Star 37

Star-37

TE-M-364
Country of origin	United States
Date	1963-present
Application	Upper stage/Spacecraft propulsion
Predecessor	Star 27
Successor	Star 48
Status	Active
Solid-fuel motor
Configuration
Chamber	1
Performance
Thrust (vac.)	33.600 kN (7,554 lbf)
Isp (vac.)	(161,512 N•s/kg)
Dimensions
Length	2.27 m (7.44 ft)
Diameter	0.66 m (2.16 ft)
Dry weight	113 kg (249 lb)
Used in
Thor (rocket family), Delta (rocket family), upper stage

The Star 37 is a type of solid rocket motor used by many space propulsion and launch vehicle stages. It is used almost exclusively as an upper stage. It was developed primarily by Thiokol Propulsion, and now manufactured by ATK (now Orbital ATK) who purchased Thiokol corporation.^[1] The Star 37 was first used as the engine for the Thor-Burner upper stage. The Burner I used the Thiokol FW-4 (TE 364-1) engine and the Burner 2 used the Thiokol (TE-M-364-2).^[2]

The "-37" designation refers to the approximate diameter of the fuel casing in inches; Thiokol had also manufactured other motors such as the Star-40 and Star 48. Internally, Thiokol's designation was TE-M-364 for early versions, TE-M-714 for later ones, and TE-M-783 for a special HTPB model used for FLTSATCOM launches.
Subtypes are given one or more letter suffixes after the diameter number, or a trailing number (i.e., "-2") after the internal designation. Not surprisingly, the "T" prefix stands for Thiokol, and the following letter refers to the company division that developed the rocket motor. In this case, "M" refers to the Magna, UT Division. "E" refers to the Elkton, MD division.

The Star 37FM rocket motor was developed and qualified for use as an apogee kick motor on FLTSATCOM. The motor is a replacement for the Star 37E Delta, which has been discontinued. The Nozzle assembly uses a 3D carbon-carbon throat and a carbon-phenolic exit cone. Maximum propellant weight is 2350 pounds, while the motor has been qualified for propellant off-loading to 2257 pounds.
The Star 37XFP rocket motor has been qualified as the orbit insertion motor for Rockwell International's (now Boeing) Global Positioning Satellite (GPS), and as the apogee motor for the RCA SATCOM Ku-Band satellite. The Star 37XFP motor can be used as a replacement for the Star 37F motor, which has been discontinued.

Thiokol Star-37 family

Burner upper stages

The Burner and Burner 2 rocket stages have been used as upper stages of launch vehicles such as the Thor and Delta since 1965. Burner II was a launch vehicle upper stage developed by Boeing for the Air Force Space Systems Division. It was the first solid-fuel upper stage with full control and guidance capability developed for general space applications.

In March 1964, the DMSP program office approved plans to develop a more powerful Thor Burner 2 launch vehicle. Burner 2 used a Thiokol Star 37B motor (TE-M-364-2). Star 37, from which Star 37B was derived, had originally been developed to serve as the Surveyor lunar lander retro-rocket. Star 37B weighed 718 kg loaded and produced about 4.59 tonnes of thrust for 42 seconds. The Burner 2 stage was fitted with 3-axis control by Boeing, allowing it to coast without spin stabilization after separating from Thor.^[3]

Burner II was a launch vehicle upper stage developed by Boeing for the Air Force Space Systems Division. It was the first solid-fuel upper stage with full control and guidance capability developed for general space applications. Burner II was designed for use with the Thor booster, but was readily adapted for use on the complete range of standard launch vehicles. Its general assignment was to place small- and medium size payloads into orbit. The Burner II motor, guidance system and reaction control system were integrated to provide attitude stability and precise control of flight rate and burnout velocity for orbital injection and earth-escape missions. Boeing had delivered 8 flight vehicles under its original contract. Under terms of a follow-on contract, it built 6 additional flight models.

In addition to use on Delta family rockets, Burner 2 / Star 37 stages have been used on both Atlas and Titan rockets.^[4]

Solid propellant rocket stage. Loaded/empty mass 774/116 kg. Thrust 43.55 kN. Vacuum specific impulse 285 seconds. Thiokol solid rocket engine. 43.5 kN. Total impulse 161,512 kgf-sec. Motor propellant mass fraction 0.899. Isp=260s. First flight 1963. Thrust (sl): 33.600 kN (7,554 lbf). Thrust (sl): 3,428 kgf.

Gross mass: 621 kg (1,369 lb). Unfuelled mass: 63 kg (138 lb). Height: 0.84 m (2.75 ft). Diameter: 0.66 m (2.16 ft). Thrust: 43.50 kN (9,779 lbf). Specific impulse: 260 s. Specific impulse sea level: 220 s. Burn time: 42 s. Number: 180

References

• Star 37 motors

Rocket engines and solid motors for orbital launch vehicles
See also: Comparison of orbital rocket engines
Liquid fuel	Cryogenic (LH2 / LOX) China YF-73 YF-75 YF-75D YF-77 Europe HM7B Vinci Vulcain India CE-7.5 CE-20 Japan LE-5 LE-7 Russia KVD-1 (RD-56) RD-0120 USA BE-3U J-2 RL10 RS-25 (SSME) RS-68 Cryogenic (CH4 / LOX) USA BE-4 Raptor Semi-cryogenic (RP-1 / LOX) China YF-100 YF-115 India SCE-200 New Zealand Rutherford Russia NK-33 RD-58 RD-0105, 0109 RD-0107, 0108, 0110 RD-0110R RD-0124 RD-107, 108, 117, 118 RD-120 RD-170, 171 RD-180 RD-191, 151, 181 RD-193 S1.5400 Ukraine RD-8 RD-801 RD-810 USA F-1 H-1 Kestrel LR-79 LR-89 LR-105 Merlin 1 RS-27 RS-27A RS-56 S-3D XLR50 Hypergolic (UDMH, UH 25, Aerozine or MMH reacting with N2O4) China YF-1, 2, 3 YF-20, 21, 22, 24, 25 YF-23 YF-40 YF-50D Europe Aestus Astris Vexin Viking India PS4 Vikas Israel LK-4 Russia 17D61 RD-0202 to 0206, 0208 to 0213 RD-0207, 0214 RD-0216, 0217, 0235 RD-0233, 0234 RD-0236 RD-0237 RD-0243, 0244, 0245 RD-0255, 0256, 0257 RD-250, 251, 252, 261, 262 RD-253, 275 RD-263, 268, 273 RD-270 RD-854, 861 RD-855 RD-856 RD-864, 869 S5.92 S5.98M Ukraine RD-843 USA AJ10 LR-87 LR-91 TR-201 Hypergolic (other oxidizers) Europe Gamma Russia RD-119 RD-214 USA XLR81
Solid fuel	China FG-02 FG-36 FG-46 FG-47 SpaB-65 SpaB-140C Europe Mage 1 P-4 P-6 PAP P80 P230 Topaze Waxwing Zefiro 9 Zefiro 23 India S7 S9 S12 S139 S200 Israel LK-1 RSA-3 Japan KM-V1 KM-V2b M-14 M-24 M-34 M-34c SRB-A USA AJ-60A Algol Castor 30 GEM Orbus-6 Orbus-21 Orion Space Shuttle SRB Star 27 Star 37 Star 48 UA120 USRM X-248 X-254
Engines under development are in italics.

Orbital spacecraft rocket engines and motors that have flown
Liquid fuel engines	17D12 11D426 17D61 AJ10 BT-4 Draco KTDU-426 LEROS LMAE LMDE R-4D RS-25 S400 S5.4 S5.60 S5.79 S5.80 S5.92 SuperDraco TR-201 XLR81
Solid propellant motors	Star 37 Star 48 FG-15 FG-36 SpaB-65 SpaB-140C
Related articles	Spacecraft propulsion Spacecraft Satellite