GNAZ

Identifiers

External IDs

MGI: 95780 HomoloGene: 22574 GeneCards: GNAZ

Gene ontology
Molecular function	• nucleotide binding • G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding • signal transducer activity, downstream of receptor • G-protein coupled serotonin receptor binding • signal transducer activity • metal ion binding • GTPase activity • guanyl nucleotide binding • GTP binding
Cellular component	• cell body • cytosol • nuclear envelope • membrane • plasma membrane • dendrite • endoplasmic reticulum • heterotrimeric G-protein complex • extracellular exosome
Biological process	• G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • signal transduction • protein folding
Sources:Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

Entrez


2781


14687

Ensembl


ENSG00000128266


ENSMUSG00000040009

UniProt


P19086


O70443

RefSeq (mRNA)


NM_002073


NM_010311

RefSeq (protein)


NP_002064.1


NP_034441.1

Location (UCSC)

Chr 22: 23.07 – 23.13 Mb

Chr 10: 74.97 – 75.02 Mb

PubMed search

^[1]

^[2]

Wikidata

View/Edit Human

View/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNAZ gene.^[3]^[4]

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of a G protein subfamily that mediates signal transduction in pertussis toxin-insensitive systems. This encoded protein may play a role in maintaining the ionic balance of perilymphatic and endolymphatic cochlear fluids.^[4]

Interactions

GNAZ has been shown to interact with EYA2,^[5] RGS20^[6]^[7] and RGS19.^[5]^[8]

References

↑ "Human PubMed Reference:".
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
↑ Matsuoka M, Itoh H, Kaziro Y (September 1990). "Characterization of the human gene for Gx alpha, a pertussis toxin-insensitive regulatory GTP-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (22): 13215–20. PMID 2115889.
1 2 "Entrez Gene: GNAZ guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), alpha z polypeptide".
1 2 Fan X, Brass LF, Poncz M, Spitz F, Maire P, Manning DR (October 2000). "The alpha subunits of Gz and Gi interact with the eyes absent transcription cofactor Eya2, preventing its interaction with the six class of homeodomain-containing proteins". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 32129–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.M004577200. PMID 10906137.
↑ Nagahama M, Usui S, Shinohara T, Yamaguchi T, Tani K, Tagaya M (December 2002). "Inactivation of Galpha(z) causes disassembly of the Golgi apparatus". J. Cell. Sci. 115 (Pt 23): 4483–93. doi:10.1242/jcs.00093. PMID 12414994.
↑ Glick JL, Meigs TE, Miron A, Casey PJ (October 1998). "RGSZ1, a Gz-selective regulator of G protein signaling whose action is sensitive to the phosphorylation state of Gzalpha". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (40): 26008–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.40.26008. PMID 9748279.
↑ De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG (December 1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.

Wilkie TM, Gilbert DJ, Olsen AS, Chen XN, Amatruda TT, Korenberg JR, Trask BJ, de Jong P, Reed RR, Simon MI (1992). "Evolution of the mammalian G protein alpha subunit multigene family". Nat. Genet. 1 (2): 85–91. doi:10.1038/ng0592-85. PMID 1302014.
Jiang M, Pandey S, Tran VT, Fong HK (1991). "Guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins in retinal pigment epithelial cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88 (9): 3907–11. doi:10.1073/pnas.88.9.3907. PMC 51562. PMID 1902575.
Gagnon AW, Manning DR, Catani L, Gewirtz A, Poncz M, Brass LF (1991). "Identification of Gz alpha as a pertussis toxin-insensitive G protein in human platelets and megakaryocytes". Blood. 78 (5): 1247–53. PMID 1908722.
Hinton DR, Blanks JC, Fong HK, Casey PJ, Hildebrandt E, Simons MI (1990). "Novel localization of a G protein, Gz-alpha, in neurons of brain and retina". J. Neurosci. 10 (8): 2763–70. PMID 2117645.
Mumby SM, Heukeroth RO, Gordon JI, Gilman AG (1990). "G-protein alpha-subunit expression, myristoylation, and membrane association in COS cells". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (2): 728–32. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.2.728. PMC 53339. PMID 2153964.
Matsuoka M, Itoh H, Kozasa T, Kaziro Y (1988). "Sequence analysis of cDNA and genomic DNA for a putative pertussis toxin-insensitive guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory protein alpha subunit". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (15): 5384–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.15.5384. PMC 281761. PMID 2456569.
Blatt C, Eversole-Cire P, Cohn VH, Zollman S, Fournier RE, Mohandas LT, Nesbitt M, Lugo T, Jones DT, Reed RR (1988). "Chromosomal localization of genes encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunits in mouse and human". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (20): 7642–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.20.7642. PMC 282248. PMID 2902634.
Fong HK, Yoshimoto KK, Eversole-Cire P, Simon MI (1988). "Identification of a GTP-binding protein alpha subunit that lacks an apparent ADP-ribosylation site for pertussis toxin". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 85 (9): 3066–70. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.9.3066. PMC 280144. PMID 3129724.
Fields TA, Casey PJ (1995). "Phosphorylation of Gz alpha by protein kinase C blocks interaction with the beta gamma complex". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (39): 23119–25. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.39.23119. PMID 7559455.
Lounsbury KM, Schlegel B, Poncz M, Brass LF, Manning DR (1993). "Analysis of Gz alpha by site-directed mutagenesis. Sites and specificity of protein kinase C-dependent phosphorylation". J. Biol. Chem. 268 (5): 3494–8. PMID 8429024.
Linder ME, Middleton P, Hepler JR, Taussig R, Gilman AG, Mumby SM (1993). "Lipid modifications of G proteins: alpha subunits are palmitoylated". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90 (8): 3675–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.8.3675. PMC 46364. PMID 8475115.
Hunt TW, Fields TA, Casey PJ, Peralta EG (1996). "RGS10 is a selective activator of G alpha i GTPase activity". Nature. 383 (6596): 175–7. doi:10.1038/383175a0. PMID 8774883.
Magovcevic I, Khetarpal U, Bieber FR, Morton CC (1995). "GNAZ in human fetal cochlea: expression, localization, and potential role in inner ear function". Hear. Res. 90 (1-2): 55–64. doi:10.1016/0378-5955(95)00146-8. PMID 8975005.
De Vries L, Elenko E, Hubler L, Jones TL, Farquhar MG (1996). "GAIP is membrane-anchored by palmitoylation and interacts with the activated (GTP-bound) form of G alpha i subunits". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (26): 15203–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.26.15203. PMC 26381. PMID 8986788.
Ho MK, Wong YH (1997). "Functional role of amino-terminal serine16 and serine27 of G alphaZ in receptor and effector coupling". J. Neurochem. 68 (6): 2514–22. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68062514.x. PMID 9166747.
Sidhu A, Kimura K, Uh M, White BH, Patel S (1998). "Multiple coupling of human D5 dopamine receptors to guanine nucleotide binding proteins Gs and Gz". J. Neurochem. 70 (6): 2459–67. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70062459.x. PMID 9603210.
Lin P, Le-Niculescu H, Hofmeister R, McCaffery JM, Jin M, Hennemann H, McQuistan T, De Vries L, Farquhar MG (1998). "The mammalian calcium-binding protein, nucleobindin (CALNUC), is a Golgi resident protein". J. Cell Biol. 141 (7): 1515–27. doi:10.1083/jcb.141.7.1515. PMC 2132997. PMID 9647645.
Glick JL, Meigs TE, Miron A, Casey PJ (1998). "RGSZ1, a Gz-selective regulator of G protein signaling whose action is sensitive to the phosphorylation state of Gzalpha". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (40): 26008–13. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.40.26008. PMID 9748279.

Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

MAP

see MAP kinase pathway

Calcium

G protein

Heterotrimeric

cAMP:	Heterotrimeric G protein Gs/Gi Adenylate cyclase cAMP 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase A

cGMP:	Transducin Gustducin Guanylate cyclase cGMP 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase Protein kinase G

G alpha subunit G_α GNAO1 GNAI1 GNAI2 GNAI3 GNAT1 GNAT2 GNAT3 GNAZ GNAS GNAL GNAQ GNA11 GNA12 GNA13 GNA14 GNA15/GNA16

G beta-gamma complex G_β GNB1 GNB2 GNB3 GNB4 GNB5 G_γ GNGT1 GNGT2 GNG2 GNG3 GNG4 GNG5 GNG7 GNG8 GNG10 GNG11 GNG12 GNG13 BSCL2

G protein-coupled receptor kinase AMP-activated protein kinase

Monomeric

Cyclin

Lipid

Other protein kinase

Serine/threonine:	Casein kinase 1 2 eIF-2 kinase EIF2AK3 Glycogen synthase kinase GSK1 GSK2 GSK-3 GSK3A GSK3B IκB kinase CHUK IKK2 IKBKG Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase IRAK1 IRAK2 IRAK3 IRAK4 Lim kinase LIMK1 LIMK2 p21-activated kinases PAK1 PAK2 PAK3 PAK4 Rho-associated protein kinase ROCK1 ROCK2 Ribosomal s6 kinase RPS6KA1

Tyrosine:	ZAP70 Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase PTK2 PTK2B BTK

both	Dual-specificity kinase

Other protein phosphatase

Serine/threonine:	Protein phosphatase 2

Tyrosine:	protein tyrosine phosphatase: Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase

both:	Dual-specificity phosphatase

Apoptosis

see apoptosis signaling pathway

GTP-binding protein regulators

see GTP-binding protein regulators

Other

see also deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

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GNAZ

Function

Interactions

References

Further reading