Galilee earthquake of 363
| Date | May 18 & 19, 363[1] |
|---|---|
| Epicenter | Galilee |
| Areas affected | Syria-Palaestina province of Byzantine Empire |
| Max. intensity | VII EMS-92[2] |
The Galilee earthquake of 363 was a pair of severe earthquakes that shook the Galilee and nearby regions on May 18 and 19.[3] The maximum perceived intensity for the events was estimated to be VII (Very strong) on the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Karnik scale. The earthquakes occurred on the portion of the Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault system between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba.
Impact
Tzippori, north-northwest of Nazareth, was severely damaged. Nabratein and the Nabratein synagogue (northeast of Safed) were destroyed.[4] The earthquake may have been responsible for the failure of the plan to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem with the permission of the Emperor Julian.[5] Julian's support of Jews, coming after the hostility of many earlier Emperors, meant that Jews called him Julian the Hellene.[6]
Petra, in what is now Jordan, was fatally damaged.
See also
- Geography of Israel#Seismic activity
- List of historical earthquakes
- List of earthquakes in the Levant
References
- ↑ Ferry, Matthieu; Meghraoui, Mustapha; Abou Karaki, Najib; Al-Taj, Masdouq; Khalil, Lutfi (2011). "Episodic behavior of the Jordan Valley section of the Dead Sea fault inferred from a 14-ka-long integrated catalog of large earthquakes". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. Seismological Society of America. 101 (1): 48. doi:10.1785/0120100097.
- ↑ Sbeinati, Mohamed Reda; Darawcheh, Ryad; Mouty, Mikhail (June 2005), "The historical earthquakes of Syria – an analysis of large and moderate earthquakes from 1365 B.C. to 1900 A.D." (PDF), Annals of Geophysics, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, 48 (3): 407
- ↑ Safrai, Zeev (1998). Missing Century: Palestine in the Fifth Century: Growth and Decline. Peeters Publishers. pp. 86–7. ISBN 978-9068319859.
- ↑ Meyers, Eric M.; Strange, James F.; Meyers, Carol L. (Spring 1982). "Second Preliminary Report on the 1981 Excavations at en-Nabratein, Israel". Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. American Schools of Oriental Research (246): 35–54.
- ↑ "Jewish History Sourcebook: Julian and the Jews 361-363 CE". Fordham University.
- ↑ Falk, Avner (1996). A Psychoanalytic History of the Jews. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. p. 343. ISBN 978-0-8386-3660-2.
Sources
- Niemi, Tina M. (2009), Paleoseismology and archaeoseismology of sites in Aqaba and Petra, Jordan: Field guidebook (PDF), Geological Survey of Israel, pp. 119–124
- Russell, Kenneth W. (1980), "The Earthquake of May 19, A. D. 363", Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, American Schools of Oriental Research (238): 47–64, JSTOR 1356515