United States Bicycle Route System
United States Bicycle Route System | |
---|---|
1978, 2009, and (alternative) 2012 route markers | |
System information | |
Length: | 8,043 mi[1] (12,944 km) |
Formed: | 1978 |
Highway names | |
US Routes: | U.S. Bicycle Route nn (USBR nn) |
System links | |
The United States Bicycle Route System (abbreviated USBRS) is the national cycling route network of the United States. It consists of interstate long-distance cycling routes that use multiple types of bicycling infrastructure, including off-road paths, bicycle lanes, and low-traffic roads. As with the complementary United States Numbered Highways system for motorists, each U.S. Bicycle Route is maintained by state and local governments. The USBRS is intended to eventually traverse the entire country, like the Dutch National Cycle Routes and the United Kingdom's National Cycle Network, yet at a scale similar to the EuroVelo network that spans Europe.
The USBRS was established in 1978 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), the same body that coordinates the numbering of Interstate highways and U.S. Routes. The first two U.S. Bicycle Routes were established in 1982 and remained the only two until 2011. Steady growth and interest in the system has followed since.[2][3][4] As of September 2015, 21 parent routes and six child routes extend 11,424 miles (18,385 km) across 23 states and the District of Columbia.[5] The system, once fully connected, is projected to encompass over 50,000 miles (80,000 km) of bike routes.[6]
Layout
Like United States Numbered Highways and many national routing systems, the U.S. Bicycle Route system is designed to roughly follow a grid. Mainline routes are the major cross-country routes and are represented with one- or two-digit numbers. Even-numbered routes are planned to primarily run east-west, with low-numbered routes in the north and high-numbered routes in the south. Odd-numbered routes will primarily run north-south, with low-numbered routes starting in the east and ascending in number toward the west. Three-digit numbers are assigned to auxiliary routes, with the last two digits denoting the parent that the auxiliary connects to. Much like other routing systems, the grid is sometimes violated; for example, U.S. Bicycle Route 76 (USBR 76) is projected to turn to the north in Colorado and end in Oregon as opposed to California, south of (and temporarily concurrent with) USBR 20 but far north of USBR 50.
The existing USBR 1 will be the easternmost route, though USBR 5 will run farther east of it in Virginia and the Carolinas. The westernmost and northernmost routes are USBR 97 and USBR 8, respectively, both of which are in the State of Alaska. Outside of Alaska, the westernmost route is expected to be USBR 95 and the northernmost USBR 10. USBR 90 is expected to be the southernmost route.[7] Despite the analogy the system has to the U.S. Highway system, the USBRS's route numbers do not necessarily trace the same route as the corresponding U.S. Highway number; for example, while USBR 1 will run close to the East Coast and thus parallel U.S. Route 1 (US 1), the projected route of USBR 10 generally follows US 2.
In order for a route to qualify as a U.S. Bike Route, it needs to connect two or more states, connect multiple U.S. Bike Routes, or connect a U.S. Bike Route with a national border.
History
The USBRS was established in 1978 by the AASHTO for the purpose of "facilitat[ing] travel between the states over routes which have been identified as being more suitable than others for cycling."[8]
The first routes were defined in 1982: U.S. Bicycle Route 1 (USBR 1) from North Carolina to Virginia, and the stretch of USBR 76 from Illinois through Kentucky to Virginia. These two routes remained the only routes in the system until 2011. In the interim, only minor routing changes had been made in Virginia.
AASHTO established a new task force in 2003 to study expansion of the system.[2][9][10] The task force included state and federal highway officials and representatives from bicycling organizations. In October 2008, AASHTO approved a national-level corridor and route designation plan.[11] Other organizations involved in the effort include state departments of transportation, the Federal Highway Administration, and the Adventure Cycling Association.
In 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives proposed moving the U.S. Bicycle Route System under the authority of the Federal Highway Administration as part of a new Office of Livability.[12]
In early May 2011, the first major expansion of the system was made. Five new parent routes, two child routes, and one alternate route were created, along with modifications to the existing routes in Virginia and the establishment of USBR 1 in New England.[3][4]
- U.S. Bicycle Route 1 now has an additional run from the state of Maine to New Hampshire.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 1A is a sea-side alternate route for USBR 1 in Maine.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 8 runs from Fairbanks, Alaska, along the Alaska Highway, to the Canada–US border.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 108 runs from its parent route in Tok, Alaska to Anchorage.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 208 follows the Haines Highway from the Alaska Marine Highway terminal in Haines to the Canada–US border.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 20 runs from the St. Clair River through the state of Michigan to Lake Michigan.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 87 follows the Klondike Highway from the Alaska Marine Highway terminal in Skagway to the Canada–US border.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 95 follows the Richardson Highway from Delta Junction, Alaska to the Alaska Marine Highway terminal in Valdez.
- U.S. Bicycle Route 97 is entirely within Alaska, and it runs from Fairbanks, through Anchorage, to Seward.
Across 2013, several other additions to the system were made. After approval in 2012, signage for USBR 45 in Minnesota was completed in the summer. An expansion of USBR 76 into Missouri was signed in October, and both Tennessee and Maryland entered the system on November 5 with USBR 23 and USBR 50, respectively.[6] Florida has also begun planning on four bicycle routes, including its stretch of USBR 1 and USBR 90.[13]
List of routes
As of November 2016, there are 22 official parent routes in varying stages of completion. In areas where a specific route has not been approved by AASHTO, there is only a prioritized corridor. The six existing subsidiary and alternate routes are grouped with their one- or two-digit parents. Approved or signposted routes are currently located in the District of Columbia and 23 states: Alaska, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, and Washington. Alaska has the most of any state, with six active routes total.
Route number | States with approved routes | States within corridor | Official length | Formed | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(mi) | (km) | |||||
USBR 1 |
Maine,[14] New Hampshire,[15] Massachusetts,[16] Virginia,[17][16] North Carolina, Florida[18] | Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Washington, D.C., Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida | 1,525.6 | 2,455 | 1982 | One of the original routes. Unofficial signs exist along some of the planned route from the Canada–US border in Maine to Key West, Florida. It is expected to be integrated with the East Coast Greenway.[2] |
USBR 1A |
Maine[14] | Maine | 135 | 217 | 2011 | This is a seaside alternative to U.S. Bicycle Route 1 in Maine. |
USBR 7 |
Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut | Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut | 380 | 612 | 2015 | |
USBR 8 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska, Yukon, British Columbia | 290.94 | 468 | 2011 | The northernmost route in the system, USBR 8 was approved from Fairbanks to the Canada–US border, following Alaska Route 2 along the Richardson and Alaska highways.[20][19] |
USBR 108 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska | 302 | 486 | 2011 | A spur of USBR 8 that follows Alaska Route 1 from Tok to Anchorage, at a junction with USBR 97.[19] |
USBR 208 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska, British Columbia, Yukon | 39 | 63 | 2011 | A spur of Route 8 that follows the Haines Highway.[19] |
USBR 10 |
Washington, Idaho,[5] Michigan[16] | Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Washington | 666 | 1,072 | 2014 | Northernmost planned route in the contiguous United States, roughly following the U.S. Route 2 highway. Currently runs through northern Washington State, connecting to British Columbia via Washington State Ferries.[21] |
USBR 10A |
Idaho[5] | Idaho | 71 | 114 | 2015 | |
USBR 11 |
Maryland[16] | North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland | 34 | 55 | 2014 | This route generally parallels U.S. Route 11. The first section was established in Maryland on November 24, 2014.[16] |
USBR 20 |
Michigan | Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon | 310 | 499 | 2011 | Routing in Michigan has been approved,[20] from the international Bluewater Ferry to Canada in Marine City, Michigan, and is planned to incorporate the Lake Michigan Carferry crossing between Ludington, Michigan and Manitowoc, Wisconsin. |
USBR 21 |
Georgia | Georgia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio | 160.8 | 259 | 2015 | |
USBR 621 |
Georgia | Georgia | 2016 | |||
USBR 23 |
Tennessee | Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama | 154 | 248 | 2013 | Planned to run from south of Louisville, Kentucky south to northern Alabama. Route in Tennessee was approved in 2013.[6] |
USBR 35 |
Michigan, Indiana | Michigan, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi | 1,231.34 | 1,982 | 2012 | Planned to run from Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan to USBR 45 on the Mississippi River in Mississippi or Louisiana. Michigan portion dedicated on May 19, 2012.[22] Indiana portion approved in September 2015.[23] |
USBR 35A |
Indiana | Indiana | 30.4 | 49 | 2015 | |
USBR 36 |
Indiana, Illinois | Michigan, Indiana, Illinois | 73.87 | 119 | 2014 | Currently runs from Chicago to the Michigan state line.[21][23] Planned to stretch from Detroit, Michigan to USBR 45 along the Mississippi River in Illinois or Iowa. |
USBR 37 |
Illinois | Wisconsin, Illinois | 57.4 | 92 | 2014 | Currently runs from the Wisconsin–Illinois state line south to Chicago.[21] Planned to begin at USBR 10 near the border with Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Originally planned as part of USBR 66.[24] |
USBR 41 |
Minnesota | Minnesota, Wisconsin | 315 | 507 | 2016 | Established in Minnesota in 2016.[25][26] Planned to run from the Canada–US border in Minnesota south to the Mississippi River and USBR 45 in Wisconsin. |
USBR 45 |
Minnesota | Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Tennessee, Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana | 726 | 1,168 | 2012 | Planned to incorporate the Mississippi River Trail[2] and run from northern Minnesota south to New Orleans, Louisiana, it is unclear whether this route will primarily run along either the west bank or east bank of the Mississippi River. Route was approved May 21, 2012.[27][28] |
USBR 50 |
District of Columbia, Maryland, Ohio, Indiana | Delaware, Washington, D.C., Maryland, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Colorado, Utah, Nevada, California | 688.8 | 1,109 | 2013 | Planned to be one of the longest routes, stretching from Cape Henlopen State Park in Delaware through Washington, D.C. in the east to near San Francisco, California. The route in Maryland, which follows the C&O Canal Towpath, was approved in 2013.[6][29] The route in Ohio was approved in 2014,[21] and the route in Indiana was approved the following year.[23] |
USBR 50A |
Ohio | Ohio | 32.3 | 52 | 2015 | |
USBR 70 |
Utah[5] | Colorado, Utah, Arizona, Nevada, California | 450 | 724 | 2015 | Planned to run from USBR 76 in Colorado to USBR 66 in California. |
USBR 76 |
Virginia,[17][16] Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas | Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Oregon | 2,365.7 | 3,807 | 1982 | One of the two original routes, this is planned to be expanded to the longest route, running from the existing eastern terminus near the Atlantic Ocean in Virginia west to the Pacific Ocean west of Eugene, Oregon. The number refers to 1776 and the U.S. bicentennial year 1976 when this was the "Bikecentennial" route. Like USBR 1, unofficial signs exist in places along the route, which is officially only from Virginia to Missouri. Route approved and signed in Missouri in October 2013.[30] |
USBR 176 |
Virginia | Virginia | 2016 | |||
USBR 79 |
Utah[5] | Nevada, Utah, Arizona | 332 | 534 | 2015 | Planned to run from USBR 50 near Reno, Nevada to USBR 90 near Phoenix, Arizona. |
USBR 87 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California | 14 | 23 | 2011 | The middle route of three serving the three West Coast states and Alaska. It is planned to use the Alaska Marine Highway to connect Bellingham, Washington to Skagway, Alaska. Currently, the only approved route follows the Klondike Highway.[19] |
USBR 90 |
Florida,[16] Arizona[31] | Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California | 997.04 | 1,605 | 2014 | The southernmost route, running from near Jacksonville, Florida west to San Diego, California. The first section was established in Florida on November 24, 2014.[16] The section through Arizona was approved on September 24, 2015.[31][23] |
USBR 95 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska, Washington, Oregon, California | 266 | 428 | 2011 | The westernmost planned route in the contiguous United States, USBR 95 currently runs from Delta Junction, Alaska to Valdez, via the Richardson Highway.[19] It is planned to follow the Alaska Marine Highway from Valdez to Bellingham, Washington, and then it will go south to San Diego, California. It is expected to incorporate the Pacific Coast Bicycle Route.[2] |
USBR 97 |
Alaska[19] | Alaska | 448 | 721 | 2011 | The westernmost route in the system, USBR 97 lies entirely within Alaska. It connects Fairbanks, Anchorage and Seward via the Seward and Parks highways.[20][19] |
List of prioritized corridors
Below is an incomplete list of prioritized corridors, "50-mile-wide areas where a route may be developed":[7]
Route number | Locale | Notes |
---|---|---|
USBR 5 | Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia | Planned to run from USBR 76 in Virginia south to Savannah, Georgia, east of USBR 1. |
USBR 9 | New York | Planned to run from the Canada–US border in New York to New York City. Initially planned to be designated USBR 3.[24] |
USBR 14 | Montana, Idaho, Washington | Missoula, Montana to Seattle, Washington vicinity. |
USBR 15 | New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, North Carolina, Georgia, Florida | |
USBR 25 | Michigan, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama | Planned to run from north of Detroit, Michigan south to Mobile, Alabama. |
USBR 30 | Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, Montana | Planned to incorporate a ferry crossing on Lake Michigan between Michigan and Wisconsin. |
USBR 40 | New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illinois, Iowa, South Dakota, Wyoming | Planned to run from New York City to Yellowstone National Park. |
USBR 55 | North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas | Planned to run from the Canada–US border in North Dakota south to the Mexican border in Texas. |
USBR 65 | North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas | Planned to run from USBR 10 in North Dakota south to USBR 84 near Lubbock, Texas. |
USBR 66 | Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, California | Planned to roughly follow the decommissioned U.S. Route 66 highway from Chicago, Illinois to Los Angeles, California. Originally planned to continue north to Wisconsin on what is now planned as USBR 37.[24] |
USBR 75 | Colorado, New Mexico, Texas | Planned to run from USBR 76 in Colorado to USBR 90 near El Paso, Texas |
USBR 80 | North Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma | Planned to run from North Carolina coast to Oklahoma City |
USBR 84 | South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, New Mexico | Planned to run from South Carolina coast to El Paso, Texas |
USBR 85 | Washington, Oregon, California | The easternmost of three routes serving the three West Coast states. |
See also
U.S. state bicycle route systems:
- List of BicyclePA bicycle routes
- Delaware Bicycle Route 1
- List of bicycle routes in North Carolina
- List of Georgia State Bicycle Routes
- List of New York State Bicycle Routes
References
- ↑ Adventure Cycling Association (June 17, 2014). "U.S. Bicycle Route System Adds 800+ Miles of New Routes" (Press release). Missoula, MT: Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved June 25, 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Lahood, Ray (July 2, 2010). "US Bicycle Route System begins connecting America". United States Department of Transportation. Retrieved July 7, 2010.
- 1 2 Adventure Cycling Association (May 11, 2011). "AASHTO Approves New U.S. Bicycle Routes Across America" (Press release). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
- 1 2 Sullivan, Ginny (May 11, 2011). "It's Official! New U.S. Bicycle Routes Approved". Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Adventure Cycling Association (May 26, 2015). "U.S. Bicycle Route System Expands 900 Miles, Adds Two States" (Press release). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 Adventure Cycling Association (November 5, 2013). "New U.S. Bicycle Routes Approved in Maryland and Tennessee" (Press release). Missoula, MT: Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved November 5, 2013.
- 1 2 Adventure Cycling Association (June 2011). The United States Bicycle Route System: Corridor Plan (PDF) (Map). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
- ↑ American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (June 30, 1982). "Route Number Designations". Retrieved May 12, 2006 – via Maine Department of Transportation.
- ↑ Moeur, Richard C. "AASHTO Ad Hoc Task Force on U.S. Bicycle Routes" (PDF). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 25, 2006. Retrieved May 12, 2006.
- ↑ "AASHTO Task Force on Numbered Bicycle Routes" (PDF). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official. Retrieved January 27, 2007.
- ↑ Adventure Cycling Association. "Background on Current USBRS Effort". Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved June 28, 2009.
- ↑ "Surface Transportation Authorization Act of 2009- Committee Draft" (PDF). Retrieved June 28, 2009.
- ↑ "Florida Planning U.S. Bicycle Route for Long-Distance Bike Travel". November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 11, 2013.
- 1 2 "Application for Designation of a U.S. Bicycle Route" (PDF). Maine Department of Transportation. January 5, 2011. p. 3. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- ↑ "Application for Designation of a U.S. Bicycle Route" (PDF). New Hampshire Department of Transportation. February 4, 2011. p. 3. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Adventure Cycling Association (December 16, 2014). "U.S. Bicycle Route System Grows to over 8,000 Miles" (Press release). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- 1 2 "2010 Virginia Bicycling Guide" (PDF). Virginia Department of Transportation. September 23, 2010. p. 5. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
- ↑ Prasad, Ananth (October 1, 2014). "Application for Designation of a U.S. Bicycle Route (October 24, 2012)" (PDF) (Letter). Letter to Bud Wright. Retrieved October 4, 2015 – via American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 "Application for Designation of a U.S. Bicycle Route" (PDF). Alaska Department of Transportation & Public Facilities. September 10, 2010. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
- 1 2 3 Ray Lahood (June 17, 2011). "US Bike Route showing no signs of growing pains". United States Department of Transportation.
- 1 2 3 4 Vitale, Marty (May 29, 2014). "Report to SCOH" (DOCX) (Report). Louisville, KY: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Retrieved June 1, 2014.
- ↑ Michigan Department of Transportation. "Grand Opening & Ribbon Cutting US Bicycle Route 35—Traverse City, MI" (Press release). Michigan Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on April 17, 2012. Retrieved May 15, 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 Vitale, Marty (September 25, 2015). "Special Committee on U.S. Route Numbering Report to the Standing Committee on Highways" (PDF) (Report). Chicago, IL: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Retrieved October 2, 2015.
- 1 2 3 Woodward, Calvin (December 21, 2008). "New interstate road map takes shape for bicyclists". The Intelligencer. Doylestown, PA. Associated Press.
- ↑ Zelle, Charles A. (September 16, 2016). "U.S. Bicycle Route 41 AASHTO Application" (PDF) (Letter). Letter to AASHTO Application Review Committee. Minnesota Department of Transportation. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
- ↑ "Special Committee on US Route Numbering (USRN) Activity Report 2016" (PDF). American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. November 14, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
- ↑ Adventure Cycling Association (May 21, 2012). "New U.S. Bicycle Routes Approved" (Press release). Adventure Cycling Association. Retrieved May 22, 2012.
- ↑ "Mississippi River Trail receives state bikeway designation, becomes first US Bicycle Route in Minnesota" (Press release). Minnesota Department of Transportation. May 21, 2012. Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- ↑ Vitale, Marty (October 28, 2013). "Special Committee on US Route Numbering Meeting Minutes for October 17, 2013 and Report to SCOH October 18, 2013" (PDF) (Report). Denver, CO: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
- ↑ Adventure Cycling Association (October 2, 2013). "USBR 76: Missouri Officially Designated and Signed". Retrieved November 9, 2013.
- 1 2 "Application for Designation of a U.S. Bicycle Route" (PDF). Arizona Department of Transportation. August 17, 2015. p. 9. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
External links
- Media related to United States Bicycle Route System at Wikimedia Commons
- U.S. Bicycle Route System - Adventure Cycling Association
- The United States Bicycle Route System: Corridor Plan - Adventure Cycling Association
- U.S. Bicycle Routes - AASHTO