State Line Archeological District

State Line Archeological District

Fields in the district
Location On the Indiana/Ohio line, 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the Ohio River[1]:113–114
Nearest city Elizabethtown, Ohio
Coordinates 39°8′15″N 84°49′12″W / 39.13750°N 84.82000°W / 39.13750; -84.82000Coordinates: 39°8′15″N 84°49′12″W / 39.13750°N 84.82000°W / 39.13750; -84.82000
Area 8 acres (3.2 ha)
NRHP Reference # 75001423[2]
Added to NRHP July 24, 1975

The State Line Archeological District (also known as the State Line Site[2]) is a complex of archaeological sites and national historic district located west of Elizabethtown, Ohio, United States. Located on both sides of the Indiana/Ohio border,[1] the historic district is composed of five contributing properties spread out across 8 acres (3.2 ha) of land.[2] It is believed to have been the site of a village of the Fort Ancient culture of prehistoric Native Americans.

Radiocarbon dating has revealed that State Line was occupied at approximately the same time as the SunWatch Site near Dayton, Ohio and the Turpin Site at Newtown, Ohio, while post-excavation analysis has shown that the inhabitants of the three sites were all members of the same culture.[1]:113–114 Occupation of these sites is believed to date from the Middle Fort Ancient period of the thirteenth century AD.[1]:91

A leading part of the district is a village site, also known as the "Henry Bechtel Village"; it includes a wide midden and a cemetery. Plowing of the fields at the village site has frequently turned up a wide range of artifacts, including burial pits, hearths, and trash pits.[3] Ceramics found during excavation at the site have typically been tempered with shells.[4] This pottery shares many characteristics with that produced by Middle Mississippian cultures, such as distinctive styles of painting and the presence of pottery modelled after owls and the heads of humans.[5]

Because the midden is wide but quite shallow, it has been proposed that the village's population was significant but its period of occupation was short.[3]

Among the district's contributing properties are three small burial mounds, which appear to be the work of earlier mound building peoples. At one time, the site comprised five mounds, but only three remain within the district's boundaries.[3]

In 1975, State Line was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its archaeological significance.[2]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Gosman, James Howard. Patterns in Ontogeny of Human Trabecular Bone from Sunwatch Village in the Prehistoric Ohio Valley. Diss. Ohio State University, 2007. Accessed 2010-04-14.
  2. 1 2 3 4 National Park Service (2009-03-13). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  3. 1 2 3 Owen, Lorrie K., ed. Dictionary of Ohio Historic Places. Vol. 1. St. Clair Shores: Somerset, 1999, 674-675.
  4. ↑ Brady-Rawlins, Kathleen. The O.C. Voss Site: Reassessing What We Know about the Fort Ancient Occupation of the Central Scioto Drainage and Its Tributaries. Diss. Ohio State University, 2007, 26. Accessed 2010-04-12.
  5. ↑ Cook, Robert Allen. Sunwatch: Fort Ancient Development in the Mississippian World. Tuscaloosa: U of Alabama P, 2007, 139.
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