Viola (trawler)

Dias (foreground) with Albatros (heeled over) in the harbour at Grytviken, 1989. The ships have since been beached.
History
Name:
  • Viola (1906)
  • HMT Viola (1914)
  • Kapduen (1919)
  • Dias (1926)
Owner:
  • Hellyer Steam Fishing Company (1906-14)
  • Admiralty (1914 - 1919)
  • A/S Sandsfjord Trawlfiskelskap, Norway (1919-1926)
  • Compañía Argentina de Pesca SA 1926
Operator: Hellyer Steam Fishing Company
Port of registry: Hull, 14 February 1906
Builder: Cook, Welton & Gemmell
Yard number: 96
Launched: 17 Jan 1906
Identification: H868[1]
Status: Derelict (2009)
General characteristics
Class and type: Fishing trawler/naval trawler
Tonnage: 55 long tons (56 t) nett, 179 long tons (182 t) gross[2]
Length: 108 ft 6 in (33.07 m)
Beam: 21 ft 6 in (6.55 m)
Installed power: steam
Speed: 9.5 knots (10.9 mph; 17.6 km/h)

The Viola is a steam trawler built in 1906 at Hull. During her long career, she was known as HMT Viola, Viola III, Kapduen, and Dias.[3][4] She is currently beached at Grytviken in South Georgia, though there are currently plans afoot to return her to Hull.

History

Cook, Welton & Gemmell of Beverley built Viola for the Hellyer Steam Fishing Company in 1906. After launching, she was floated down the River Hull to Hull where the engineering firm of Amos & Smith fitted her with steam engines. She burnt coal until 1956 when she was converted to oil. She was part of the Hellyer Steam Fishing Company's North Sea fleet, and like much of Hellyer's fleet was named after a Shakespearean character.

Hellyer trawlers stayed out at sea for weeks at a time, transferring their catch to a fleet of five fast steam cutters that commuted between the fishing grounds and the fish markets of eastern England. Viola was regularly at sea for more than 310 days a year.[5]

Viola at war

In September 1914, Viola was requisitioned by the Admiralty (FY 614)[2][6] armed with a 3 pounder gun and moved to Shetland, patrolling the waters out as far as Fair Isle looking for U-boats and escorting other vessels.[5]

Later in the war, Viola was armed with a 12-pounder gun, and transferred to the Tyne for minesweeping duty.[7] She was one of the first vessels to use depth charges. She was also fitted with hydrophones. Along with other armed trawlers she was involved in actions resulting in the sinking of at least two U-boats: the UB-30 off Whitby on 13 August 1918, and the UB-115 off the Northumberland coast on 29 September.[5]

Kapduen and Dias - whaling

Dias as whale catcher

Many vessels from Hellyer's North Sea fleet were lost during the war. After the war Hellyer decided to concentrate on the distant fishing grounds off the coast of Iceland and the Barents Sea.[5][7] Consequently in 1918 they sold-off the remaining North Sea trawlers, including sold Viola, which they sold to Massey & Sons. In the following year Massey sold her to L. Thorsen of Norway, who renamed her Kapduen.[2][6] The whaling firm of Nils Torvald Nielsen Alonso acquired Thorsen and converted Kapduen for whaling, fitting her with a new bridge forward of the funnel.

She was renamed Dias in 1924 and over the next few years whaled off the coast of Africa. By 1927 she was laid up at Sandefjord.[7]

Dias - sealing and expeditions

Dias was then sold to Compañía Argentina de Pesca,[6] who moved to Grytviken in South Georgia for sealing.[7][8][9] [10]

She also served as a support vessel for expeditions in the South Atlantic, supporting the Argentine weather station at Laurie Island, the Kohl-Larsen Expedition of 1928/9, the British South Georgia Expedition of 1954/55, the topographical surveys carried out by Duncan Carse between 1951 and 1957, and the Bird Island Expedition of 1958.[7][8]

Retirement and decay

In 1964 the whaling station at Grytviken closed, and Dias, along with another sealer, Albatros, was laid up. A caretaker was responsible for maintenance, painting, and running the engines, but he left in 1971. Over the next few years snow and ice built up on the superstructure and Dias foundered at her mooring in the winter of 1974. Albatros sank the following year.[11]

Rescue campaign

In 2004, as part of a project to restore and conserve Grytviken, Dias and Albatros were refloated and cleared of all remaining oil. Both ships have now been beached.

An organisation, the "Friends of Viola/Dias", seeks to preserve the ship, either in situ or by bringing her back to Hull.[12][13][14] The "Friends of Viola/Dias" estimate the cost of repatriating Viola at £1 million, and restoration costs at £5 million.[15]

In 2006 Viola's original bell was discovered on a farm at Sandefjord. Hull Maritime Museum purchased it and in 2008 returned the bell to the ship.[16][17]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Viola". Hull Museums Collections. Retrieved 2009-03-02.
  2. 1 2 3 Thompson, Michael; Dave Newton; Richard Robinson; Tony Lofthouse (1999). Cook, Welton & Gemmell: shipbuilders of Hull and Beverley. Hutton Press Ltd. p. 83. ISBN 1-902709-02-0.
  3. ↑ "The History of the Hull Fishing Industry". Hull Trawler: smack to stern. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
  4. ↑ "Lloyd's Register of Shipping 1930-31" (PDF). Lloyd's. 1931. Retrieved 2010-11-05.
  5. 1 2 3 4 MHSC. "Viola-Dias, War, Distant Waters and the Hull Fishing Industry in Both World Wars" (PDF). MHSC Maritime Historical Studies Centre. University of Hull. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  6. 1 2 3 "Balleneros (Catchers) y factorias Argentinos: "DIAS"". Historia y Arqueologia Marítima (in Spanish). Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Robinson, Robb. "A brief history of the Viola/Dias". Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  8. 1 2 Headland 1984, pp. 97–100.
  9. ↑ Headland 1984, p. 152.
  10. ↑ McLaren, Jim. "Grytviken". Millennium. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
  11. ↑ Headland, R.K. (1984). "Wrecks, hulks and other vessel remains at South Georgia, Falkland Islands Dependencies". British Antarctic Survey Bulletin. Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge (65): 117–118.
  12. ↑ Wood, Alexandra (18 April 2005). "Campaign under way to rescue historic trawler". Yorkshire Post. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  13. ↑ Wainwright, Martin (16 March 2004). "Hull aims to recover Falklands war 'trigger'". Online edition. The Guardian. Retrieved 2009-03-03.
  14. ↑ Brock, J (29 April 2004). "Grytviken waste removal: an exercise in historical preservation". Teaberry Express. Falkland Islands News Network. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
  15. ↑ Copping, Jasper. "Viola: the trawler that fought World War One". Daily Telegraph.
  16. ↑ "Viola's bell — a centenary for Dias". South Georgia Association Newsletter. South Georgia Association. November 2006. p. 3.
  17. ↑ "Historic bell back where it belongs; The world's oldest steam fishing trawler sits in the freezing waters of the southern Atlantic, reunited after more than 80 years with its original bell.". Hull Daily Mail. Hull Daily Mail. 8 January 2008.

Bibliography

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