Stephan Farffler
| Stephan Farffler | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born |
1633 Nuremberg, Germany |
| Died | October 24, 1689 (aged 56) |
| Nationality | German |
| Occupation | Watchmaker, inventor |
Stephan Farffler (1633 – October 24, 1689[1]) was a Nuremberg watchmaker of the seventeenth century whose invention of a manumotive carriage in 1655 is widely considered to have been the first self-propelled wheelchair. The three-wheeled device is also believed to have been a precursor to the modern-day tricycle and bicycle.[2]
Farffler, who was either a paraplegic[3][4] or an amputee,[5] also created a device for turning an hourglass at regular intervals and added chimes to the clocktower of Altdorf bei Nürnberg.[6]
Notes and references
- ↑ "A Brief History of the Tricycle". Retropedalcars.com. Retrieved 2012-12-02.
- ↑ "Medical Innovations - Wheelchair," Science Reporter, Volume 44, 2007, 397.
- ↑ Jane Bidder, Inventions We Use to Go Places (London: Franklin Watts, 2006, 18)
- ↑ Rory A. Cooper, Hisaichi Ohnabe, and Douglas A. Hobson, An Introduction to Rehabilitation Engineering (Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2007, 131
- ↑ Clive Richardson, Driving, the development and use of horse-drawn vehicles (B. T. Batsford, 1985, 136)
- ↑ Frederick James Britten et al., Britten's old clocks and watches and their makers (E. Methuen, 1973, 391)
See also
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