Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Qualification
Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
List of cyclists | ||||
Qualification | ||||
Road cycling | ||||
Road race | men | women | ||
Time trial | men | women | ||
Track cycling | ||||
Sprint | men | women | ||
Team sprint | men | women | ||
Keirin | men | women | ||
Team pursuit | men | women | ||
Omnium | men | women | ||
Mountain biking | ||||
Cross-country | men | women | ||
BMX | ||||
BMX | men | women | ||
For the cycling competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics, the following qualification systems are in place.
Summary
Track cycling
An NOC is entitled to enter a single team in each of the four team events. An NOC without a team in the relevant team event may qualify up to two places in sprint and keirin, and one place in omnium; an NOC with a team may enter that number from its team resources, for a total of twenty three quota places, an increase from the 2012 games which had a one rider per event limit in sprint and keirin; however, a limit of 15 riders (8 men, 7 women ) is placed on each NOC, with the possibility of drafting in two further riders from other cycling events. For certain countries, therefore, the number of quota places earned will significantly exceed the numbers of riders qualified; in effect, members of team events will 'double up', for team sprint athletes in sprint and keirin, and team pursuit athletes in omnium.
Road cycling
Similarly, the cyclists who compete in the road time trial must also compete in the road race event; thus an NOC may win 2 quota places, but be allowed to take only one rider.
Nation | Road | Track | MTB | BMX | Total | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | Women | Men | Women | M | W | M | W | Q | R | |||||||||||
RR | TT | RR | TT | TS | KE | SP | TP | OM | TS | KE | SP | TP | OM | |||||||
Algeria | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Argentina | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 6 | |||||||||||||
Australia | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 34 | 31 |
Austria | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Azerbaijan | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Belarus | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | X | 7 | 4 | |||||||||||||
Belgium | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 14 | |||||||||
Bolivia | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Brazil | 2 | 2 | X | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 10 | |||||||||||
Bulgaria | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Canada | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 2 | 1 | 22 | 19 | |||||
Chile | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
China | 1 | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 1 | 1 | 11 | 14 | |||||||||
Colombia | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | X | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 16 | 15 | |||||||
Costa Rica | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Croatia | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Cuba | 1 | 1 | 1 | X | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||
Cyprus | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Czech Republic | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 14 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Denmark | 3 | 1 | X | X | X | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 13 | |||||||||
Dominican Republic | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Ecuador | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Egypt | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Eritrea | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Estonia | 2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||
Ethiopia | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Finland | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
France | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 30 | 22 | ||
Germany | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 32 | 29 |
Great Britain | 5 | 1 | 3 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 1 | 2 | X | X | 1 | 2 | 24 | 26 | |||
Greece | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Guam | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Guatemala | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Hong Kong | 1 | X | 1 | 1 | X | 1 | 6 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Hungary | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Indonesia | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Iran | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
Ireland | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
Israel | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Italy | 5 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | X | X | 3 | 1 | 19 | 19 | |||||||||
Japan | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | X | X | 1 | 1 | 10 | 9 | |||||||||
Kazakhstan | 2 | 1 | X | 4 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Kosovo | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Laos | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Latvia | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||
Lesotho | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Lithuania | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Luxembourg | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Malaysia | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Mauritius | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Mexico | 1 | 1 | X | 1 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Morocco | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||
Namibia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||
Netherlands | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | 1 | 3 | 2 | 31 | 25 | ||
New Zealand | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 1 | 1 | 20 | 19 | ||
Norway | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Poland | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | X | 2 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 20 | 17 | ||||||||
Portugal | 4 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Puerto Rico | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Romania | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Russia | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | X | X | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 16 | ||||
Rwanda | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Serbia | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Slovakia | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Slovenia | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 7 | ||||||||||||||
South Africa | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 7 | |||||||||||||
South Korea | 2 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | 1 | 10 | 8 | |||||||||||
Spain | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | 3 | 17 | 12 | ||||||||||
Sweden | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||
Switzerland | 3 | 1 | 1 | X | X | 3 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 15 | ||||||||||
Chinese Taipei | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Thailand | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Timor-Leste | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Trinidad and Tobago | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Tunisia | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
Turkey | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||||||||
Ukraine | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||||||
United Arab Emirates | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||
United States | 2 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | X | X | X | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 22 | 21 | ||||||
Venezuela | 2 | 1 | 1 | X | 2 | 2 | X | 1 | 1 | 10 | 9 | |||||||||
Total: 80 NOCs | 144 | 40 | 67 | 25 | 9 | 27 | 27 | 9 | 18 | 9 | 27 | 27 | 9 | 18 | 50 | 30 | 32 | 16 | 581 | 520 |
- Legend
- TS – Team Sprint
- KE – Keirin
- SP – Sprint
- TP – Team Pursuit
- OM – Omnium
- RR – Road Race
- TT – Individual Time Trial
- Q – Quotas
- R – Riders
Timeline
The following is a timeline of the qualification events for the cycling events at the 2016 Summer Olympics.
Event | Date | Venue |
---|---|---|
Road[1] | ||
2015 African Continental Championships (men) | February 9–14, 2015 | Wartburg, South Africa |
2015 Asian Cycling Championships (men) | February 10–14, 2015 | Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand |
2015 Pan American Road Cycling Championships (men) | May 7–10, 2015 | León, Mexico |
2015 UCI Road World Championships | September 19–27, 2015 | Richmond, United States |
2015 UCI World Tour | October 4, 2015 | N/A |
2015 UCI Africa Tour | January 1, 2016 | |
2015 UCI America Tour | ||
2015 UCI Asia Tour | ||
2015 UCI Europe Tour | ||
2015 UCI Oceania Tour | ||
2016 Asian Cycling Championships (women) | January 19–24, 2016 | Tokyo, Japan |
2016 African Continental Championships (women) | February 22–26, 2016 | Casablanca, Morocco |
2016 Pan American Road Cycling Championships (women) | May 26–28, 2016 | San Cristóbal, Venezuela |
2015–2016 UCI World Ranking (women) | May 31, 2016 | N/A |
Track[2] | ||
Close of the UCI Olympic Track Ranking 2014–2016 (at end of 2016 UCI Track Cycling World Championships) | March 6, 2016 | London, United Kingdom |
Mountain biking[3] | ||
2015 Oceania Continental Championships | February 26–27, 2015 | Toowoomba, Australia |
2015 Pan American Continental Championships | March 27–29, 2015 | Cota, Colombia |
2015 African Continental Championships | May 5–10, 2015 | Musanze, Rwanda |
2015 Asian Cycling Championships | August 12–16, 2015 | Melaka, Malaysia |
Establishment of the UCI Olympic qualification ranking | May 25, 2016 | N/A |
BMX[4] | ||
2016 UCI BMX World Championships | May 25–29, 2016 | Medellín, Colombia[5] |
Establishment of the UCI Rankings by Nation | May 31, 2016 | N/A |
Road cycling
Men's road race
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
Host nation | N/A | Brazil | 2 |
2015 UCI World Tour | 1st | Spain | 5 |
2nd | Italy | 5 | |
3rd | Colombia | 5 | |
4th | Great Britain | 5 | |
5th | Belgium | 5 | |
6th | France | 4 | |
7th | Netherlands | 4 | |
8th | Australia | 3* | |
9th | Germany | 4 | |
10th | Norway | 1* | |
11th | Poland | 3* | |
12th | Portugal | 4 | |
13th | Czech Republic | 3* | |
14th | Slovenia | 3* | |
15th | Switzerland | 4 | |
Individual | Slovakia | 1 | |
Individual | Luxembourg | 1 | |
UCI Africa Tour | 1st | Morocco | 3 |
2nd | Algeria | 2 | |
3rd | South Africa | 1** | |
4th | Eritrea | 1** | |
Individual | Tunisia | 1 | |
Individual | Rwanda | 1 | |
UCI America Tour | 1st | Canada | 3 |
2nd | Argentina | 3 | |
3rd | Venezuela | 2** | |
4th | United States | 1** | |
5th | Costa Rica | 1** | |
Individual | Ecuador | 1 | |
Individual | Guatemala | 1 | |
Individual | Chile | 1 | |
UCI Asia Tour | 1st | Iran | 3 |
2nd | Kazakhstan | 2 | |
3rd | Japan | 2 | |
4th | South Korea | 2 | |
UCI Europe Tour | 1st | Ukraine | 3 |
2nd | Slovenia | 1*** | |
3rd | Russia | 3 | |
4th | Denmark | 3 | |
5th | Norway | 3*** | |
6th | Poland | 1*** | |
7th | Austria | 2 | |
8th | Belarus | 2 | |
9th | Turkey | 2 | |
10th | Czech Republic | 1*** | |
11th | Lithuania | 2 | |
12th | Estonia | 2 | |
13th | Ireland | 2 | |
14th | Latvia | 2 | |
15th | Croatia | 2 | |
16th | | 2 | |
Individual | Azerbaijan | 1 | |
Individual | Serbia | 1 | |
Individual | Greece | 1 | |
Individual | Bulgaria | 1 | |
Individual | Romania | 1 | |
UCI Oceania Tour | 1st | New Zealand | 2 |
2015 African Championships | 1st | Ethiopia | 1 |
2nd | Namibia | 1 | |
2015 Asian Championships | 1st | United Arab Emirates | 1 |
2nd | Hong Kong | 1 | |
2015 Pan American Championships | 1st | Mexico | 1 |
2nd | Dominican Republic | 1 | |
Re-allocation of unused quota | Puerto Rico | 1 | |
South Africa | 1 | ||
United States | 1 | ||
Tripartite Commission Invitation | Bolivia | 1 | |
Kosovo | 1 | ||
Laos | 1 | ||
Total | 144 |
* Quota reduced to the number of riders in the ranking of the respective tour
** Quota reduced by one to accommodate for the individual qualifiers on the same tour
*** Additional quota places earned on the continental tour for countries with quota reduction due to lack of ranked riders on the world tour
Men's individual time trial
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2015 UCI World Tour | 1st | Spain | 1 |
2nd | Italy | 1 | |
3rd | Colombia | 1 | |
4th | Great Britain | 1 | |
5th | Belgium | 1 | |
6th | France | 1 | |
7th | Netherlands | 1 | |
8th | Australia | 1 | |
9th | Germany | 1 | |
10th | Norway | 1 | |
11th | Poland | 1 | |
12th | Portugal | 1 | |
13th | Czech Republic | 1 | |
14th | Slovenia | 1 | |
15th | Switzerland | 1 | |
UCI Africa Tour | 1st | Morocco | 1 |
2nd | Algeria | 1 | |
UCI America Tour | 1st | Canada | 1 |
2nd | Argentina | 1 | |
3rd | Venezuela | 1 | |
4th | United States | 1 | |
UCI Asia Tour | 1st | Iran | 1 |
2nd | Kazakhstan | 1 | |
UCI Europe Tour | 1st | Ukraine | 1 |
2nd | Russia | 1 | |
3rd | Denmark | 1 | |
4th | Austria | 1 | |
5th | Belarus | 1 | |
6th | Turkey | 1 | |
UCI Oceania Tour | 1st | New Zealand | 1 |
2015 UCI World Championships | 1st | Belarus | 1 |
2nd | Italy | 1 | |
3rd | France | 1 | |
4th | Spain | 1 | |
5th | Netherlands | 1 | |
6th | Australia | 1 | |
7th | Germany | 1 | |
8th | Poland | 1 | |
9th | Czech Republic | 1 | |
10th | United States | 1 | |
Total | 40 |
Women's road race
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
Host nation | N/A | Brazil | 1 |
2016 UCI World Ranking | 1 to 5 | Netherlands United States Italy Australia Germany | 4 |
6 to 13 | Poland Sweden Great Britain Canada Belgium | 3 | |
France South Africa Luxembourg | 2* | ||
14 to 22 | Russia Ukraine Belarus Finland Cuba New Zealand Mexico Switzerland Spain | 1* | |
Individual top 100 | Chinese Taipei Norway Brazil Azerbaijan Thailand Austria Slovenia Lithuania Cyprus Israel Japan Chile | 1 | |
2016 African Championships | 1st | Namibia | 1 |
2016 Pan American Championships | 1st | Venezuela | 1 |
2016 Asian Championships | 1st | South Korea | 1 |
Re-allocation of unused host quota | Colombia | 1 | |
Total | 68 |
* Quota reduced by one to accommodate for the individual qualifiers
Women's individual time trial
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2016 UCI World Ranking | 1 to 15 | Netherlands United States Italy Australia Germany Poland Great Britain Canada Belgium France South Africa Luxembourg Russia Ukraine | 1 |
2015 UCI World Championships | 1 to 10 | New Zealand Netherlands Germany Australia United States Belarus Belgium Canada Japan Poland Norway | 1 |
Total | 25 |
Track cycling
Men's team sprint
Teams must be composed of 3 riders.
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Teams per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Germany France Netherlands Great Britain Australia New Zealand Poland Venezuela South Korea | 1 |
Total | 9 |
Men's sprint
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Russia Colombia China Czech Republic Trinidad and Tobago Japan Spain Russia Czech Republic | 1 |
NOCs qualified for Team Sprint | Germany France Netherlands Great Britain Australia New Zealand Poland Venezuela South Korea | up to 2 | |
Total | 27 |
Men's Keirin
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Colombia United States Malaysia Russia Canada Japan Greece Czech Republic Japan | 1 |
NOCs qualified for Team Sprint | Germany France Netherlands Great Britain Australia New Zealand Poland Venezuela South Korea | 2 | |
Total | 27 |
Men's team pursuit
Teams must be composed of 4 riders.
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Teams per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Australia Great Britain New Zealand Germany Denmark Switzerland Italy Netherlands China | 1 |
Total | 9 |
Men's Omnium
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 18 | Australia Colombia Germany Italy Denmark Great Britain New Zealand France Belgium Netherlands Switzerland United States Japan Brazil Hong Kong Kazakhstan Mexico South Korea | 1 |
Total | 18 |
Women's team sprint
Teams must be composed of 2 riders.
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Teams per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | China Russia Australia Germany Netherlands Spain France Canada New Zealand | 1 |
Total | 9 |
Women's sprint
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Hong Kong Lithuania Cuba Great Britain Azerbaijan Great Britain Malaysia Colombia Egypt | 1 |
NOCs qualified for Team Sprint | China Russia Australia Germany Netherlands Spain France Canada New Zealand | up to 2 | |
Total | 27 |
Women's Keirin
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified NOC | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Hong Kong South Korea Lithuania Cuba Ukraine Colombia Ireland Great Britain Azerbaijan | 1 |
NOCs qualified for Team Sprint | China Russia Australia Germany Netherlands Spain France Canada New Zealand | up to 2 | |
Total | 27 |
Women's team pursuit
Teams must be composed of 4 riders.
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified | Teams per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 9 | Great Britain Canada Australia China United States New Zealand Italy Germany Poland | 1 |
Total | 9 |
Women's Omnium
Event | Ranking by Nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2014–2016 Olympic track ranking | 1 to 18 | Great Britain Netherlands United States Belgium Australia France Cuba Belarus Denmark Poland Germany Canada New Zealand China Hong Kong Chinese Taipei Venezuela Japan | 1 |
Total | 18 |
Mountain biking
Men's cross-country race
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2016 UCI Olympic qualification ranking | 1 to 5 | Switzerland France Spain Czech Republic Italy | 3 |
6 to 13 | Germany Netherlands* Australia Belgium Canada Portugal South Africa Brazil | 2 | |
14 to 26 | Austria Slovakia United States Argentina New Zealand Denmark Greece Israel Japan Hungary Russia Great Britain | 1 | |
2015 African Championships | 1 to 2 | Mauritius Rwanda | 1 |
2015 Pan American Championships | 1 to 2 | Colombia Costa Rica | 1 |
2015 Asian Championships | 1 to 2 | China Hong Kong | 1 |
Oceania | 1 | Guam | 1 |
Tripartite Commission Invitation | 1 | Lesotho | 1 |
Total | 50 |
Women's cross-country race
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
2016 UCI Olympic qualification ranking | 1 to 8 | Switzerland Germany Canada France United States Slovenia Poland Ukraine | 2 |
9 to 19 | Russia Norway Denmark Belgium Brazil Italy Australia Sweden Serbia Czech Republic | 1 | |
2015 African Championships | 1 | Namibia | 1 |
2015 Pan American Championships | 1 | Mexico | 1 |
2015 Asian Championships | 1 | China | 1 |
2015 Oceania Championships | 1 | | 1 |
Tripartite Commission Invitation | 1 | Timor-Leste | 1 |
Total | 30 |
- ^1 – South Africa won the continental quotas in men's and women's mountain bike, but decided not to accept them. South African sports confederation and Olympic Committee (SASCOC) and Cycling South Africa (CSA) made an agreement on the Rio 2016 Olympics qualification criteria that the Continental Qualification route will not be considered.[6]
BMX
Men's BMX
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
UCI Olympic qualification ranking | 1 to 4 | United States Netherlands Australia France | 3 |
5 to 7 | Great Britain Latvia Colombia | 2 | |
8 to 13 | Argentina Switzerland Canada New Zealand Brazil Japan | 1 | |
UCI BMX individual ranking | 1 to 4 | Ecuador Russia Germany Norway | 1 |
2016 UCI BMX World Championships | 1 to 3 | Venezuela South Africa Denmark | 1 |
Re-allocation of unused host quota | Indonesia | 1 | |
Total | 32 |
Women's BMX
Event | Ranking by nation | Qualified | Athletes per NOC |
---|---|---|---|
UCI Olympic qualification ranking | 1 to 3 | Australia United States Netherlands | 2 |
4 to 7 | Colombia France Venezuela Russia | 1 | |
UCI BMX individual ranking | 1 to 3 | Belgium Denmark Argentina | 1 |
2016 UCI BMX World Championships | 1 to 2 | Germany Brazil | 1 |
Re-allocation of unused host quota | Thailand | 1 | |
Total | 16 |
References
- 1 2 "Qualification System – Games of the XXXI Olympiad – Road Cycling" (PDF). UCI. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- 1 2 "Qualification System – Games of the XXXI Olympiad – Track Cycling" (PDF). UCI. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- 1 2 "Qualification System – Games of the XXXI Olympiad – Mountain Biking" (PDF). UCI. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- 1 2 "Qualification System – Games of the XXXI Olympiad – BMX" (PDF). UCI. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ "2016 UCI BMX Worlds Goes to Medellin". BMXNews.com. 14 June 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
- ↑ Agreement between SASCOC and CSA