Auckland (New Zealand electorate)

Auckland (or, more formally, City of Auckland) was a New Zealand electorate. It covered the core of Auckland during the early days of New Zealand democracy, when the city was small enough to be covered by two or three seats.

Population centres

The City of Auckland electorate was one of the original electorates, and was used in the country's first elections. It covered a territory roughly corresponding to the central business district of the city today, and was surrounded by another electorate called Auckland Suburbs. As the city was growing rapidly, however, the electorate did not last long — in the 1860 elections, it was divided into Auckland East and Auckland West.[1]

At the 1890 elections, however, the total number of seats was reduced. This necessitated the re-creation of a seat to cover all of inner Auckland. This was accomplished by merging most of Auckland Central, Auckland West, Auckland North and Ponsonby, and taking a considerable amount of Parnell. In the 1893 elections, the seat absorbed most of Newton electorate, but lost some of its southern territories to the remnants of Parnell. In 1902 elections, Grey Lynn was split away into its own electorate. In the 1905 elections, the remainder of the electorate was split in three, becoming Auckland Central, Auckland East, and Auckland West.[1]

History

The 1890 election was contested by seven candidates. John Shera, Thomas Thompson and William Lee Rees received 2006, 1860 and 1761 votes, respectively, and were elected. Adam Porter, William Joseph Napier, James Wallis and Harry Farnall received 1501, 1319, 748 and 262 votes, respectively, and were unsuccessful.[2][3]

Members of Parliament

Key

  Independent     Liberal     Conservative  

Election Winner(s)
1853 election Thomas Bartley Loughlin O'Brien James O'Neill
1854 by-election William Brown
1855 election Thomas Beckham William Daldy Logan Campbell
1858 by-election Thomas Forsaith
1860 by-election Archibald Clark[4]
(Electorate abolished 1861–1890 and split in two, see Auckland East and Auckland West; from 1887–1890 also Auckland Central)
1890 election William Lee Rees John Shera Thomas Thompson
1893 by-election Alfred Cadman
1893 election Charles Button William Crowther George Grey
1895 by-election Thomas Thompson
1896 election James Job Holland
1899 election William Napier George Fowlds
1900 by-election Joseph Witheford
1902 election Frederick Baume Alfred Kidd
(Electorate abolished 1905 and split in three, see Auckland Central, Auckland East, and Auckland West)

Election results

1902 election

General election, 1902: Auckland[5]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Joseph Witheford 7,854 58.73
Liberal Frederick Baume 7,540 56.38
Liberal Alfred Kidd 5,786 43.26
Conservative William Richardson 4,852 36.28
Liberal William Joseph Napier 4,271 31.93 -15.36
Labour Arthur Rosser 3,504 26.20 -1.03
Independent Liberal Robert French 3,055 22.84 +12.24
Independent J H Hannan 2,016 15.07
Labour John Fawcus 966 7.22
Conservative A P Bradly 217 1.62
Independent H N Simson 58 0.43
Majority 934 6.98
Turnout 13,373 66.94 -3.37
Registered electors 19,976

1900 by-election

City of Auckland by-election, 1900[6][7]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Joseph Witheford 4,927 44.79
Conservative Richard Hobbs 2,823 25.66 -10.39
Liberal James Job Holland 2,236 20.32 -15.80
Liberal William Richardson 991 9.00
Labour L W S Small 23 0.20
Majority 2,104 19.12
Turnout 11,000

1899 election

General election, 1899: Auckland[8][9][10]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Joseph Napier 6,097 47.29
Conservative William Crowther 5,595 43.40 +17.72
Liberal George Fowlds 4,751 36.85 -12.07
Liberal James Job Holland 4,657 36.12 -15.19
Conservative Richard Hobbs 4,647 36.05
Liberal Frederick Baume 3,792 29.41
Liberal-Labour Arthur Rosser 3,511 27.23 -10.87
Conservative Samuel Vaile 2,456 19.05
Liberal-Labour James Regan 1,470 11.40
Independent Liberal Robert French 1,366 10.60
Independent Liberal Patrick Quinlan 334 2.59
Majority 94 0.73 -10.09
Turnout 12,892 70.31 +9.56
Registered electors 18,336

1896 election

General election, 1896: Auckland[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Thompson 7,192 58.60 +19.85
Liberal James Job Holland 6,298 51.32
Conservative William Crowther 6,004 48.92 +3.96
Liberal-Labour Arthur Rosser[12] 4,676 38.10
Conservative Charles Button 4,008 32.66 -8.68
Conservative Edwin Mitchelson 3,620 29.50
Liberal George Fowlds 3,152 25.68
Liberal-Labour John Fawcus 906 7.38
Liberal John Shera 609 4.96 -2.82
Independent Ernest Eugster 354 2.88
Majority 1,328 10.82
Turnout 12,273 60.75 +0.02
Registered electors 20,204

1895 by-election

City of Auckland by-election, 1895[13]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Thompson 5,528 60.99
Conservative Richard Monk 3,535 39.01
Majority 1,993 21.99
Turnout 9,063

1893 election

General election, 1893: City of Auckland[14][15]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent George Grey 6,379 62.57
Conservative William Crowther 4,584 44.96
Conservative Charles Button 4,214 41.34
Conservative Thomas Tudehope[16] 4,146 40.67
Liberal Thomas Thompson 3,950 38.75 -20.23
Liberal William Joseph Napier 3,531 34.64 -7.18
Independent Liberal Edward Withy[16] 2,393 23.47
Liberal John Shera 793 7.78 -55.85
Liberal Samuel Vaile[16] 502 4.92
Liberal Thomas Fernandez 92 0.90
Majority 68 0.67
Turnout 10,195 60.73 +14.30
Registered electors 16,788

1893 by-election

City of Auckland by-election, 1893[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Alfred Cadman 1,888 62.51
Liberal William Lee Rees 1,132 37.48
Majority 751 24.86
Turnout 3,020

1890 election

General election, 1890: City of Auckland[2][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal John Shera 2,006 63.63
Liberal Thomas Thompson 1,860 58.98
Liberal William Lee Rees 1,761 55.86
Independent Adam Porter 1,501 47.61
Liberal William Joseph Napier 1,319 41.82
Conservative James Wallis 748 23.70
Independent H W Farnall 262 8.31
Majority 505 15.99
Turnout 9,457 46.43
Registered electors 6,788

1853 election

General election, 1853: Auckland[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Independent Loughlin O'Brien 415 84.46
Independent James O'Neill 391 79.58
Independent Thomas Bartley 269 54.75
Independent John Makepeace 257 52.31
Independent William Daldy 142 28.90
Majority 12[mb 1] 2.44
Turnout 491[mb 2] 62.27
Registered electors 789

Table footnotes:

  1. ↑ Majority is difference between lowest winning poll (Bartley – 269) and highest losing poll (Makepeace – 257).
  2. ↑ As electors had three votes each, turnout is assumed to be the sum of votes divided by three.

References

  1. 1 2 Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.
  2. 1 2 "The General Election, 1890". National Library. 1891. p. 1. Retrieved 25 February 2012.
  3. ↑ "Auckland City". Auckland Star. XXI (280). 27 November 1890. p. 5. Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  4. ↑ Cyclopedia Company Limited (1902). "Mr. Archibald Clark". The Cyclopedia of New Zealand : Auckland Provincial District. Christchurch. Retrieved 24 June 2010.
  5. ↑ "New Zealand General Election, 1902". Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives, 1903 Session I, H-26. Retrieved 15 May 2013. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  6. ↑ "Auckland By-Election". Manawatu Standard. XXXVIII (6683). 28 April 1900. p. 3. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  7. ↑ "The Auckland Election". Poverty Bay Herald. XXVII (8820). 28 April 1900. p. 2. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  8. ↑ "The General Election, 1899". Wellington: Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives. 19 June 1900. p. 1. Retrieved 1 November 2012.
  9. ↑ "City of Auckland Electorate". Observer. XVIII (1092). 2 December 1899. p. 17. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  10. ↑ "Auckland City". Observer. XVIII (1093). 9 December 1899. p. 3. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  11. ↑ "The General Election". Auckland Star. XXVII (305). 23 December 1896. p. 6. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
  12. ↑ Husbands, Paul. "Rosser, Arthur". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved December 2011. Check date values in: |access-date= (help)
  13. ↑ "Decisive Victory for Mr Thompson". Fielding Star. XVII (22). 25 July 1895. p. 2. Retrieved 4 April 2016.
  14. ↑ The General Election, 1893. Government Printer. 1894. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
  15. ↑ "The General Election". Otago Daily Times. 28 November 1893. p. 6. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  16. 1 2 3 "Electorate City of Auckland". Auckland Star. XXIV (274). 18 November 1893. p. 8. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  17. ↑ "Auckland Election". Hawera & Normanby Star. XXVI (2497). 5 August 1893. p. 2. Retrieved 1 April 2016.
  18. ↑ "Parliamentary candidates". The Press. XLVIL (7722). 29 November 1890. p. 5. Retrieved 18 April 2012.
  19. ↑ "Representative Assembly". Daily Southern Cross. X (639). 12 August 1853. p. 3. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
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