1847 in the United Kingdom

1847 in the United Kingdom:
Other years
1845 \| 1846 \| 1847 \| 1848 \| 1849
Sport
1847 English cricket season

Events from the year 1847 in the United Kingdom.

Incumbents

Monarch – Victoria
Prime Minister – Lord John Russell (Liberal)

Events

16 September: Shakespeare's birthplace is bought for preservation

1 January – Britain's first Medical Officer of Health is appointed, Dr. William Henry Duncan in Liverpool.^[1]
14 January – All thirteen members of the Point of Ayr life-boat crew are drowned when it capsizes off Rhyl.
5 March – An explosion at The Oaks in the Barnsley seam in Yorkshire kills 73 men and boys.^[2]
15 March – New system of county courts, with 60 judicial circuits and 491 courts, comes into operation in England and Wales under terms of the County Courts Act (28 August 1846).^[3]
5 April – The world's first civic public park, Birkenhead Park in Birkenhead, Merseyside is opened.^[4]
25 April – The brig Exmouth carrying emigrants from Derry bound for Quebec is wrecked off Islay with only three survivors from more than 250 on board.^[5]^[6]
May – The Architectural Association School of Architecture is founded in London.
24 May – The Dee bridge disaster: a cast iron girder bridge across the river Dee at Chester, designed by Robert Stephenson for the Chester and Holyhead Railway, collapses under a Shrewsbury and Chester Railway train with five fatalities.^[7]
June – E.H. Booth & Co. Ltd, which becomes the Northern England supermarket chain Booths, is founded when 19-year-old tea dealer Edwin Henry Booth opens a shop called "The China House" in Blackpool.
8 June – Factory Act establishes a maximum 10-hour working day for women, and for boys aged 13–18.^[8]
1 July – Publication of Reports of the Commissioners of Enquiry into the state of Education in Wales containing opinions hostile to Welsh culture, hence known in Wales as the "Treachery of the Blue Books".
9 August – The Whig Party under Lord John Russell wins the general election.
13 August – John Russell Hind makes the first British discovery of an asteroid, from London, 7 Iris. On 18 October he discovers 8 Flora.
16 September
- William Shakespeare's birthplace in Stratford-upon-Avon (pictured) is bought by the United Shakespeare Company for preservation.^[9]
- The Band of Hope is established to promote teetotalism among young people by Rev. Jabez Tunnicliff in Leeds.^[10]^[11]
30 September – The Vegetarian Society is formed. It remains the oldest in the world.
November – Henry Francis Lyte writes the hymn Abide with Me at Brixham.
4–8 November – James Young Simpson discovers the anaesthetic properties of chloroform and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an obstetric case in Edinburgh.^[12]^[13]

Undated

Ongoing – Great Famine (Ireland): This summer's potato crop is free from blight, but inadequate due to the small area sown.^[14] The British Relief Association is founded and raises money throughout England, the United States and Australia to relieve distress, with the help of the "Queen's Letters", two letters from Queen Victoria appealing for assistance.^[15]
United Presbyterian Church of Scotland constituted.^[16]
Prince Albert is unsuccessfully challenged for the chancellorship of the University of Cambridge by The Earl of Powis. The winning margin is less than 120 votes.
The public school Radley College is founded near Oxford.

Publications

Anne Brontë's novel Agnes Grey under the pen name of Acton Bell.
Emily Brontë's novel Wuthering Heights under the pen name of Ellis Bell.
Charlotte Brontë's novel Jane Eyre under the pen name of Currer Bell.^[17]
Benjamin Disraeli's "Young England" novel Tancred.
Frederick Marryat's children's historical novel The Children of the New Forest.
Christina Rossetti's Verses by Christina G. Rossetti.
Alfred Tennyson's poetry collection The Princess: a medley.
William Makepeace Thackeray's novel Vanity Fair.^[17]

Births

9 February – Hugh Price Hughes, theologian and social reformer (died 1902)
13 February – Robert McAlpine, builder (died 1930)
3 March – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (died 1922)
7 May – Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1929)
11 June – Millicent Fawcett, suffragist and feminist (died 1929)
1 October – Annie Besant, née Wood, Theosophist, social and political campaigner and feminist (died 1933)
8 November – Bram Stoker, novelist (died 1912)
7 December – George Grossmith, actor and comic writer (died 1912)

Deaths

11 February – Macvey Napier, lawyer and encyclopaedia editor (born 1776)
13 February – Sharon Turner, historian (born 1768)
9 March – Mary Anning, palaeontologist (born 1799)
29 August – William Simson, painter (born 1800)
3 October – Charles Hatchett, chemist (born 1765)
20 November – Henry Francis Lyte, hymn-writer (born 1793)

References

↑ Halliday, S. (2003). "Duncan of Liverpool: Britain's first Medical Officer". Journal of Medical Biography. 11 (3): 142–149. PMID 12870037.
↑ Duckham, Helen; Baron (1973). Great Pit Disasters: Great Britain 1700 to the present day. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5717-4.
↑ Polden, Patrick (1999). A History of the County Court, 1846–1971. Cambridge University Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-521-62232-5.
↑ "The History of Birkenhead Park". Retrieved 13 September 2007.
↑ "The Exmouth – a terrible tragedy on Islay". Isle of Islay. 2011.
↑ "The Exmouth shipwreck off the Antrim Coast, Northern Ireland". My Secret Northern Ireland.
↑ Lewis, Peter R. (2007). Disaster on the Dee: Robert Stephenson's Nemesis of 1847. Stroud: Tempus Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7524-4266-2.
↑ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 269–270. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
↑ Marles, H. (1865). The Life and Labours of the Rev. Jabez Tunnicliff, Minister of the Gospel at Call Lane Chapel, Leeds, and Founder of the Band of Hope in England, obtained from authentic documents, chiefly records made by himself. London: Tweedies. pp. 213–219. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
↑ Brownlee, Nick (2002). This is Alcohol. p. 99.
↑ First communicated to the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh, 10 November, and published in a pamphlet, Notice of a New Anæsthetic Agent, in Edinburgh, 12 November.
↑ Gordon, H. Laing (2002). Sir James Young Simpson and Chloroform (1811–1870). Minerva Group, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4102-0291-8. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
↑ Moody, T.W.; Martin, F.X., eds. (1967). The Course of Irish History. Cork: Mercier Press. p. 376.
↑ Kinealy, Christine (1994). This Great Calamity: The Irish Famine 1845–52. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan. ISBN 0-7171-1832-0.
↑ Cates, William L. R. (1863). The Pocket Date Book. Chapman and Hall.
1 2 "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Archived from the original on 17 August 2007. Retrieved 13 September 2007.

Years in the United Kingdom

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland	1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926

Years in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

1847 in Europe

Sovereign states	Andorra Austria Baden Belgium Denmark France Germany Greece Hungary Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russia San Marino Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom

Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Malta

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