Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim

Fatima
Birth name Fatima Ahemd Ibrahim
Born 1933
Sudan
Origin Omdurman Sudan
Years active 1940s -2000s

Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim(born 1933), Arabic: فاطمة أحمد إبراهيم, Sudanese writer, women rights activist and Socialist leader.[1]

Early life

Ibrahim was born in 1933[2] in Khartoum. She came from an educated family, her grandfather was the headmaster at the first Sudanese School for boys. He was also the Imam in his neighborhood's mosque. Fatima's father graduated from Gordon Memorial College and worked as a teacher. Fatima's mother was amongst the first generation of girls who attended the school. Fatima grew up during the time of the colonial Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. Her father was expelled from teaching in a government school when he refused to teach lessons using English.[3] After that her father moved to teach in a popular school.

Career

After she started at Omdurman Girls' Secondary School she began to support women's rights. She created a wall newspaper called Elra'edda, or in Arabic الرائدة or in English Pioneer girls. Her newspaper focused on women rights and she also wrote in newspapers at that time again under an assumed code name.[3] Fatima conducted the first women strike in Sudan and the reason of strike her school administration decided to omit the science lessons and replaced it by Family science lesson and the strike was successful. Her activities went beyond the school; in 1947 she founded Intellectual Women Association, in 1952 she worked with other women and founded Aletahad Elnees'y Alsodanni or Arabicالاتحاد النسائي or Sudanese Women's Union, which she belonged to the executive committee; then a sphere of action of Women's Union opened membership to all women in Sudan and WU opened branches in different provinces in Sudan. The agenda of Women's Union at that time, according to an amendment to its constitution in 1954, focused on the right to vote, women suffrage, and the right of women to act as representatives in all legislative, political, and administrative corporations. At WUshe also worked to establish equality with men in wages and technical training, and helped to remove illiteracy among women. Because of WU's objectives, there occurred clashes with the political right such as Jabihat El-methaiq elaslami or Islamic Pledge Front. In 1955 Fatima became a chief editor of Sawat al-Maraa Magazine or Woman's Voice Magazine (it is published by Women's Union), and this magazine later plays an essential role in the overthrow of the Ibrahim Abboud regime. In 1954 Fatima's joined the Sudanese Communist Party(SCP), and in a short period Fatima became a member of the Central Committee of the SCP (SCP was the first Sudanese Party which women had a formation inside the party since 1946). In 1956-1957, Fatima became the president of Women's Union, and one of her objectives was for the independence of the union from their affiliation and domination of SCP, and she widened the participation of women with difference backgrounds. In 1965 Fatima was elected to enter the parliament, to become the first deputy Sudanese women.[1] The constitutional crisis caused by the illegal exclusion of the democratically elected SCP members from the Sudanese parliament, which was spearheaded by Sadiq al Mahdi caused much acrimony between the SCP and the Umma Party. In 1969, when Jaafar Muhammad al-Nemieri took a power by military coup with supported by SCP, activities of Women's Union were spread out and women gained many rights in difference fields, but the honeymoon between Sudanese Communist party and Jaafar al-Nemieri was ended after a huge dispute which led in July 1971 to a military coup supported by SCP led by Hashim Elatta, but the coup failed after a few days in a power and Nimiri returned to power again which led to execution to the leaders of coup and SCP and among them Alshafi Ahmed Elshikh a workers union leader and the husband of Fatima, after that Fatima was placed in house arrest for several years, and arrested many times during the Nemieri regime. In 1990 Fatima left Sudan after the Omar Hassan al-Bashir military coup, and joined the opposition in exile as the President of the banned Sudanese Women's Union. In 1991 Fatima was elected President of the Women International Democratic Federation. She returned to Sudan in 2005 after reconciliation between the government and Opposition, and was been appointed as a deputy in the parliament representing the SCP. Her brother is also a writer and involved in politics Salah Ahmed Ibrahim,[3] she has one son from her husband Elshafi named Mohammed Ahmed.

She retired from political leadership in 2011.[1]

Awards

Works

or Personal Status Affairs.

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Fatima Ahmed retires from Sudanese Communist Party, parliament". Sudan Tribune. 19 March 2007. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
  2. Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, Oxford Reference, Retrieved 30 September 2016
  3. 1 2 3 Fatima Ahmed Ibrahim, MoralHeroes, Retrieved 30 September 2016
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