Artificial gills (human)

Artificial gills are devices to let a human take in oxygen from surrounding water. This is speculative technology that has not been demonstrated in a documented fashion. Natural gills work because nearly all animals with gills are thermoconformers, so they need much less oxygen than a thermoregulator of the same size.[1]

Methods

Several potential methods exist for the development of artificial gills. One proposed method is the use of liquid breathing with a membrane oxygenator to solve the problem of carbon dioxide retention, the major limiting factor in liquid breathing.[2][3] It is thought that a system such as this would allow for diving without risk of decompression sickness.[4]

They are generally thought to be unwieldy and bulky, because of the massive amount of water that would have to be processed to extract enough oxygen to supply an active diver, as an alternative to a scuba set.

An average diver with a fully closed-circuit rebreather needs 1.5 liters of oxygen per minute while swimming or .64 liters per minute while resting.[5] As a result, at least 192 litres (51 US gal) of sea water per minute would have to be passed through the system, and this system would not work in anoxic water. Seawater in tropical regions with abundant plant life contains 5–8 mg of oxygen per liter of water.[6] These calculations are based on the dissolved oxygen content of water.

See also

References

  1. ↑ Why don't people have gills? Archived 11 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
  2. ↑ Landé AJ, Claff CL, Sonstegard L, Roberts R, Perry C, Lillehei CW (1970). "An extracorporeal artificial gill utilizing liquid fluorocarbon". Fed. Proc. 29 (5): 1805–8. PMID 5466244.
  3. ↑ Landé, AJ (2006). "Sequenced, hemoglobin based artificial gills synthetic gill supports diver's or climber's breathing by concentrating O2 from seawater or from thin air at altitude, and venting CO2". Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (Annual scientific meeting abstract). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
  4. ↑ Landé, AJ (2006). "Artificial gill complements liquid breathing for diving to great depths, without being threatened by the bends". Undersea and Hyperbaric Medicine (Annual scientific meeting abstract). Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
  5. ↑ Knafelc, ME. "Oxygen Consumption Rate of Operational Underwater Swimmers.". United States Navy Experimental Diving Unit Technical Report. NEDU-1-89. Retrieved 2009-03-22.
  6. ↑ Fundamentals of Environmental Measurement

External links

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