TXNRD1

TXNRD1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2CFY, 2J3N, 2ZZ0, 2ZZB, 2ZZC, 3QFA, 3QFB
Identifiers
Aliases	TXNRD1, GRIM-12, TR, TR1, TRXR1, TXNR, thioredoxin reductase 1
External IDs	MGI: 1354175 HomoloGene: 55733 GeneCards: TXNRD1
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity • methylselenol reductase activity • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding • methylseleninic acid reductase activity • thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity • protein binding • electron carrier activity • oxidoreductase activity • oxidoreductase activity, acting on a sulfur group of donors, NAD(P) as acceptor Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol • mitochondrion • extracellular exosome • nucleus Biological process • nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion • response to reactive oxygen species • mesoderm formation • cell redox homeostasis • selenium compound metabolic process • gastrulation • cell proliferation • oxidation-reduction process • signal transduction • cellular oxidant detoxification Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	7296	50493
Ensembl	ENSG00000198431	ENSMUSG00000020250
UniProt	Q16881	Q9JMH6
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_182743 NM_001093771 NM_001261445 NM_001261446 NM_003330 NM_182729 NM_182742	NM_001042513 NM_001042514 NM_001042523 NM_015762
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001087240.1 NP_001248374.1 NP_001248375.1 NP_003321.3 NP_877393.1 NP_877419.1 NP_877420.1	NP_001035978.1 NP_001035979.1 NP_001035988.1 NP_056577.2
Location (UCSC)	Chr 12: 104.22 – 104.35 Mb	Chr 10: 82.86 – 82.9 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]
Wikidata

Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TXNRD1 gene.^[3]

This gene encodes a member of the family of pyridine nucleotide oxidoreductases. This protein reduces thioredoxins as well as other substrates, and plays a role in selenium metabolism and protection against oxidative stress. The functional enzyme is thought to be a homodimer which uses FAD as a cofactor. Each subunit contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue which is required for catalytic activity. The selenocysteine is encoded by the UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTR of selenocysteine-containing genes have a common stem-loop structure, the sec insertion sequence (SECIS), that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding the same or different isoforms.^[4]

See also

• Thioredoxin reductase

References

PDB gallery
1h6v: MAMMALIAN THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE  2cfy: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE 1

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.