Cathedral Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi (Santa Fe)

Cathedral Basilica of
St. Francis of Assisi
Location Santa Fe, New Mexico
Country United States
Denomination Catholic Church
Website www.cbsfa.org
History
Founded 1714 (parish)
Dedication St. Francis of Assisi
Dedicated 1887
Architecture
Status Cathedral/Parish
Functional status Active
Style Romanesque Revival
Years built 1869-1887
Administration
Archdiocese Santa Fe
Clergy
Archbishop Most Rev. John Wester
Rector Rev. Adam Lee Ortega y Ortiz
St. Francis Cathedral
Location 131 Cathedral Place
Santa Fe, New Mexico
Coordinates 35°41′11.4″N 105°56′10.68″W / 35.686500°N 105.9363000°W / 35.686500; -105.9363000Coordinates: 35°41′11.4″N 105°56′10.68″W / 35.686500°N 105.9363000°W / 35.686500; -105.9363000
Part of Santa Fe Historic District (#73001150[1])
Added to NRHP July 23, 1973

The Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi, commonly known as Saint Francis Cathedral, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in downtown Santa Fe, New Mexico. It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Santa Fe.

The cathedral was built by Archbishop Jean Baptiste Lamy between 1869 and 1886 on the site of an older adobe church, La Parroquia (built in 1714–1717). An older church on the same site, built in 1626, was destroyed in the 1680 Pueblo Revolt. The new cathedral was built around La Parroquia, which was dismantled once the new construction was complete. A small chapel on the north side of the cathedral was kept from the old church.

Influenced by the French-born Archbishop Lamy and in dramatic contrast to the surrounding adobe structures, Saint Francis Cathedral was designed in the Romanesque Revival style. As such, the cathedral features characteristic round arches separated by Corinthian columns and truncated square towers. The large rose window in front and those of the Twelve Apostles in the lateral nave windows were imported from Clermont-Ferrand in France. The towers were originally planned to be topped with dramatic 160-foot (49 m) steeples, but due to lack of funds, these were never built. The left tower is a single row of bricks taller than the right tower. The cathedral was built from yellow limestone blocks quarried near the present site of Lamy. A 2005 addition to the upper facade of the cathedral is a small, round window featuring a dove, the symbol of the Holy Spirit. It is a stained glass replica of the translucent alabaster window designed in the 17th century by the Italian artist Bernini for St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City.

The Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi was officially elevated to a basilica by Pope Benedict XVI on October 4, 2005, when it was named the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi.

Outside portico

Statue of Lamy in front of the cathedral
St. Francis of Assisi

This statue of St. Francis, the patron saint of the diocese, was installed at the Cathedral during the 1967 renovations.

Saint Kateri

Kateri Tekakwitha (1656–1680) is the first North American Indian to be beatified, and was canonized in October 2012.[2] She was an Algonquian-Mohawk woman of New York State. At an early age, she converted to Christianity.[3] The statue was created by Estella Loretto, a sculptor from the nearby Jemez Pueblo, and installed in August 2003.[4] A plaque noting Kateri's canonization was added in October 2012.

Jean-Baptiste Lamy

A statue by Jeno Juszko honors Father Lamy (1814–1888), who was installed as the first Bishop of the Diocese of Santa Fe in 1850. Under his direction, the cornerstone of the current cathedral was laid in 1869. He became Archbishop in 1875, when the Diocese was raised to an Archdiocese.[5] He retired in July 1885 to his residence north of town, known as Bishop's Lodge. He is buried in the crypt beneath the Cathedral floor.[5]

Stations of the Cross Prayer Garden

Fourteen life-size sculptures by Gib Singleton represent stages during the events in the hours leading up to Jesus' crucifixion as developed by St. Francis of Assisi. The Prayer Garden is sited in the remnant of Bishop Lamy's once-extensive gardens on the cathedral grounds.

West front

Keystone

The keystone in the arch above the main entrance contains a triangle with the Tetragrammaton in Hebrew carved in it. An "old story" suggests that this was Fr. Lamy's way of thanking various local Jewish merchants for their financial contributions towards the building of the cathedral.[6] Although Jewish merchants in Santa Fe did help fund the building, there are other examples of the Catholic Church using Hebrew symbols outside of Santa Fe that cast doubt on this story's credibility.[7]

keystone Tetragrammaton
Bronze doors
Bronze doors

During the restoration of 1986, new doors were created, each with ten bronze panels that portray events in the history of the church in Santa Fe. Donna Quastoff was the commissioned sculptor.[5]

Interior

Main Nave
Nave

The baptismal font is in the center of the nave. Made of Brazilian granite, it was dedicated on June 3, 2001 by Most Rev. Michael J. Sheehan. The eight-sided form represents the 8th day, or Easter, marking God's New Creation through the resurrection of Jesus Christ.[5] The basin is a cruciform, with three steps representative of the 3 days between Jesus' crucifixion and his resurrection. The rill symbolizes the four Evangelists, who cast their nets to catch men. Its location directly between the doors and the altar is representative of the faith journey.[5] To the south is the Ambry Cabinet, containing the oils used in the sacraments. To the north is the Easter Candle stand.[5]

Surrounding the nave along the walls are the Stations of the Cross. The original artwork was done in New Mexico Mission Style. The French archbishops gradually removed the art and painted the walls white. In 1997, the current Archbishop began to have the interior restored as it was historically. The Stations are created in Santero style by Marie Romero Cash. Roberto Montoya, a Penitent, carved the Spanish-style frames.[5]

San Damiano Crucifix (replica)
La Conquistadora Chapel

In 1626, Fray Alonso Benavides brought Our Lady of the Rosary to Santa Fe. The chapel was built at that time for the statue. During the Pueblo Revolt, the statue was removed, but returned in 1693 during the peaceful return of the Spanish settlers. She was renamed La Conquistadora in honor of what was believed to be her peaceful acceptance by the natives.[5] Behind the statue is a reredos, a mural style from Spain, which depicts various saints. During a recent (2000–2009) restoration, an older painting was found.[5] On the left are the coffins of two early Franciscan priests. The chapel is listed as a "contributing property" of the Santa Fe Historic District.[8]

Blessed Sacrament Chapel

The chapel is reserved for prayer. The window wall along the south transept was added during the 1986 renovations. Etched into the glass are depictions of the Apostles and the Holy Family, by the artist Andrea Bacigalupa. The stained glass windows in the chapel were made in France and represent the Eucharist.[5]

Sanctuary

Located in the east end of the nave is the sanctuary. Above the altar is the San Damiano Crucifix, a replica of the crucifix in Assisi, Italy. Tradition says that the Lord leaned down from the crucifix and said; "Francis, go and repair my house."[5]

Reredos with St. Francis surrounded by saints of the New World.

The altar screen, a reredos, was created for the 100th anniversary of the Cathedral in 1986. In the center is an 18th-century statue of St. Francis.[5] He is surrounded by painted images of saints of the New World.[5]

Directly behind the sanctuary is the entrance to the crypt. The sanctuary was redesigned in 1986 in accordance with changes in the liturgical worship. The Archbishop's chair is located to the north, next to a pillar.[5]

Cultural references

A fictionalized account of the cathedral's origins is included in Willa Cather's Death Comes for the Archbishop. Due to its prominent location off the plaza, many artists who have lived or worked in Santa Fe have captured its image in their work. Edward Hopper painted Saint Francis' Towers, Santa Fe during his 1925 trip to the city.[9] The cathedral can also be seen in the photograph View from La Fonda Poolside by photographer Nicholas Nixon.[10]

References

  1. ↑ National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
  2. ↑ Sharon Otterman, "Complex Emotions with Naming of First American Indian Saint", New York Times, 25 July 2012
  3. ↑ Brass plaque under the statue
  4. ↑ Statue Honors Catholic Indian - St. Francis Basilica to Add Indian Woman Statue, August 2003
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Welcome Bienvenidos!; The Cathedral Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi; Santa Fe, New Mexico
  6. ↑ Chavez, Frey Angelico, ‘’The Santa Fe Cathedral of Saint Francis of Assisi’’, © Frey Angelico Chavez, 1947, 1995 edition p. 26-27
  7. ↑ Fierman, Floyd S. (1987). Roots and Boots : From Crypto-Jew in New Spain to Community Leader in the American Southwest. Hoboken: Ktav Publishing. pp. 135–136. ISBN 0881251143.
  8. ↑ "La Conquistadora Chapel", List of contributing properties
  9. ↑ Hopper, Edward. "St. Francis' Towers, Santa Fe". The Phillips Collection. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  10. ↑ "New Mexico Art Tells New Mexico History". View From La Fonda Poolside. New Mexico Museum of Art. Retrieved 16 January 2014.
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