USS Cherokee (1859)
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| History | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Namesake: | Cherokee Tribe |
| Laid down: | 1859 |
| Acquired: | 1864 |
| Commissioned: | April 1864 |
| Decommissioned: | 1865 |
| Renamed: | Ancud |
| Fate: | Wrecked 1889 |
 Chile | |
| Name: | Ancud |
| Namesake: | Ship Ancud (1843) |
| Operator: | Chilean Navy |
| Commissioned: | 1865 |
| Decommissioned: | 1878 |
| Fate: | Sunk near Chiloé, on 25 August 1889 |
| General characteristics | |
| Displacement: | 606 ton |
| Length: | 194.5 ft (59.3 m) |
| Beam: | 25 ft (7.6 m) |
| Draught: | 11.5 ft (3.5 m) |
| Speed: | 13 kt |
| Complement: | 92 |
| Armour: | 2 x 20-pdr. r., 4 x 24-pdr. sb. |
The USS Cherokee was a 606-ton screw steam gunboat in the US Navy during the American Civil War ship. The ship later served in the Chilean Navy.
Captured blockade runner
The ship was built in 1859 at Renfrew, Scotland, for commercial employment. Under the name Thistle she was used as a blockade runner and in late January 1863 successfully ran through the Federal blockade into Charleston, South Carolina, a favorite port for blockade runners at the time. She ran aground while attempting to leave port a month later.The ship was salvaged, sold to another owner and renamed Cherokee. On 8 May 1863, she again attempted to an outbound passage, but was captured by USS Canandaigua. Prior to delivery to the Boston Prize Court on 7 July, she was used in the search for the Confederate raider CSS Tacony.
US Navy Service
After condemnation, Cherokee was purchased by the Government, outfitted at Boston Navy Yard, and commissioned 21 April 1864, Acting Volunteer Lieutenant J. F. Nickels in command.
Cherokee sailed from Boston 11 May 1864, bound for duty off the coast of North Carolina with the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron. In addition to contributing to Union victory by cutting the Confederacy off from overseas sources of supply, this squadron repeatedly bombarded coastal defenses, and cooperated with the Army in amphibious expeditions up the many bays, inlets, and rivers of the serrated coast.
Cherokee's operations included the capture of blockade runner Emma Henry 8 December 1864, and bombardments at Fort Fisher, North Carolina in December and January 1865. She participated in the two assaults that finally captured Fort Fisher, thus closing the port of Wilmington, N.C., to blockade-running.
On 30 January she was ordered close inshore at New Inlet to reconnoiter the Half Moon Battery, where she discovered a large party of Confederates approaching the fortifications recently secured by Union troops. Cherokee threw heavy fire ashore, which drove the Confederates away after three determined rushes at the Union lines.
In February 1865, Cherokee joined the East Gulf Blockading Squadron, and patrolled against blockade runners between Key West and Havana until the close of the war. Cherokee was sent north after the conclusion of the Civil War and was decommissioned at Boston 23 June 1865, and sold there 1 August 1865.
Chilean Navy
In 1866 Cherokee returned to civilian trades. In 1868 the steamer was sold to the Chilean Government. She served Chile's Navy for a decade under the name Ancud and spent another decade as a merchant vessel. The former Cherokee sunk off Chiloé Island, Chile, on 25 August 1889.
See also
- List of ships captured during the American Civil War
- List of steam frigates of the United States Navy
- Bibliography of American Civil War naval history
- Union Navy
- Confederate States Navy
References
- This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.