Sanchin

三戦 (三戰, 三進, 参戦)
Japanese:sanchin
Mandarin Pinyin:sānzhàn
Min Nan POJ:saⁿ-chiàn
Literally"three battles"

Sanchin (三戦) is a kata of apparent Southern Chinese (Fujianese) origin that is considered to be the core of several styles, the most well-known being the Okinawan Karate styles of Uechi Ryu and Goju Ryu, as well as the Chinese martial arts of Fujian White Crane, Five Ancestors, Pangai-noon and the Tiger-Crane Combination style associated with Ang Lian-Huat. Tam Hon taught a style that was called simply "Saam Jin" (Cantonese for "Sanchin"). The name Sanchin, meaning "three battles/conflicts/wars" is usually interpreted as the battle to unify the mind, body, and spirit; however, there are other interpretations.[1]

Uechi-ryu practices a form of Sanchin with nukite zuki (貫手突) "open spear hand" strikes, while the version used by many other styles such as Goju-ryu use a closed fist.[2][3][3][4][4]

General information

Sanchin uses the sanchin dachi (三戦立ち) "sanchin stance" named for the kata. Practice of Sanchin seeks to develop the muscles and bones of the body to help the practitioner withstand blows from an opponent, while drilling the basic mechanics of a strike that depends on a stable base.

Sanchin is the first kata learned in Uechi-Ryu, while other styles may introduce it later. In Gōjū-Ryu, there are two Sanchin kata. The first, "Miyagi's Sanchin" or sanchin dai ichi, was created by Chojun Miyagi. The second, "Higashionna's sanchin" or sanchin dai ni was taught with open hands, as in Uechi-ryu, but later it was also revised to closed fists by Miyagi's co-student Juhatsu Kyoda, founder of To'on-ryu, and adopted by Chojun Miyagi as well. This kata was adopted by other styles such as the later Okinawan style Isshin-ryū and Kyokushin.

Shime (締め)

Some styles use a method of checking strength, posture, and concentration during the performance of the "kata" called shime (締め). This involves a range of techniques from hard strikes to check the tone of the student's muscles and overall strength to very soft and slow pushes and pulls to test the student's ability to react in order to maintain his position.[5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Black Belt". Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  2. ↑ "Black Belt". Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  3. 1 2 "Black Belt". Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  4. 1 2 "Black Belt". Books.google.co.uk. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
  5. ↑ Mattson, George E. (2010). The Way of Uechi-Ryu Karate (First Edition ed.). Peabody Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-930559-38-0.
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