Udomelsky District

Udomelsky District
Удомельский район (Russian)

Location of Udomelsky District in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°52′N 35°01′E / 57.867°N 35.017°E / 57.867; 35.017Coordinates: 57°52′N 35°01′E / 57.867°N 35.017°E / 57.867; 35.017
Flag
Location
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative structure (as of 2014)
Administrative center town of Udomlya[1]
Administrative divisions:
Urban settlements 1
Rural settlements 11
Inhabited localities:
Cities/towns 1
Rural localities 304
Municipal structure (as of October 2014)
Municipally incorporated as Udomelsky Municipal District[2]
Municipal divisions:[3]
Urban settlements 1
Rural settlements 11
Statistics
Area 2,476.2 km2 (956.1 sq mi)[4]
Population (2010 Census) 40,292 inhabitants[5]
• Urban 77.1%
• Rural 22.9%
Density 16.27/km2 (42.1/sq mi)[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
Official website
Udomelsky District on WikiCommons

Udomelsky District (Russian: Удо́мельский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[2] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with Moshenskoy District of Novgorod Oblast in the north, Lesnoy District in the northeast, Maksatikhinsky District in the east, Vyshnevolotsky District in the south, Bologovsky District in the west, and with Borovichsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the west. The area of the district is 2,476.2 square kilometers (956.1 sq mi).[4] Its administrative center is the town of Udomlya.[1] Population: 40,292 (2010 Census);[5] 10,401 (2002 Census);[8] 12,426 (1989 Census).[9] The population of Udomlya accounts for 77.1% of the district's total population.[5]

Geography

Lake Pesvo
Lake Udomlya by Vitold Byalynitsky-Birulya

The district lies in the southeastern part of the Valdai Hills and is split between the drainage basins of the Baltic and Caspian Seas. The rivers in the western part of the district drain into the Msta, a major tributary of Lake Ilmen, which belongs to the basin of the Neva and thus of the Baltic Sea. The Msta itself crosses the southwestern part of the district and makes a stretch of the border between Udomelsky and Bologovsky Districts. The central and the eastern parts of the district belong to the basin of the Mologa, a tributary of the Rybinsk Reservoir in the basin of the Volga which drains into Caspian Sea. Udomelsky District is a part of the lake district located in the Valdai Hills, with the largest lakes within the district being Lake Udomlya, Lake Pesvo, and Lake Navolok, all in the drainage basin of the Msta. Most of the district area is covered by forest.

History

The area of the district was originally populated by the Finnic peoples, in the 11th century, Slavs started to arrive. Until the 15th century, the area belonged to the Novgorod Republic, and subsequently, together with Novgorod, it was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The area belonged to Bezhetsk Pyatina, one of the five pyatinas into which Novgorod Lands were divided.

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (since 1710 known as Saint Petersburg Governorate), and in 1727 Novgorod Governorate split off. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates. In 1770, the area was included into Vyshnevolotsky Uyezd of Tver Governorate, and between 1775 and 1796 it belonged to Tver Viceroyalty, which was subsequently transformed back to Tver Governorate. In the 1870s, the railroad was open, which led to quick development of the area.[10]

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Udomelsky District, with the administrative center in the railway station of Udomlya, was established within Tver Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Udomelsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast.[11] On January 1961 Udomlya was granted work settlement status. In February 1963, during the abortive administrative reform by Nikita Khrushchev, Udomelsky District was merged into Bologovsky District, but in January 1965 it was re-established.[12] Between 1974 and 1984, the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant was constructed. On September 11, 1981 Udomlya was granted town status.[10] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.

On June 1, 1936 Brusovsky District with the administrative center in the settlement of Brusovo was established as a part of Kalinin Oblast. On November 14, 1960 it was abolished and split between Maksatikhinsky and Udomelsky Districts.[11]

Economy

Industry

Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant

The main industrial enterprise in the district is the Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant, located in Udomlya. There are also enterprises of timber and food industries.[13]

Agriculture

The main agricultural specialization of the district is cattle breeding with meat and milk production. Fish farming is also significant.[14]

Transportation

The railway connecting Rybinsk and Bologoye via Bezhetsk crosses the district from east to west. Udomlya is the principal station within the district.

The road which connects Maksatikha and Vyshny Volochyok crosses the southern tip of the district. Udomlya has an access to this road. There are also local roads, with bus traffic originating from Udomlya. No roads cross the borders into Novgorod Oblast, Lesnoy, or Bologovsky Districts.

Culture and recreation

The district contains four cultural heritage monuments of federal significance and additionally thirty-seven objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance. The federal monuments are the tomb of artist Alexey Venetsianov in the selo of Venetsianovo, as well as three archeological sites.[15]

There is a local museum in Udomlya.[16] The former Datcha Chayka on the shores of Lake Udomlya, which belonged to artist Vitold Byalynitsky-Birulya, is also open as a museum.[17]

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 256», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 256, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  2. 1 2 Law #4-ZO
  3. ↑ Law #51-ZO
  4. 1 2 Удомельский район Тверской области (in Russian). Удомельский район Тверской области. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
  5. 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  6. ↑ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value is only approximate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  9. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. 1 2 Историческая справка (in Russian). Муниципальное Образование Удомельский район. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  11. 1 2 Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  12. ↑ город Удомля (городское поселение) (in Russian). Муниципальное Образование Удомельский район. Retrieved October 30, 2013.
  13. ↑ Информация о районе (in Russian). Муниципальное образование Удомельский район. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  14. ↑ Экономика (in Russian). Муниципальное образование Удомельский район. Retrieved October 29, 2013.
  15. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  16. ↑ Удомельский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved 29 October 2013.
  17. ↑ Михайлов, Ю.С. (2002). Даче Чайка 90 лет (in Russian). Удомельская старина. Retrieved 29 October 2013.

Sources

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