Battle of Faventia (82 BC)

Battle of Faventia

Roman era gate at Faventia.

Date	September, 82 BC
Location	Faenza, Roman Republic
Result	Indecisive Populares Victory

Belligerents

Optimates

Populares

Commanders and leaders

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius

Gaius Norbanus Balbus

Strength

20,000 Legionaries

25,000 Legionaries

Casualties and losses

Low

High

Roman Republican Civil Wars

1st Servile 2nd Servile Social Sulla's 1st Sertorian Sulla's 2nd 3rd Servile Catilinarian conspiracy Caesar's Post-Caesarian Liberators' Sicilian Fulvia's Final

First Civil War of the Roman Republic

Mount Tifata Asio River Sacriporto Sena Gálica Saturnia Glanis River Espolecio 1 Clusium 1 Espolecio 2 Faventia Fidentia Clusium 2 Colline Gate Praeneste Neápolis Utica Norba Caesarina Nola Volterras

The Battle of Faventia was a battle that took place in September of 82 BC at Faventia during the context of Sulla's Second Civil War. The battle pitted the Optimates under the command of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius against the Populares forces commanded by Gaius Norbanus Balbus. The battle resulted in an Optimate victory.

Context

Main article: Sulla's Second Civil War

Through the course of the campaign of 82 BC, the Populares forces had divided into two groups, those in the north under the command of Gnaeus Papirius Carbo, and those in the south who were commanded by Gaius Marius the Younger. Sulla had successfully defeated Marius Battle of Sacriporto and had managed to pin Marius and his fellow survivors under a siege at Preneste. Rome itself soon after had fallen to the Optimates. Soon after, the war had shifted to Etruria where Sulla engaged in a pitched cavalry skirmish against Popular forces near the Glanis River, emerging victorious.^[1] His forces managed to defeat those of Gnaeus Papirius Carbo after expelling Carbo from Picenum.

The Battle

After expelling Carbo's forces from Picenum, Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius camped at Faventia having decided to wait for the arrival of Gaius Norbanus Balbus who was marching with his army from Cisalpine Gaul. At the beginning of September, Norbanus Balbus arrived in the region and marched his forces towards Metellus' camp. No sooner had Norbanus Balbus arrived than he gave battle to Metellus' army. His soldiers were tired from their long march and were quickly routed. Norbanus Balbus' army retreated through a vineyard and many of his forces were slaughtered there as they ran. Those that escaped, Norbanus Balbus amongst them, directed themselves towards Ariminum.^[2]

References

↑ Mommsen 1856a, pp. 344–347
↑ Appian, The Civil Wars, 1, 91.

Bibliography

Classic Sources

Appian, The Civil Wars.

Modern Sources

Gabba, Emilio (1958). Appiani bellorum civile liber primus (in Italian). Florentia: La Nouva Italia, 1958.
Lovano, Michael (2002). The Age of Cinna: Cruciable of Late Republican Rome. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Veralg, 2002. ISBN 978-3-515-07948-8.
Mommsen, Theodor (1856a). Historia de Roma. 3. Translated by Alejo García Moreno. Madrid: Turner, 2003. ISBN 978-84-7506-607-3.

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