Reed, Peter. (2014). Acid Rain and the Rise of the Environmental Chemist in Nineteenth-Century Britain: The Life and Work of Robert Angus Smith (Science, Technology and Culture, 1700-1945). Routledge. p. 18. ISBN 978-1409457756

Bibliography

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Robert Angus Smith
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