Allied leaders of World War I
Map of the World showing the participants in World War I. Those fighting along with the Allies (at one point or another) are depicted in green, the Central Powers in orange, and neutral countries in grey.
The Council of Four (from left to right): David Lloyd George, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando, Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson in Versailles.
The Allied leaders of World War I consist of the political and military figures that fought for or supported the Allies during World War I. For a larger list of Allied leaders than the one below, see Allies of World War I.
Russian Empire
- Nicholas II[2] – last Tsar of Russia, titular King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. His rule ended with the Russian Revolution. Nicholas was killed on 17 July 1918.
- Alexander Kerensky[3] − Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government
- Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich[4] – Commander-in-chief and viceroy in the Caucasus
- Alexander Samsonov[5] – Commander of the Russian Second Army for the invasion of East Prussia
- Paul von Rennenkampf[6] – Commander of the Russian First Army for the invasion of East Prussia
- Nikolay Ivanov[7] – Commander of the Russian army on the Southwestern Front, responsible for much of the action in Galicia
- Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich - Chief of the Imperial Russian Air Service
- Aleksei Brusilov[8] – Commander of the south, then provisional Commander-in-Chief after the Tsar's abdication
- Nikolai Yudenich - commander of the Russian forces in the Caucasus Campaign
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Russian SFSR
- Vladimir Lenin[9] − Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian SFSR
France
- Raymond Poincaré[10] – President of France, 1913–1920
- Rene Viviani – Prime Minister of France 1914-1915
- Joseph Joffre[11] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army and Marshal of France
- Ferdinand Foch[12] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army and Marshal of France, "Generalissimo of the Allied Armies" from spring 1918
- Robert Nivelle[13] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army
- Philippe Pétain[14] – Commander-in-Chief of the French Army and Marshal of Italy
- Maurice Sarrail - commander of the French forces in the Macedonian Front
United Kingdom
- H. H. Asquith – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (until 1916)[15]
- David Lloyd George – Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (from 1916 to 1922)
- Douglas Haig – Commander-in-Chief of the BEF (1915–1918)
- Sir John French - Commander-in-Chief of the BEF (1914–1915) and Commander-in-Chief, Home Forces (1915-1918)
- John Jellicoe – Commanding officer of the Grand Fleet (1914–1916), First Sea Lord (1916–1917)
- Horatio Herbert Kitchener – Secretary of State for War (5 August 1914 – 5 June 1916)
- Sir David Henderson - Director-General of Military Aeronautics (1 September 1913 – 18 October 1917)
- George Milne - Commander of the British forces at Doiran
- Reginald Wingate - commander of the British forces in the Anglo-Egyptian Darfur Expedition
- Edmund Allenby - commander of the Egyptian Expeditionary Force
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Serbia
- Peter I[16] – King of Serbia
- Crown Prince Alexander – Regent, Commander-in-Chief
- Nikola Pašić – Prime Minister
- Radomir Putnik - Field Marshal and commander-in-chief of the Serbian Army
- Stepa Stepanovic - General in the Serbian Army
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Belgium
King Albert (left) with his wife the Queen, and Fuad I of Egypt (right).
- Albert I of Belgium[17] – King of the Belgians
- Charles de Broqueville – Prime Minister (17 June 1911 – 1 June 1918)
- Gérard Cooreman – Prime Minister (1 June 1918 – 21 November 1918)
- Gérard Leman - Belgian general in the Battle of Liege
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Italy
- Victor Emmanuel III[18] – King of Italy
- Vittorio Orlando - Prime Minister of Italy at the end of the war.
- Luigi Cadorna – Commander-in-Chief of the Italian army
- Armando Diaz – Chief of General Staff of the Italian army
- Luigi Amedeo – Commander-in-Chief of the Adriatic Fleet of Italy
- Maurizio Moris - Head of Italian military aviation
- Ernesto Mombelli - Italian commander in Macedonia
- Alfredo Acton - Chief of Staff of the Italian Navy
Romania
- Ferdinand I - King of Romania
- Constantin Prezan – Chief of the General Staff of Romania
- Alexandru Averescu – Prime Minister of Romania and Marshal in the Romanian Army
United States of America
- Woodrow Wilson[19] – President of the United States
- Thomas R. Marshall[20] – Vice President of the United States
- John J. Pershing[21] – Commander of the American Expeditionary Force
- Newton D. Baker - Secretary of War
- William Sims - commander of all American naval forces in Europe
- Josephus Daniels - Secretary of the Navy
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Japan
- Ōkuma Shigenobu – Prime Minister of Japan (16 April 1914 – 9 Octo
- Terauchi Masatake – Prime Minister of Japan (9 October 1916 – 29 September 1918)
- Hara Takashi – Prime Minister of Japan (29 September 1918 – 4 November 1921)
Brazil
- Venceslau Brás – President of Brazil
- Pedro Frontin – Brazilian Admiral
- Dr. Nabuco Gouveia – Chief of the Brazilian Medical Delegation
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Greece
- Constantine I – King of Greece 1913 - 1917
- Eleftherios Venizelos – Prime Minister
- Pavlos Kountouriotis – Admiral
- Panagiotis Danglis - General in the Army
Siam
- Rama VI – King of Siam
- Chao Phraya Bodindechanuchit – Minister of Defence
- Chakrabongse Bhuvanath – Supreme Commander Siamese Expeditionary Forces
- Phraya Bijai Janriddhi – Commander of Siamese Expeditionary Forces in Western Front
Portugal
- Afonso Costa - Prime Minister of Portugal
- Bernardino Machado - President of Portugal
- Fernando Tamagnini de Abreu e Silva - commander-in-chief of the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps
- Jose Norton de Matos - commander-in-chief of the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps
See also
References
- Hart, Peter (2013). The Great War. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199976270.
- ↑ At George's wedding in 1893, The Times claimed that the crowd may have confused Nicholas with George, because their beards and dress made them look alike superficially (The Times (London) Friday, 7 July 1893, p.5). Their facial features were only different up close.
- ↑ Robert D. Warth, Nicholas II, The Life and Reign of Russia's Last Monarch, 20
- ↑ Hart 2013, pp. 299–300
- ↑
Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Nicholas (Nikolai Nikolayevich), Russian Grand Duke". Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York. - ↑ Who's Who: Alexander Samsonov Biography
- ↑ Who's Who: Paul von Rennenkampf
- ↑ First World War.com — Who's Who — Nikolai Ivanov
- ↑ Brusiloff, Hero of the Hour in Russia, Described Intimately by One Who Knows Him Well Charles Johnston, New York Times, 18 June 1916, accessed 8 February 2010
- ↑ Hart 2013, p. 302
- ↑ J. F. V. Keiger, Raymond Poincaré (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p126
- ↑ First World War – Willmott, H.P., Dorling Kindersley, 2003, Page 52
- ↑ Foch's Biography in French on the Immortals page of the Académie française
- ↑ Simkins, Peter; Jukes, Geoffrey & Hickey, Michael, The First World War: The War To End All Wars, Osprey Publishing, ISBN 1-84176-738-7
- ↑ Williams, Charles, Pétain, Little Brown (Time Warner Book Group UK), London, 2005, p. 206, ISBN 978-0-316-86127-4
- ↑ "HH Asquith (1852–1928)". BBC. Retrieved 16 December 2009.
- ↑ Dragoljub R. Živojinović, Kralj Petar I Karađorđević (King Peter I Karađorđević), vol. I-III, Belgrade, BIGZ 1988–1992.
- ↑ Carlo Bronne. Albert 1er: le roi sans terre.
- ↑ King Vittorio Emanuele III
- ↑ "Woodrow Wilson". Retrieved 24 December 2012.
- ↑ Hatfield, Mark O. (1997). "Thomas R. Marshall, 28th Vice President (1913–1921)". Senate Historical Office. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- ↑ "Library of Congress link: Washington held the title of "General and Commander in Chief" of the Continental Army".
- ↑ Bix, Herbert P. Hirohito and the Making of Modern Japan. Harper Perennial (2001). ISBN 0-06-093130-2
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