James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond
| James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond | |
|---|---|
 James Stewart Duke of Lennox and Richmond, 1637, by Sir Anthony van Dyck | |
| Born |
6 April 1612 Scotland |
| Died |
30 March 1655 (aged 42) Scotland |
| Allegiance |
.svg.png){kind=small} Kingdom of Scotland |
| Service/branch |
 Royal Scots Navy |
| Rank | Lord High Admiral of Scotland |
James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond, 4th Duke of Lennox KG (6 April 1612 – 30 March 1655) was a Scottish nobleman. He was the eldest son of Esmé Stewart, 3rd Duke of Lennox and his wife Katherine Clifton, 2nd Baroness Clifton.
James Stewart inherited the Dukedom of Lennox on his father's death (30 June 1624) and was invested as a knight of Order of the Garter in 1633.
He married Mary Villiers, daughter of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham on 3 August 1637.
A third cousin of Charles I of England, Stewart was a Privy Councillor and key member of Royalist party in the English Civil War. In 1641–42, he served as Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports. He spent five months in exile in 1643, returning to England to defend the city of Oxford for the king.[1] He died on 30 March 1655 at age 42 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
Richmond
The Scottish connection to the earldom of Richmond began in 1613 when Ludovic Stewart, 2nd Duke of Lennox, was created Earl of Richmond. He was made Duke of Richmond in 1623, when Cobham Hall and the manor of Cobham, Kent, was granted to him by King James I of England, and became the main residence of the family. Upon his death in February 1624, the Lennox titles descended to his brother Esmé and the Richmond titles became extinct. In 1641 James Stewart was created Duke of Richmond, once again uniting the Scottish and English dukedoms.
James's son Esmé Stewart inherited the Richmond and Lennox titles on James's death, but Esmé died at age 10 in 1660, whereupon both titles descended to Charles Stewart, son of James Stewart's younger brother George Stewart, 9th Seigneur d'Aubigny.
See also
- Lord Bernard Stewart (younger brother)
- Siege of Oxford
Notes
- ↑ Weiss Gallery, Illustrious Company, p. 20
References
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.- Entry at ThePeerage.com
- Weiss Gallery, Illustrious Company: Early Portraits 1545–1720, 1998 (catalogue with commentary).
External links
Media related to James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond at Wikimedia Commons
| Honorary titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by The Earl of Portland |
Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire jointly with The Earl of Southampton 1641–1646 and The Earl of Portland 1635–1646 |
Succeeded by Interregnum |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by The Earl of Suffolk |
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 1641–1642 |
Succeeded by Sir Edward Boys |
| Peerage of Scotland | ||
| Preceded by Esmé Stewart |
Duke of Lennox 1624–1655 |
Succeeded by Esmé Stewart |
| Peerage of England | ||
| Preceded by New Creation |
Duke of Richmond 1641–1655 |
Succeeded by Esmé Stewart |