Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale

The Swanson, Nolan and Pelham Teacher and Parent Rating Scale (SNAP), developed by James Swanson, Edith Nolan and William Pelham, is a 90-question self-report inventory designed to measure attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) symptoms in children and young adults.[1]

Each question measures the frequency of a variety of symptoms or behaviors, in which the respondent indicates whether the behavior occurs "not at all", "just a little", "quite a bit", or "very much". The questionnaire takes about 10 minutes to complete and is designed for use with children and young adults ages 6–18.[2] The questionnaire is currently in its 4th version, and its scores have shown good reliability and validity across multiple different study samples.[3]

Question breakdown, scoring and interpretation

Scoring the SNAP-IV is based on a 0-3 scale, with each question being scored as follows based on participant response:

Domain breakdown

The questions measure different domains of ADHD and ODD. The breakdown is as follows:

Interpretation of subscale scores

Subscale scores add all scores on the items in the subset and divided by the total number of items in the subset. Subscale score cutoffs for the disorders are as follows:

See also

References

  1. ↑ Atkins, MS; Pelham, WE; Licht, MH (March 1985). "A comparison of objective classroom measures and teacher ratings of Attention Deficit Disorder.". Journal of abnormal child psychology. 13 (1): 155–67. doi:10.1007/bf00918379. PMID 3973249.
  2. ↑ "Scoring Instructions for the SNAP-IV-C Rating Scale" (PDF). Scoring Instructions for the SNAP-IV-C Rating Scale. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
  3. ↑ Bussing, R; Fernandez, M; Harwood, M; Wei, Hou; Garvan, CW; Eyberg, SM; Swanson, JM (September 2008). "Parent and teacher SNAP-IV ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: psychometric properties and normative ratings from a school district sample.". Assessment. 15 (3): 317–28. doi:10.1177/1073191107313888. PMID 18310593.


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