Citroën Xantia

Citroën Xantia
Overview
Manufacturer	Citroën
Production	1993–2001 1993–2002 (France)
Assembly	:Rennes :Tehran
Designer	Daniel Abramson (1989)
Body and chassis
Class	large family car
Body style	5-door hatchback (Berline) 5-door estate (Break)
Layout	FF layout
Related	Peugeot 406
Powertrain
Engine	1.6 L I4 1.8 L I4 1.8 L 16 valve I4 2.0 L I4 2.0 L 16 valve I4 2.0 L turbo I4 3.0 L V6 1.9 L diesel I4 1.9 L turbodiesel I4 2.0 L HDi diesel I4 2.1 L 12 valve turbodiesel I4
Dimensions
Wheelbase	2,740 mm (108 in) (Berline)
Length	4,440 mm (175 in) (Berline)
Width	1,755 mm (69.1 in) (Berline)
Height	1,380 mm (54 in) (Berline)
Curb weight	1,250 kg (2,760 lb)–1,430 kg (3,150 lb) (Activa CT)
Chronology
Predecessor	Citroën BX
Successor	Citroën C5

Estate version of Xantia

Xantia hatchback

Xantia dashboard

Post-facelift Xantia

Xantia badge

The Citroën Xantia, pronounced "Zan-ti-a"^[1] was a large family car produced by the French automaker Citroën, and designed by Daniel Abramson of Bertone. Presented to the press in December 1992, the car was produced between 1993 and 2001, with a facelift in 1998. Citroën sold over 1.2 million, Xantias during its nine years of production.

By January 2001, when production ended, Iran's SAIPA started production of the Xantia. Iran manufacturing ended by September 2010. However, production in France continued until October 2002, which overlapped with the C5 by eighteen months. The name "Xantia" is derived from Xanthos, meaning "yellow" or "golden" in the Greek language.

History

The Xantia replaced the earlier Citroën BX (which straddled both small and large family car segments), and maintained the high level of popularity of that model, but brought the car more into the mainstream to compete harder with its rivals, such as the Ford Mondeo, Nissan Primera, Rover 600, Toyota Carina E and Vauxhall Cavalier.

It signalled that Citroën had learned from the reception given to the staid Citroën ZX, introduced two years earlier, and criticised by contemporary journalists for its lack of traditional Citroën flair, in engineering and design. Citroën addressed these concerns in the Xantia.

The Xantia also used the traditional Citroën hydropneumatic suspension system pioneered by the older DS. It was initially only available as a hatchback (liftback) (Berline), but an estate (station wagon) (Break) version built by Heuliez appeared in 1995.

In-line with PSA Group policy, the Peugeot 406, launched two years later, used the same floorpan, core structure and engines as the Xantia. The Hydractive suspension system was not carried over, and the 406 utilised a more traditional spring suspension.

Sales in the United Kingdom were strong, and even though it was never able to match the volume of British favourites, such as the Ford Mondeo or Vauxhall Vectra, the car did help Citroën establish an strong foothold in the business car market in the United Kingdom.

Suspension

Hydractive

From an engineering perspective, the Xantia's biggest advance was the suspension. From launch, the more expensive models were available with an enhanced version of the XM's Hydractive, Hydractive II or H2, computer controlled version of the hydropneumatic self-leveling suspension. This used extra suspension spheres to allow a soft ride in normal conditions, but taut body control during hard braking, acceleration or cornering.

These models feature an innovation first seen on the ZX and then subsequently fitted to the facelifted XM - a programmed self-steer rear axle. On sweeping curves and tight bends alike, the rear wheels turn in line with the front wheels, sharpening responses and adding to driver pleasure.^[2]

Activa active anti-roll bars

In 1994, the Activa technology was introduced, which is an extension to the Hydractive II suspension, where two additional spheres and two hydraulic cylinders are used together with computer control to eliminate body roll completely. This technology is more broadly known as active suspension, and the Xantia Activa has exceptional road holding comparable to true sports cars. It employs active anti-roll bars.

In the Swedish magazine Teknikens Värld's moose test the 1999 model of Xantia V6 Activa still holds the record speed through the manoeuvre - faster than the Porsche 996 GT2.^[3]

United Kingdom models of the Activa came fitted with a XU10 2 litre turbocharged engine also fitted to the Citroën XM 2.0CT and Peugeot 605 SRi. It produced 150 bhp and 171 lb ft of torque and was a 'low-blow' type for smooth power delivery rather than outright bhp.

The Xantia was the last Citroën to use a common hydraulic circuit for suspension, brakes and steering like the pioneering Citroën DS. It was also the last Citroën car that used the green LHM hydraulic fluid. Later cars, such as the C5, used LDS instead.

Engines

Power came from the familiar PSA XU-series petrol engines, this time in 1.6, 1.8 and 2.0 displacements, a 2.0 16-valve version for the Xantia VSX, a turbocharged 2.0 engine, from 1995 onwards, a 1.8 16-valve and a 2.0 16-valve engine. In 1997, a 3.0 V6 engine was offered as top-of-the-line.

The popular XUD turbodiesel units in 1.9 (turbocharged: 92 hp (69 kW), low-pressure turbo: 75 hp (56 kW), or not: 71 hp) displacement proved to be the best-selling engine. The biggest diesel was a 2.1 TD with 109 hp (81 kW).

In 1998, PSA introduced the HDi direct injection turbodiesel (in two versions: 90 hp (67 kW), and intercooled 109 hp). For an economical diesel engine, the HDi offered the kind of throttle response normally seen in a gasoline engine and quiet high speed cruising at a top speed of 118 mph (190 km/h). Acceleration was also good at 11.4 seconds from 0 to 60 mph.

Chinese production

Front view of a Chinese made Citroën XM (Xantia).

Fengshen-Citroën Badge

The Citroën Xantia, along with the Citroën XM were assembled in a form of CKD in Huizhou, Guangdong province. This venture lasted for only two years in 1996 and 1997 and production numbers were extremely low. The cars were imported to China more or less fully assembled with only minor additions done in China as a way to avoid the high import tariffs on cars that existed at the time. Both cars were badges as XM.^[4]

Sales and production

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Citroën Xantia.

• Citroënet on the Xantia
• Saipa Xantia, the Iranian Xantia
• Citroën Xantia Euro NCAP crash test 1997