Cardiac amyloidosis

Cardiac amyloidosis is any of several forms of amyloidosis (the accumulation of inappropriately folded proteins) in or affecting the heart.

Amyloid deposition in the heart can cause both diastolic and systolic heart failure. EKG changes may be present, showing low voltage and conduction abnormalities like atrioventricular block or sinus node dysfunction. On echocardiography the heart shows restrictive filling pattern, with normal to mildly reduced systolic function.^[1] The most common form of amyloidoses, AA amyloidosis, usually spares the heart.^[2]

Types of cardiac amyloidosis include cardiac manifestations of AL amyloidosis and amyloidosis, cardiac manifestations of transthyretin-related hereditary amyloidosis, and isolated atrial amyloidosis, a form of amyloidosis affecting the atria of the heart.

References

↑ Falk, Rodney H.; Comenzo, Raymond L.; Skinner, Martha (25 September 1997). "The Systemic Amyloidoses". New England Journal of Medicine. 337 (13): 898–909. doi:10.1056/NEJM199709253371306.
↑ Ebert, Ellen C.; Nagar, Michael (March 2008). "Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Amyloidosis". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 103 (3): 776–787. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01669.x.

Cardiovascular disease (heart) (I00–I52, 390–429)

Ischaemic

Coronary disease	Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Coronary artery dissection Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge

Active ischemia	Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina

Sequelae	hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome

Layers

Pericardium

Myocardium

Endocardium /
valves

Endocarditis	infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis

Valves	mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency

Conduction /
arrhythmia

Bradycardia

Tachycardia
(paroxysmal and sinus)

Supraventricular	Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic

Ventricular	Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes

Premature contraction

Pre-excitation syndrome

Flutter / fibrillation

Other / ungrouped

Other

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